Panjabi Primer Easy Learning Part 3 English)

8/6/2019 Panjabi Primer Easy Learning Part 3 English)

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e x K

kakka

LESSON VII

1 : : f KH o r G

k h a k h a gagga

ALPHABET 1B t

~ * })f * ~ * R S

urha arha c e r h i ssassa

tJ CH 5' CHH R J

c h a c h a

C T

t a i n k a

chhachha JaJp

o TH ~ D

thatha dadda

' 3 " T C T:: : soft *

'I f P

p a p p a

l i T y

TH t D

soft ,~

G PH ' 8 " B

p h a p h a b a b b a

t r H

haha

u r GH a *

d ' " R F . i L

lalla

g h a g g a

*

r a r a

jhajja

dhadda nahnha

r r DH 0' NH

soft '" soft nanna

~ BH }f M

b h a b b a mamma

? V/w;J' RH

w a v a rharha

R SH 1 ; : f KH Q T GH B z ~ F

23



A. NEW WORDS

The consonants reproduced below have no corresponding letters in English. You will

need h elp to learn correct pronu nciation.

* * * * *

* l:f KH * U f GH ~

* S CHH * ~ JH ~

* 0" TH * ~ DH ~ N

:3 " T E f TH t 0 z r DH *

* * * ~ BH *

* * * * ;r RH

i. There is no letter in the English alphabet that corresponds w ith the sounds of four

letters in the fifth row . Therefore .. w hen writing English:

is represented by "T" (soft) as in "Sat N aam "

is represented by ''TH '' (soft) as III "both"

is represented by "0' (soft) as in "Gu rdwar a

is represented by "DH" (sort) as In "Buddha"

~ ~Mt. . . . ,

33 ?8r~ F B t cBt31

Ef1r) !Fffi E f T l . f anf t wa R T B l ~~

eI31,~ tTRt~ R B t atft Jftft~

l : : r o T ihft iEt. . . . ,

- a m1dl ' EU" F f T U F f T l J

24



------_--------------------------

ii. The sounds of the letters in column two and four are expressed hy adding "H" to the

English letter corresponding to the Panjabi letter in the previous column in the same row .

F or e xample :

c r ~

U fH l:fl.fT 'KHOPA' GH UR f 'GHAR'

~ CHH 5TU 'CHHAP' " 5 " JH~

' JHOOLA'

(5 ~

~

TH o c r r 'THUG' DH ~ 'DHOL'

~ BH ~ 'BHAI'

I .~f t .~ i8" ~ f F r 1 : f ffil:f tTCf ()Tl:f

2. 51C~ ~ f50 & e x f t J a , r f tr5 fo5 fue,r

3. olc~ 5 a " r &rr 5w tro t P O l c x r o 1 wo1

~

~ ~

4. U R J r u r c J T T Ufr)~ ~ ~ ~

~ ~ ~ ~

5.~·~

"5a" ~ ¥ ~" 8 " " 5 l C X S T

6. ~~~

~ fur) ~~ }ffiO(I~I }reT

. . . . . . ~

~ a T m.~ ~ ~ " § P O T ~ ~

~~cNl ~~I ~~I ~¥I ~~~

UR f ~ m : rf c w w I OTH ~ cW o 1 a - J 1 ~ SZ Uffi fu B un I

iii. In the fifth column. the first two letters & and ~ are unique and rarely used. Theyhave a very special nasal sound. The reader may ignore them for the present. The third

letter :~ is a special "N" sound with additional nasal affects. Change of () to C

changes the meaning of the word. For example. when () is replaced C, the word CiI'?)T

(reed)' changes to arcr (one eyed person).



f > . . R R : r a -3 t ~ I CST "fr& ~ }flO I 3 " 3 r US ~ E a r ~ I

~ I mr 3R ~ I ~ e r a - -eae 83 r " f r fa'pw I

Here arc some examples:

< : X r < ' ) T Reed O( ' t , One-eyed person

H 'O Mind ~ Unit of weight (about 80 lbx.)

FrO Were ~ Jute fiber

l : : f T O T Pigeon hole. house ~ Food

c J l 1 ? 5 T A thread tied to arm dPt ' Song

The students w ill learn this vocabulary slowly as they become more familar with Panjahi

words.

IV . The last consonant 3" is a modified sound of "I)". Some persons usc "D" in place or

this letter. while others prefer "RH" (R hard) to represent this sound in English . for

example. kada. karha.t iro n b ra ce le t)

B: HALF 'N' SOUND: TIPP} AND BIND!:

n

When "N" is shortened to be a nasal sound. it is put on the top or the line. The stem is

removed and only a semicircle. called Tippi. is used. This is done in case of four vowels.

M ukia. Sihari, Aunkar and Do-aunkar. For the other six vowels and Urha it is reduced to

just a dot called Bincli.

26



27

n o n

1 12 N := 0 - R O T = R O T sung

n n n n o n

Ra" t = r a " R O T t . ra" ~ G O T

Sunk Junk Sung Punk Hunt Rung

ff ior f f i a r R O T f & a T f t r c x ffia"Ring Sing W ing Kinu Pink Sink

o n o

Hit fun f r c f t1i oar R O To n n n n n

~ ~ ¥ ~ ~ ~

ii. B in di

R< : i:R ~ ~ b ~

Saint Paint Faint Sand Band Hand

dkjic 5iz ~ l i fur cfltr m e n" ' " ' . " ' " ' . " ' " ' . '"n • '"n • '"n •

3-e- ~ Rt ~ R " O T "JC

Long Song Haunt

~ ~

<;»

c. ADHIK ; D

A svrnbol to double the sound.

When a consonant IS to be repeated (stresscd r . a semicircle looking up (new moon like) is

placed on top of that letter.

'..I V

f Z c x rdda })fc3T Jugg R O T Tikka

v v v

Cffi" ~ Tull ~



In Panjabi, sometimes ADHIK changes the meaning of the word. For example:

v

~ a generation ~ Total. ~JIv

8S~1 blowing out of candle or fire 8S~1 To know

v

}5 Dirt }5 A wrestlerv

~ To hide ~ Coal tarv

~ Oil-cake ~ H,de, skin

D. BOTTOM-DOTTED LETTERS

The five BOTTOM-DOTTED Letters were added to write the Persian and Arabic words.

These sounds were not used in the Panjabi language, hence no Gurmukhi letters existed

for them. These new sounds for writing Persian words were adopted sometime during the17th century after the compilation of Guru Granth Sahib by Guru Ar jun Dev J i in 1604 .

These letters arc not there in the Guru Granth Sahib. Thev have been, however, used

lavishly by Guru Gobind Singh Ji in his composition which were mostly written after

16XO.

The language experts have suggested that the words of Persian and Arabic origin. for

example, Khalsa. Fateh. Khuda and Ghularn. which by common usage have become a

part of Panjabi vocabulary be accepted as Panjabi words. Accordingly. in some cases,

such words may be found written without a dot at the bottom.

SH F . f~

Shore EO'-n

Short B C J e'-n

Shop Rlf

KH 1 ; 1 "

Sheik f f i fKhan l;fTO

Push l . . f F . f

Bush EB"

Cash fu r

Rash ~

So

¥l { 8 "

28



GH

Z R Zoo BR8 f i fd lBd lero Zizzau......_

Zeal & Zink f f r c x

t: i lSd Iebra

F W Sd~~ald ~dfiakir

~ F < ; ; ; O ( dirm

E. USE OF CONSONANTS AT THE FOOT OF THE LETTERS.

In Panjabi, some consonants arc used at the foot of other consonants.

Here arc some examples:

1 . Usc of 'd "

In words where a consonant is put at the bottom of the letter. it shortens the sound of that

letter. Any vowel assigned to the letter goes with the bottom consonant.

tf has a short sound. the stress is given on 'd "

» r H f u 3 .

29



2.UseofU:

I t is used when half sound of "H" is to be pronounced in conjunction with a consonant.

tf3' (~+ U at the foot) are to be pronounced together as one compoundI. J

consonant. The word should be read without separating U.

astirs not

is not

is not

3. ~ & 1 J f are also used at the bottom. Their use is very rare.

CHART OF VOWELS

? 1 c J T T - }fl3 d i

Mukta

88 d l t = Panna l . . f l l . . fT

" a "papa Baba Raja

Sihari ~ ~ ~

" . , 'Hill Rill Pill

Bihari ~ ~ tim"ee " Heel Reel Peel

Aunkar ~ t.rZ tm

"u" Full Put Pull

Do-Aunkar~ ~ ~

"00" Hoof Roof Pool

30



Lanv ~ ~ iffi"ai" Hail Rail Pail

Do-Lanv ~ ~ n c x"a" Hack Rack Pack

" ' " " ' " " ' "Hora Utf ~ cnf"Q" Hope Rope Cope

'-n '-n '-n

Kanoura UZ OC trC"0" Hot Rot Pot

(") (") (")

Tippi u c r r ~ R O T"ng" Hung Rung Sung

v v v

Adhik acr ~ })fl::f



---------------

LESSON VIII

WORDS WITH MULTI-VOWELS

You arc now ready to pick up any Panjabi reader and start reading. For reading wordswith multiple letters and multiple vowels. the following material will help you.

1 . ~~ & R d A c i l ~

B ffij Ed69 ~

i~ " f f i J mft ~

jf~

j:ffit~

i f ~ iW ~

' : : r~ ~ e A i3di_

i f SH " f f R t ~

2 F f T FrB" Frat ~

-11' 5Qf 5 T t f t ~,

} r }-fTP) }i'Ma ~

t"IlM~l= r ~ t4IM~

~ ~IM~lr r ~

f < J l » f T ~ famro1 ~

3 " " '~.

~ ~ ~ 1 J O H

c J ¥ ¥ ~t431 ~ t " I 8~.

~ ~ ~ ~

3'),~



4. . . . , . . . . , . . . . ,

~ ~8 " ~ ~. . . . , . . . . , . . . . ,

i : r f f i ~. . 1 " l..ffi trW. . . . , . . . . , . . . . ,

a T a l a T a l > Wr ~ < m fT

'-0 '-0

~ ~ ~x CET'-0 '-0

~ @ ~3 " tf3T'-0 '-0

tSt is lSPW. . 1 " tST

5 ~ ~ ~

fur)r (JM~1 r(JM~l

~ r t : tMO(~1 F t : t M O ( c : l

~ r 3MO(~1 r 3MO(~1

ftffi ~ f u t i O ( e : 9

6 t i h = r t f u : r " t f u : f t t f t H ~

Bta tftor B 1 ? f t t I T 5 ~

n T c x < f t a " r c f t a t ? > 9 a ~

(") (")

frit @ ~~ C f f i T(") (")

c 5 i t & 5mcr 0cP(") (")

~ ~ ~~

§Si~1 ~ ~ ~

» f T ~ »flit ~ ~

33



8v v

R a R a 1 i t c W f te x HaTv v

t ' f f i : B o n ~rcX ~v v

F f f i H t f t ~t3 " i t tJT

34



Panjabi Numbers

W One 34 B ' 3 t Thirty-four 67 H3uc Sixty-seven

I '" '35 ~ Thirty-five 68~ Two lifOTUO Sixty-eight

3 80' Three 36 ~ Thirty-six 69 ~ Sixty-nine- <J

4 B'cf Four 37 F r 3 t Thirty-seven 70 ~ Seventyn

Five 38 ~ Thirty-eighttrR

6<

Six 39 'l'3IM l Thirty-nine 71 f<!&3d Seventy-one

7 Fs Seven 40 ~ Fortv 72 ~ Seventy-two

8 n r c Eight 73 f383d Seventy-three

9- er ,

Nine 41 fEcx3 M l Fortv-one 74'"' v

Seventy-four~

10~ Ten 42 fa3ff i Fortv- twon

Seventy-five5 t.ft13Q

43 f3d3 M l F o rtv - t hre e 76 fii:83d Seventy-six

11~Eleven 44 B - O T I D Fortv-four 77 t = r 3 3 Q Seventy-seven

12 C f T d ' t Twelve 45 i8rm Fortv-five 78 » r c 5 3 " a " Seventy-eight

133Gl Thirteen 46 ~ Fortv-six 79 €mRt Seventy-nine- u

14 B t ! t Fourteen 47 Fr3rff i Forty-seven 80 » n = f t Eighty

15 i R l J f Fifteen 48 ~ Forty-eight

16 F r w r Sixteen 49 €n5r Fortv-ninc 81 fecN:il Eighty-one<J

17 J13lQT Seventeen 50n

Fifty 82 ~ Eighty-twoft11"(J<J

18 hfOTCji Eighteen 83 3 " d ' m Eighty-threeu

19~ Nineteen 51 f<!q~;-jI Fifty-one 84 ~ Eighty-four

20&Twenty 52n

Fifty-two l f f i T l " " I T Eighty-five85

53n

Fifty-three 86 ~ Eighty-sixd~tP

21 f~:ft Twenty-one 54n

F ifty - fo ur H " 3 ' J " " f t Eighty-seven:ld~tP 87

22 " W 2 t Twenty-twon

Fiftv-Iive 88 ~ Eighty-eight5 ~

23 - m Twenty-three 56"" n

Fifty-six 89 ~ Eighty-nine.

24 ~t Twenty-four 57n

Fifty-seven 90 1 > ? Ninety3~til

25 trtft Twenty-five 58n

Fifty-eight

26 ~ Twenty-six 59 'l~luc F ifty · n in e 91 f . v "" Ninety-onecx(,)~

27 H3~ Twenty-seven 60 Ro Sixty 92 ~ Ninety-two

28 Y;fc~ Twenty-eight 93 ~ Ninety-three

29 ~st Twcntv-nine 61 r e - q r u o Sixty one 94'-nv

" " ' Ninety-four

303hJ Thirty

62 WcJOSixty-two

95~ Ninety-five

63 3uo Sixty-three 96 ~ Ninety-six

31 fi;&3t Thirty-one 64'-n

Sixty-four 97 t = r 3 o ? . Ninety-seven:lUO

32 - a - 3 t Thirty-two 65 '" Sixty -Ii\'C 98 ~ Ninety-eight«R5

33 3 " : : - T I Thirty -th rc e 66 ~ Sixty-six 99 (')f3(,)~ Ninety-nine

lOOH O ne H undred

3 = ,



VOCABU :LARY

BODY PARTS

Head

Forehead

Eye

Eyebrow

Eyelashes

Eyeball

NoseTeeth

Lips

Tongue

Ear

~Q~2, ~

l.ffiat

»n:ftT~?)a

~

W >1 1 B , RET?)

Neck

Shoulder

Chest

Arms

Elbow

Wrist

Hand

"qo

dlQt(') (~)~}-ffiT

5 T 3 1

wut

~

q J Z

" 5 c T

A

Thumb

Finger

Small Finger

Palm

Nails

Back

WaistKnee

Call'

Leg

Ankle

Foot

Heel

Sole

Hair

Beare!

Moustaches

36

•j · d IMl

B f f i 1

3ffi~,~

ftro

~,~~alW

f lh:1it

i 'G r

f i l l e r

lh r> f u n

th J

~ , f u : r , f u - r

~

f r 5 t , Jj I i : f ( j 8



LIFE & RELATIONS

Birth Dt' F e R , NOH

Childhood "8tRf7)

Oldman W

Oldwoman - a - mS enior P erson 8 t jdd l

S ick /ill ~

Healthy willTired i f f imfr

Happy ljH

Sad ~

""Death H3"

Cremation HHO('d

Family

father

\1othcr

Sister

f u 3 r , E T lJ , ~}fT"3T, ) - f T , W

~

B

Ancestors

Engagement

Wedding

Marriage

Class-fellow

Couple

Relationship

Friend

Gues t

Enemy

Fight

W ar

Brother

Son

Daughter

(ii) RELATIONS THROUGH FAMILY l\IEl\lBERS

FATHER"S

Father

Mother

S is t cr

O lder B roth er

Y ounger B rother t : J ' TBT

MOTHER'S

father

Mother

Sister

Brother

'" " ~t=S'T, t1~ I

F a R 3 1

f i . B " a " , ~,;w;ft

~

~

~,M318

# e r r , M318

~,~,&

~,~,~

m,~,-a-tt



BROTHER'S

Wife

Son

Daughter

! 3 d t = J i E ' l

! 3 3 1 t = J i

! 3 3 1 H 1

SISTER'S

Husband

Son

Daughter

(iii) REALTION THROUGH IN-LAWS

WIFE'S HUSBANDS'SMother H H Mother H HFather ~ Father ~Sister F f T " f f i Sister ~

""-Brother J1'"W Older Brother t"lO

Younger Brother fuW

Daughter-in-law's

Father ~ Mother ~

Son-in-law's

Father ~ Mother ~

38



Cn

CALENDER O(M~d

Days fuo,~

~3~'a . . . , "Sunday Monday ~ Tuesday )-fdIM~'av

cila~'a -ednesday §(l~'a Thursday Friday J j O ( a ~ ' a

Saturday H o l t : !a~ Ia

Hour

Minute m eSecond H f & 2Week UG3'1"

Month ~

Months ~

January t"l(')~ d l February Ga~d l March } - { T d " t : l "

April » > l 1 ? 1 > May H E t June t1?)

tlM'8-"

July August })fO']"JB Semptember H 3 a ao "October } ) fO(~aa November (')~aa December t H a a

Sunrise

Dawn

Morning

Before Noon

Noon

Afternoon

Evening

Midnight

Sunset

lJatl~~~

~

~~lffiJw

~

~11&F . f T H , ~

» fd t ~

lJatltT§l.fT

39



40

D

HOU S E U K f

House u r a , }-fcXlO Room ~Veranda a a iE 3 1 Kitchen fuBo, d1W

. . . ,~~~edroom HC~~ Dining room

Living Room f u s a , ~ Roof ~

~~CV fa1 "

Floor Gilll Rug dlMlt3 1

"ffiE". . . .

Wood Iron rxr

Metal U T 3 " F r i d o - e ~to

Washing machine al.S iJc~ Dryer al.S t J O < I ( J C

H F f to ~ J - - f F . f t 0Spoon ill1tfT Serving spoon C & e f t

Glass aTWR Bowl ~,~,mftTelcvsion ZMlcilti( ') . ; g a t a H ( ' ) Door ta~It11 '8(JT~ =Window fcscit

'<

(Jate O T Z , ~

ta~It'l1

Fireplace » r c m o l Flower pot a n - r w"

Flower vase < g Mt 1(') Inside »ftTQ

Outside ~ City ~

Grass ~ I,oek F A t a l

Key wm.~ Street o r mBlock ~ Village f t & , O R J TPets ~ t'll(')~a Dog ~

Cat ~ Hamster ~~

Bird {hit



41

E

FOOD ~~t fu : r t ,. . ,

§ 3 t " i 0

Flour l ? f T C T Onions ~,~

Bread ~~ Radish ~

Chapati ~ Red Chillies wr') f t- R r t r" "

Rice ~,~ Lentil ~

Vegetable ~ , " R 1 I t . f t Pickle ~

Potato ~ Peanut BdlGMl

Cauliflower o T i t Salt ? 5 l- - f a " , ~

Cabbage irt o T i t Black pepper ~ f t - R r t r

Carrot ~ Sugar ~ , t f t ? f t

Okra Bit Milk ~U

Pea ~ Yogurt ttiT" " ' ~iucrgourd aGW Buttermilk

Spinach l . . fT"r)cX Butter H C f C

Purnpkin ~&~ Fruit ~

Gourd u r e l > w Apple f i W , H " a "

Turnip ~ Pear ~

~,~'<

Beans Banana C X W

G f f i » > to

Pods Mango » ra. . . . , . . . . _ n

Gram ~ Orange ~,~. . . . , . . . . _

Garlic ~ Grapefruit t30(3Cjo

mfBringer ~,B~ Papaya

Tea ~

Biscuit raH~c. . . . _

Cake C X O ( "



42

F

SCHOOL H~M

School ~,~ Principal ~

Pen lf6 Pencil ~

Class ~ , f f i - f T 3 ' " Student ~

Teacher ~ Late ~,~

Period ~ , U r c r Football ~~

Volleyball ~ 'Mla 'M Hockey ural

~,~::..

Wrestling Swimming ~

Book F6(3 Ia, l J R 3 ' C X

Health fffiB Healthv ~3"HtSick ~ Tired B f o r > w f rWw

f i : : K J tGt<

Headache Stomach ache lfZ tGt

Pain tGt Run ~,~::..

Walk ~,~ Sit a6(~1" "Stand CS'?)T Sleep R C ' " r

<. )

<

~~ying down ~ Talk

Discuss c i l t 3 ld ~ Argue E f u R acJOT

Fight M~ '~ l Quarrel ~



GWeather

. . . .Hm-f

~ 81 fdH ~eavy rain Windstorm

Flood ~ Space })fCXTR<J

',"

~un glI, l J d t 1 Cloud

Drizzle ~ Rain a I fdR, ?"ijl::fT,

Hhr

Earthquake ~

Lunar Eclipse Bt~ Solar Eclipse lJ011~mEft "Earth Moon Bt

North ~ East ~South ~ West it;H

Snow " 8GG Water wit

43



Notes

Documents

Panjabi Primer Easy Learning Part 3 English)