PancreatitisPancreatitisAcute pancreatitisAcute pancreatitis

DefinitionDefinition

Is an inflamation of the pancreas ranging from mild edema to extensive hemorrhage the structure and function of the pancreas return to normal after an acute attack

causescausesCauses-=

1-biliary disease like biliary stone2-alcohol consumption3-infection like mumps

4-anti cancer drugs5-hyperlipidemia-truma and surgery6-oral contra captives-corticosteroid

7-less common bacterial and viral

Clinical featureClinical feature

Sudden onset

-sever epigastric pain

-nausea –vomiting , hypovolumic shock

-hemorrhage in pancreas

-reduce bowel sound

-dry mucous membrane

InvestigationInvestigation

-S. amylase—RBS

-S. Ca. k. Na. albumin

-plan abdominal X ray

-abdominal U\S

-CT abdomen

-chest X ray

Medical treatmentMedical treatment

-analgesic –pethidine 100mg IV

-Rest gland by continuous gastric suction

-IV fluid and correct electrolyte

-treat shock and respiratory distress

ComplicationsComplications

Complication-=-pleural effusion

-haemorrhage with hypovolemic shock

-chronic panceratitis-acute renal failure

N P-=ASSESSMENT-=

-history of gallbladder disease and alcohol

-assess GI distress including nausea vomiting –diarrhea and fat stool

-assess characteristic of abdominal pain

-assess nutrition and fluid status-assess respiratory status

ND-=1-PAIN R\L to disease process

-goal – controlling pain-N. intervention-=-assess pain level

-administer analgesic as prescribed-assist patient to comfortable position-maintain NPO to decrease pancreatic

enzyme secretion and rest gland-NGT for suction

-reassess pain

ND-=

2-Fluid volume deficit R\L to vomiting-low intake-fever and fluids shifts

-outcome=- maintain fluid balance-N-intervention-=

-assess fluid status-I.V FLUID as prescribed-monitor intake and output

-provide care for fever-anti emetic as prescribed

-reassess fluid status

ND-=

3 -IN effective breathing pattern R\L to sever pain and pulmonary complication

-goal-=

Improving respiratory function

-N. action-=

-assess respiratory rate-rhythm-effort and oxygen saturation

-up right position

-report sings of respiratory distress

-instruct patient to cough and take deep breathing

To improve respiratory function