25

30

35

45

50

55

60

65

40

Time(Ma)

CHRONO-STRATIGRAPHY

SYST

EMSERIES

OLI

GO

CEN

E

UPP

ERLO

WER

PALE

OG

ENE

PALE

OC

ENE

EOC

ENE

UPP

ERM

IDD

LELO

WER

LOW

ERU

PPER

SEA-LEVEL TRENDS

38.54

34.76

35.17

37.24

33.90

32.19

29.45

28.45

27.50

24.84

42.98

41.67

57.23

56.09

55.22

55.52

54.09

57.55

58.23

53.55

52.47

51.62

51.07

50.13

49.78

47.47

45.35

64.50

63.41

65.21

62.17

61.45

Bart 1

Bart 2/Pr 1

Pr 2

Ch 4/Aq 1

Ch 3

Ch 2

Ru 4/Ch 1

Ru 3

Ru 2

Pr 4/Ru 1

Pr 3

Lu 3

Lu 4

Th 2Th 3

Th 5Th 4

Th 6/Yp 0?

Yp 3Th 7/Yp 1

Yp 4Yp 5

Yp 6

Yp 7Yp 8

Yp 10

Lu 1

Lu 2

Yp 9

Da 1

Da 2

Da 3

Da 4

Sel 1

Sel 2/Th 159.32

SEQUENCECHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY

SEQUENCES

55.42 Yp 2

56.57

MAINSEA-LEVEL

TRENDS

MEGASEA-LEVEL

TRENDS

REF

Sequence Stratigraphic Framework (Neal, 1996)Age Key biostrat. datum

Microfossil Palynomorph

Shelf BasinMoray Firth

Central GrabenSout Viking Graben

Dep.Seq. high low

Sea level

Sequence Frameworks

from Shell modified fromDen Hartog Jager et al. (1993)

from Mobilmod. fromArmentroutet al., 1993

Eustatic Curvemod. from Haqet al. (1988)

Olig

ocen

eE

ocen

eP

aleo

cene

Dan

ian

Paleogene 5R/TFcycle

Paleogene 4R/TFcycle

Paleogene 3R/TFcycle

Paleogene 2R/TFcycle

Paleogene 1R/TFcycle

Ekofisk

Maureen

Andrew

LowerBalmoral

UpperBalmoral

U. FortiesSele

Balder

L. Frigg

M. Frigg

uM. Frigg

U. Frigg

F-Ill

UpperTay

Caran

Nauhian

Brioc

L. Lark 1

L. Lark 2

Sea levellowhigh

Bio-zone Stratigraphy

PT24/27/29

PT23

PT22

PT21

PT20

PT19

PT15

PT13

19.119.219.319.4

22.1

22.2

22.3

22.4

23.1

23.2

23.3

23.4

BC-14

BC-12

BC-10

BC-6

BC-4

BC-3

Sel

andi

anTh

anet

ian

Ypre

sian

Lute

tian

Bar

toni

anP

riabo

nian

Rup

elia

n

ShelfBasinal shalesSubmarine fanHiatus

Maximum flooding surfaceSequence boundaryHigher order seq. boundary

2

7

6

5

4

3

8

9

10

1112

2

3

456

7

8 9

1052

5354.254.555

60

63

T50

T45T40

T30

T20

2

3

4

5

6

1

Beauly/Balder

Dornoch

Forties

Balmoral

Andrew

Maureen

I

Balder

DornochFortiesLista IIIb

Maureen II

Lista IIIa

Lista II

Lista Ib

Lista Ia

Maureen I

e2

e1

e0

p8

p7

p1

p3

p4p5

p6

NSPg90

NSPg80NSPg70NSPg65NSPg60NSPg55

NSPg50

NSPg40

NSPg35

NSPg30

NSPg20

Simon GeophysicalServices and GAPs(1991)

Robertson Research(1996)

Mudge (1998)Galloway et al. (1993)Liu (1995)

Seq. of BPmod.fromStewart(1987)

Vining etal. (1993)

Dixon andPearce(1995)

STS TKS Stratigraphic Seq. Sequence Basinal sands rel. change of coastal onlap Seq.no.

land basin

A. arcuatum

S. cooksoniae

A. diktyoplokus

R. porosumH. porosa

D. colligerum

S. placacantha

D. ficusoides

D. pachydermun

E. ursulae

E. ursulaeH. tubiferum

C. edwardsiiH. tenuispinosum

W. meckelfeldensisA. summissum

D. condylosS. septatus

D. varielongitudumD. politum

P. pyrophorumP. bulliforme

I. viborgense

P. bulliforme

D. simileD. oebisfeldensisD. solidumH. tubiferum

Inaperturopollenitesspp.

A. augustumPterosphermeliaC. wardenenseD. oebisfeldensis

W. astra

A. augustumA. margarita

A. gippingensisP. pyrophorum

large Leiospheres

A. reticulataD. californica

X. lubricumS. inornata

P. dimorphosus

G. compressaG. pseudobuloidesE. trivialis

Cenodiscus

S. spectabilisRhizammina/Bahysiphon

Cenodiscus

Coscinodiscus sp.

S. linaperta gr.

S. navarroana

C. amplectens

compiled in Millenium Atlas (2003)

TECTONIC EVENTS

Uplift of northernmost North Sea andShetland Platform

Volcanic activity in central Europeand North Sea Basin uplift

Marine connection to Alpine foredeep

Faulting along Vøring Escarpment and Færoe-Shetland Escarpment

Minor faultingRifting in Norwegian-Greenland Sea

Vulcanism on Møre Marginal High,Vøring Marginal High and Plateau andFæroe Islands

Spreading jump (Aegir ridge abandend)

Active seafloor spreading in NorwegianSea

CLIMATICEVENTS

8837 (4) 21.10.04

??

EKOFISK FM.

LISTAFM.

Heimdal.Sst. Mb.

??CHALKGROUP

PU

OR

G E

SO

RET

NO

MP

UO

RG YA

RO

M

LowerDomochSst.

L3

L2

L1

V2

V1

?

VÅLEFM.

EKOFISK FM.

LISTA FM.

LowerDomochSst.

L3

L2

L1

V2

V1

NOITA

MR

OF H

CO

NR

OD S1

VÅLEFM.

LISTAFM.

VÅLEFM.

?

VÅLEFM.

HermodSst.Mb.

HermodSst.Mb.

HermodSst.Mb.

Heimdal.Sst. Mb.

TySst. Mb.

TySst. Mb.

TySandstoneMember

TySandstoneMember

L1

V2

V1

L3

L2

S1b

S1a

L3

L2

L1

V2

V1

L3

L2

L1

V2

V1

S1S1S1

EggaSst.Mb

EggaSst.Mb.

BorrSst. Mb.

SiriSst. Mb.

SiriSst.Mb.

Fiskebank

Silt andSst.Mb.

EigerøySst.Mb.

SotraSst. Mb.

SolundSst.Mb.

LISTA FM.

?

?

BorrSst. Mb.

EKOFISKFM.

L3

L2

L1

V2

V1

LISTA FM.

VÅLEFM.

S1bS1a

MaureenSst.Member

MaureenSst.Member

Maureen Carb.Sst.Member

AndrewSst.Mb.

FortiesSst.Mb.

Eigerøy Sst. Mbr.

?

VÅLEFM.

VÅLEFM.

L3

L2

L1

V2

V1

S1

SiriSst.Mb.

FiskebankSilt and

Sst.Mb.

Eigerøy Sst. Mbr.

?

?

Mor

ay G

roup

Mon

trose

Gro

up

Chalk Grp.

Pale

ocen

eea

rlyla

te

Apectodiniumspp. acme

Bathysiphon acmeS. spectabilis acme /A. margaritaA. gippingensis

P. pyrophorum

C. lenticularisI. viborgenceS. beccariiformisacmeG. pseudobulloides

S. inornata

??

BALDER FORMATION

DomochMudstone

UpperDomochSst.

BeaulyMember

HermodSst.Mb.

S2a

NOI

TA

MR

OF

HC

ON

RO

D

S3

B1B2

Northern North Sea

East Shetland Platform/North Viking Graben

W E W E

SELEFM.

UpperDomochSst.

BeaulyMember

SELEFM. S2a

S3

B1

B2

B1

NE Fladen Ground Spur /South Viking Graben

W E

BALDERFORMATION

Siri Valley

W E

BALDERFORMATION

SELEFM.

Horda platform

W E

Stord basin

BALDERFORMATION

HermodSst.Mb.

S2a

S3

S2b

B1

B2

S2a

S3

B1

B2

S2a

S3

B1

B2

FiskebankSilt and

Sst.Mb.

Eigerøy

Sst.Mb.

SolundSst.Mb.

RadøyMember

OdinMember

SELEFM. S2a

S3

B2

Central Graben

W E

BALDERFORMATION

S2bCromartySst.Mb.

EigerøySst.Mb.

Norwegian DanishBasin

W E

BALDERFORMATION

S2a

S3

B1

B2

EigerøySst.Mb.

FiskebankSilt andSst.Mb.

V V V V V V V V V V V V V V VV V V V V V V VV V V V V V V V V VVV V V V V V V V

Central North SeaGroup

Wes

tray

Gro

upS

trons

ay G

roup

Lark Fm. Lark Fm.Lark Fm.

GridSstMb.

GridSstMb.

GridSstMb.

GridSstMb.

MousaFm.

Mou

sa F

m.Horda

Fm.

FriggSstMb.

SkrooSstMb.

HordaFm.

TaySstMb.

HordaFm.

Age

Olig

ocen

ceEo

cene

early

mid

- la

te

Coscinodscus

D. oebisfeldensisacme

Keybio-markers

S. Iinaperta

CenosphaeraE. ursulae

S. att. spectabilis

G. indexA. diktyoplokus

C. lobospinosum

from RWE modified after Knox & Cordey (1992)

HO

RD

ALA

ND

GR

OU

PR

OG

ALA

ND

GR

OU

P

SELEFM.

SELEFM.

MousaFm.

unnamed Mb.unnamedMb.

BALDERFORMATION

δ13

C (‰)

0-1012345

δ 18O (‰)

4°0° 8° 12°

Temperature (° C)*

Small-ephemeralIce-sheets appear

Late PaleoceneThermal Maximum

Oi-1 Glaciation

Mi-1Glaciation

E.EoceneClimaticOptimum

Late OligoceneWarming

Full Scale and Permanent

1 2 3

Zachos et al. (2001)Millenium Atlas (2003)

Brekke et al. (2000)

Partial or Ephemeral

A n t a r c t i c I c e - s h e e t s

0.7075 0.708 0.7085

Sr87/Sr86

McArthur (pers.comm.)

Foraminifers/Diatoms/Calcareous algae

Siliceousbiofacies(NSR 8A)

T. alsatica(NSR 7B)

A. agterbergi(NSR 7A)

Turrilina alsatica LOSpirosigmoilinella compressa LCODorothia seigliei

Turrilina alsatica LCO

Adercotryma agterbergiAnnectina biedaiRotaliatina bulimoidesReticulophragmium acutidorsataAmmodiscus latusReticulophragmoides jarvisiDWAF LCO (rare) Reticulophragmium amplectensAmmosphaerodina pseudopaucilo-culata

Aulacodiscus insignis var. (sp.3,4,5)Cibicidoides mundulusSiliceous biofacies LCO

Subbolina linapoerta Turborotalia pameroli Globorotalia cerroazulensis (unnamed)

(NSR 6B)

Globigerina officinalis Almaena osnabrugensis

Reticulophragmiumampledens(NSR 6A)

Ammomorginulinaaubertae(NSR 5B)

Reticulophragmiumintermedium(NSR 5A)

Subbotinapatagonia(NSR 4)

Fenestrellaantiqua(NSR 3)

Ammoanitaruthvenmurrayi(NSR 2A)

Reticulophragmiumpauperum(NSR 2B)

Subbotinapseudobulloides(NSR 1)

Reticulophragmium amplectens

Ammomarginulina aubertaeKarrerulina conversaKarrerulina coniformisHaplophragmoides kirki

Recticulophragmium intermediumRecurvoidella lamellaSpiroplectammina navarroana

Subbotina patagonicaPopovia spp.

Fenestrella antiqua

DWAF LCO, incl.Rzehakina minimaHyperammina rugosaSaccamina placentaReticulophragmium pauperuReticulophragmium garcilassoi (rare)Spiroplectammina spectabilis LCO

Cenosphaera lenticularisGavelinella beccariiformisRemesella variansMorozovella pseudobulloidesGlobanomalina cf. compressaSubbotina triloculinoides‘Globigerina trivialisGloboconusa daubjergensis’Globigerina simplicissimum

Marginulopsis decorata Cibicidoides truncanus

Turrilina robertsi Acarinina pentacamerata Acarinina sp.

Planorotolites planoconicus Acarinina densa Acarinina pseudotopilensis Planorotalites australiformis Morozorella formosa gracilisAcarinina soldadoensis Bulimina trigonalis

DWAF (rare)Spiroplectammina dentalia

Gavelinella beccariiformis

Ammoanita ruthvenmurrayiHormosina excelsaLabrospira pacifica (rare)Cystammina sveniConotrochammina voeringensis (rare)Ammoanita ingerlisae (rare)

DWAF = Deep Water Agglutinated Foraminifera

Central North SeaSouthern North Sea(relatively rare)

Dinoflagellate cysts

D. biffii

Distatodinium biffiiMembranophoridium aspinatum

Chiropteridium lobospinosum

S. cornuta

A. semicirculataD. granulata

S. cooksoniae

Spiniferella cornuta

Wetzeliella symmetrica groupThalassiphora pelagica

Phtanoperidinium spp.

Rhombodinium dracoCorrundinium incompositum Areoligera semicirculata Deflandrea granulata

Schizophacus cooksoniaeSamlandia chlamydophoraAchilleodinium biformoides

Areosphaeridium dictyoplokus

A. dictyoplokus Areosphaeridiummichoudii

Heteraulacacysta porosa

RhombodiniummomboideumPhtanoperidiniumdistinctum

DapsilidiniumpseudofiscusoidesCerebrocysta magnaS. placacantha

Hystrichosphaeropsiscostae

Eatonicysta ursulae

Dracodinium condylos

Dracodinium politumDracodinium varielongitudum

Deflandreaoebisfeldensis

Cerodinium speciosumPhelodinium magnificumAlisocysta sp. 2

Apectodinium augustum

Alisocysta margarita

Isabelidinium?viborgenseCerodinium diebelii

Alisocysta reticulata

Senoniasphaera inornata

Carpatella cornuta

Palynodinium grallator

H. porosa

D. colligerum

D. ficusoides- E. ursulae

D. oebisfeldensis

A. augustum

A. margarita+ P. pyrophorum

I. viborgense+ S. magnifica

S. inornata

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

Time(Ma)

Stag

e

Epoc

hO

LIG

OC

ENE

RupelianE

LChattian

28.45

23.02

58.70

61.70

65.50

E

M

L

PALE

OC

ENE

34.00

37.20

40.40

48.60

55.80

Ypresian

Lutetian

Bartonian

PriabonianL

M

E

EOC

ENE

Norges Database

based on: Smelror (pers.com.), Mudge & Bujak (1996), Millenium Atlas (2003)

based on: Gradstein & Backstrøm (1996)

Norwegian Microfossil Zones and Datums

Paleogene sequence and lithostratigraphy of the Northern and Central North Sea

NORLEX - Project(in progress)