PAKSAT-1

Satellite Communication ASSIGNMENT #2

Submitted to: Sir FazalSubmitted by: Ayesha BashirTE47C

PAKSAT-1

Figure 1: PAKSAT-1

PAKSAT-1 was originally known as Palapa C1. It was launched by Hughes Space and Communications Company for Indonesia. Later Indonesia declared the satellite unusable after an electric power anomaly. The insurance claims were paid and the title was transferred to Hughes Space and Communications Company. HGS-3 was then acquired by Pakistan from M/s Hughes Global Services on "Full Time Leasing" and relocated to Pakistan's reserved slot at 38 Degree.

Pakistan's Government approved the acquisition on 3 July 2002 and the deal with Hughes Global Services was agreed on 6 August 2002. The satellite started moving to its new slot on 5 December 2002 and it went through a name change from Anatolia-1 to PAKSAT-1 on 18 December 2002.

After a series of orbital maneuvers, the Satellite was stabilized at its final location on December 20, 2002 with 0-degree inclination. The satellite is in position at the Pakistani-licensed orbital location, 38° east longitude and now serves the country with low-cost, high quality satellite communication services that include broadcasting, broadband connectivity and Internet backbone connectivity amongst others.

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Figure 2: Paksat-1 installed system

Prodelin 3.7 m, LNB Norsat 8215

FeaturesMission type Geosynchronous satellite

Communications SatelliteOperator SATELINDO (1996-1998)

Insurers (1998-1999)Hughes (1999-2000)Boeing (2000—)

Leased to:Kalitel (2000-2002)SUPARCO (2002—)

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Spacecraft properties

Bus HS-601Manufacturer HughesLaunch mass 3,000 kilograms (6,600 lb)Launch date 31 January 1996Rocket Atlas IIASLaunch site Cape Canaveral LC-36BReference system GeocentricRegime GeostationaryInclination 0.0 degreesPerigee 35,600 kilometres (22,100 mi)Apogee 35,600 kilometres (22,100 mi)Period 1,436 minutes

ServicesThe services include satellite communications in both C band and Ku band to customers in Pakistan, Africa and the Middle East. Paksat-1’s 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku band transponders provide total range of satellite communication capabilities.

Payload characteristics

PAKSAT-1’s 30 C-band transponders and 4 Ku band transponders provide the total range of satellite communications capabilities. The satellite is in a geostationary orbit at 38° East Longitude, and carries high power payloads in both bands.

Payload characteristics of PAKSAT-1 are as below:

C-Band Payload CharacteristicsNumber of transponders 24 in standard C-band

6 in extended C-bandRedundancy All redundancy availableChannel bandwidth 36 MHzUplink frequency band 5925 MHz – 6665 MHzDownlink frequency band 3400 MHz – 4200 MHzBeams Southern , Northern regionsBeam connectivity All transponders can be switched

independently to downlink in the southern beam. Many transponders can downlink in the northern beam. All transponders can be switched independently to uplink from either beam.

Polarization Linear cross polarizationEIRP (at peak of beam) 38 dBWG/T (at peak of beam) +2 dB/K

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Ku band Payload CharacteristicsNumber of transponders 4

Redundancy All redundancy availableChannel bandwidth 72 MHzUplink frequency band 13754 MHz – 14486 MHzDownlink frequency band 10954 MHz – 11686 MHzBeams Southern regions, Northern regionsBeam connectivity All transponders can be switched

independently to uplink or downlink in either beam

Polarization Linear colpolEIRP (at peak of beam) 52 dBWG/T (at peak of beam) +5 dB/K

PAKSAT-1 FootprintsPaksat-1 has two beams each in both C and Ku bands i.e., C1, C2 and K1, K2, respectively.

C-band

The C1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly African Continent and Middle East. The C2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East, African Continent, Central Asian States and

Southern Europe.

C1 - Southern Beam EIRP Contours C1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours

C2 - Northern Beam EIRP Contours C2 - Northern Beam G/T Contours

PAKSAT-1 at 38.0°E - C1 footprint: spectrum analysis & measurement results

Figure 3: C1 West-vertical footprint, coverage area: M.East, Africa,part of s. Asia+Europe

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PAKSAT-1 at 38.0°E - C1 footprint : measurements at the center Lučenec_central Slovakia geographical location : Latitude: 48.33° _ Longitude: 19.72° measurement results are derived from the 3.7 m diameter antenna date of measurement : 16.10.2010 elevation angle : 32°

Ku  band

The K1 (Southern Beam) covers mainly Middle East and Eastern Africa. K2 (Northern Beam) covers South Asia, Middle East and Central Asian States.

K1 - Southern Beam EIRP Contours K1 - Southern Beam G/T Contours

K2- Northern Beam EIRP Contours K2- Northern Beam G/T Contours

Applications

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Acquiring a communication satellite has proved to be a prudent decision for a developing country like Pakistan because PAKSAT-1 has played a vital role in key areas of development in Pakistan. PAKSAT-1 has helped expand the communication infrastructure to the remote areas of Pakistan and is being used in projects related to Tele-medicine and Tele-education. The following are the applications of PAKSAT-1:

1. Internet backbone extensionPAKSAT-1 coverage allows operators and service provider’s access to European IP backbone through its partner Teleport in Germany, thus enabling them to offer cost effective IP services for customers in Africa, Middle East, South and Central Asia.

2. Point-to-point data services

3. Remote Internet accessPAKSAT -1 enables businesses highly cost-effective means to deploy mission critical applications, regardless of the location and remoteness of their offices with applications like Web access, corporate networks and Voice over IP.

4. Broadcast services (video and data)The booming media industry in Pakistan seeks to save operational costs but at the same time extend its reach to the remotest of areas of the country. PAKSAT-1 has thus become the ideal option which is why it has the largest and fastest growing Video neighborhood in Pakistan.

5. Business VSAT networksPAKSAT-1 is ideally suited for businesses and enterprises seeking a cost effective and reliable solution for their connectivity requirements. A number of data network operators are successfully using PAKSAT-1 to offer enterprise connectivity solutions in various sectors like banks, oil companies Health, education and construction. These connectivity solutions are based on latest technologies like I-DIRECT, DVB-S2 and DAMA.

6. Thin route telephony supportPAKSAT-1 is increasingly becoming the preferred choice for Mobile and Fixed and WLL network operators, LDIs and DNOPs to provide affordable connectivity for their customers. GSM operators are benefiting from significant cost savings by using PAKSAT for backhaul connectivity to extend their services to rural and remote areas thereby enhancing their competitive edge while keeping their network costs low

7. Shipboard communicationsPAKSAT-1 is also ideally suited for providing low-cost backup / redundancy to submarine cable network traffic.

Since becoming operational in January 2006, PAKSAT International has successfully established a solid customer base for PAKSAT-1 across Middle East, Africa, South Asia and Europe. PAKSAT-1 today has the fastest growing Pakistani TV channel neighborhood. Additionally a number of i-direct and DVB-S2 hubs are using PAKSAT-1 capacity to offer innovative and cost effective data & internet services across Middle East, Africa and South Asia.

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