FEATURES OF EROSION&

FEATURES OF DEPOSITION

RIVERS

A Meander in a river

River erodes on the outside of the bend of the meander and deposits on the inside of the bend.

Deposition

The river’s speeds around the outside of the bend as it cuts its way; the water is much slower on the inside of the bend where mud and silt etc are dropped or deposited.

FEATURES OF DEPOSITION

BEACHESSPITS

Sea

The sea

Coastal Deposition Landforms: Features and Formation

Material that is transported by the waves along a coastline is eventually deposited forming distinctive deposition features.

Sea deposition

Beaches and spits

These are two main deposition features that you need to learn the formation of. These are:

1. Beaches2. Spits

Features of coastal deposition

The main feature of coastal deposition is the BEACH

Beaches Beaches are the main feature of deposition found at the coast, these consist of all the material (sand, shingle etc.) that has built up between the high and low tide mark.

Beaches

The material that makes up a beach comes from…

There are number of different sources of beach material - the main source being rivers, where fine muds and gravels are deposited at the river mouth.

Other sources of beach material include longshore drift (bringing material from elsewhere along the coast); constructive waves (bringing material up the beach from the sea) and from cliff erosion.

As constructive waves build up beaches, they often form ridges in the beach known as berms.

The berm highest up the

beach represents the extent to which the water has reached during high tide, aka the high water mark.

Spits

Spits are long narrow ridges of sand and shingle which project (stick out) from the coastline into the sea.

Longshore drift moves material along the coastline.

A spit forms when the material is deposited (or left behind / dropped).

Over time, the spit grows and develops a hook if wind direction changes further out.

Waves cannot get past a spit, which creates a sheltered area where silt is deposited and mud flats or salt marshes form.

This spit is approximately 20 miles long

Farewell Spit ,

On New Zealand’s South Island

FEATURES OF EROSION

HEADLANDSBAYS

CAVESARCHESSTACKSSTUMPS

Sea

Headlands and bays

HeadlandHeadland BayBay

The headland is the part that remains out in the sea

The bay is the curved or scooped out space that the sea waves eroded

Headlands and bays

Caves, arches, stacks and stumps