PACIFIC CITIZENVOL.16,NO.1. SALTLAKECITY,UTAH, THURSDAY,JANUARY7,1943. Pri ce:FiveCents

WRAtoPushRelocationofEvacueeGroupToSpeedUpClearingProcessasResettlementProgramAccelerated

Th eWarRelocationAuth ori ty'sprogram ofpermanentresettle-mentforevacueesofJapanesean-cestrynow i nrelocationprojectsi sexpectedtobeacceleratedwith -i nth enextfewweek sasofficesareopenedi nCh i cago,Clevelandand i noneoth ermidwesterncity,i twasreportedth i ßweek i nacom-municati onreceivedbyth eJACLfromTh omasHolland,ch i efem-ploymentofficerofth eWRA."Duringth epastsixweek scon-siderablework h asbeendone i nth eWRAWash i ngtonoffice onspeedingup th eclearingprocessforth e applicanton i ndefi ni teleave,"Hollandreported.Itwasstated th atth e WRA

alsoh asofficesi nSaltLak eCityandDenver,i nadditi ontoth osei nth emi dwest.Th epossibi li tyofameetingi nmid-Januaryi nth emidwestbe-tweenth eWRA relocation staffandrepresentativesofcommitteesand i nterestedindi vi dualsforth eexch angeofviewsonth eproposedresettlement program was sug-gested.Holland indi cated th atsincemi d-Novemberth eWRA h adcon-centrated on th eadmini strativemach i neryand i nth eWash i ngtonofficetoorganizeth eprogramofpermanentresettlement."Wearenowreadytomak eupti mei nth eareaswh ereth e j obsteeto)utfound,"h esai d.-Tl*«»statedth atunderth eWRAleaveregulationsth eappli-cantforindefini teleavei si nves-tigatedi n th erelocation centerbyth eWRA,followedbyach eckonreferencesofth eevacueebackath i sformerh ome.Th efi legoestoWash i ngtonandareporti sse-curedforth e i ndi vi dualfrom th eFederalBureauofInvestigati on.Ifth e i nformation from th esevarioussources onanapplicanti ndi catesth ath i srecord i sclearofanyun-American connectionsoractivi ti es,h e i sgiven"leaveclearance"wh i ch means h ei sfreeto leave th e relocation centerwh enh eobtainsa j oboutside.Evacueeswh owanttoleaveth ecentersarebeingencouragedtofile th ei rapplicati onsforleave

clearancewith th eleaveofficeratth e relocation center, i twasstressed."Wewantth emtogetth eclear-

ance process overso th atth eywillbeavailableforemploymentwi th i nafewdaysafterth e j obofferi saccepted,"Hollandsaid.

Nisei Civi lServiceWork ersMayAsk Reinstatement,BeliefCaliforniaOffici alsFear'Costlyliti gati on'AfterEndofWar

SACRAMENTO— Th epossibi l-i ty-disch arged California slatecivi lservicework ersofJapaneseancestrymayseek rei nstatementandback payafterth ewari sbe-i ngdiscussedbyoffici alsofth epersonnelboardandth eboardofequalizati on.Di xwellPierce,secretaryofth «equalizati on board, said unlessstepsaretak entopreventlegalaction,th estatemayfindh erselfinvolvedi ncostlyliti gati onatth eendofth ewar.Heh assuggestedth atth eattorneygeneral'sofficei nvestigateth eproblem.E.WayneMiller,attorneyforth estatepersonnelboard,saidth eformer employees, disch argedsh ortlyafterth estartofth ewarbecauseofth ei rracialancestry,h ave i ndi catedth eywill"figh tforth ei rj obs"afterth ewar. How-ever,Millerisofth eopini onItwillbe i mpossibleforth em tocollectback payeven,i fth eywinrein-statement. Hi said th atwh i leth eyare"interned"th eyarenotavailabletowork forth estateandarenotentitledtocompensation.Th epersonnelboard disch arged

74civi lserviceemployeesofJap-

aneseancestryandth eboardofequalizati on 13. About150pro-bationaryandtemporarywork ersweredismi ssed. AllwereAmeri-canciti zens.Milleri saidth atpendingli ti ga-tioni nSanFrancisco(th eNativeSons case)to prove American-bornJapanesewith dualciti zen-sh i parenotciti zensofth eUnitedStates maybe th eweaponth estatecan usetocounteractpostwarliti gati ppbyth edisch argedemployees.*/.Meanwh i le,civi lservice gear-i ngsagainst«h edisch argedwork -ersarestillpendingbeforeth estatepersonnelboard.

HeartMountainHighVotedTntoWyomingAth leti cAssociati onHEARTMOUNTAIN, Wyo.—Th eHeartMountain h i gh sch ool

wasvotedi ntoth eWyomingHighSch oolAth leti cassociati onatare-centmeetingofth estateboardofath leti ccontroli nCasper.Th eHeartMountainsch oolwillbecomeoneof80Wyomingaighsch ools i nth eassociati on.Membersh i p i nth efederationwasrequestedbyCliffordD.Car-ter,superintendentof"ch ools,wh oi salsoamemberofth estateath -leti cboard.

Story Week

Nisei Parti nArmy'sAfricaDriveAn American-borr & «soldieri sfi gh ti ngf a esofGen.Dwigh tE i nNorth Africa,acco ordreceivedi nNewT /eek .Th esoldieri s j eantPaulSak ai ,formerly- cattle,Wash ,andagraduateofth eUniversityofWash i ngton.Sgt.Sak ai cametoNewYorkCityi n1940.Hewasth esec-ondAmericanofJapanesean-cestryto bedrafted i nNewYork ,enlisti ngi n1941.Hereportedfrom "somewh erei nNorth Afri ca"th ath e h adh adh i s"smallsh areofexcite-mentandadventurewh i ch h asleftalasting i mpression."

"Th ank (Jod,I'mstillh ereInonepiecereadyandwilli ngtosh areth eloadandcarryoutourassignment,"Xcsaid.Sgt.Sak ai sent h i s h elloto"allSeattleites."Th e ni sei soldier's parenrswere evacuated from Seattlewith oth erpersonsofJapaneseancestryto th ePuyallup as-semblycenterandarenow atth eMini dok arelocationcenter.Sgt.Sak ai wasactivei nath -leti cs wh i le i n Seattle,as amemberofth eHi-Starsbask et-ballteam andasapartici panti nanisei baseballleaguei nth eSeattlearea.

NoCaseofSabotagei nHawai i ,SaysVitousek ,Oah uOffici al

JapaneseCarrySh areofCivi li anWarLoad,DeclaresRepresentative

LOSANGELES— Apositi vestatementth atth ereh asbeennocaseofsabotageorfifth -columnactivi tyonth ei slandofOah u(onwh i ch Honolulu andPearlHarborarelocated)bypersonsofJapaneseancestrywasmadei nLos Angeleslastweek byRep.Roy A.Vitousek ,formerSpeak erofth eTerritoryofHa-wai i Ho-se ofRepresentatives!,wh ovi si tedSouth ernCttfi i Wui aonh i sreturntoHawai i afteranoffici altriptoWash i ngton.Vitousek i s ch ai rmanofth eHonoluluCiti zens'Councilandvis-i tedWash i ngtoni nth atcapacity.'Th ereneverh asbeenacaseof

sabotageorfifth -columnactivi tyonOah ubyJapanese,"h eassertedpositi velyi nan i nterviewpublish -ed by th eLos AngelesTimes."SomeJapanesewerei nterned,butcomparativelyfew. Th e curfewlaw appliestoallcivi li ans andeveryonei srequiredtok eepawayfrom mili taryi nstallationsatalltimes,ofcourse.""Th ereh asbeennoth i ngtowar-

rant accusations of disloyaltyamongth eresidentsofth eTer-ritory.Everybodymindsh i sownbusiness."Vitousek saidh edidnotbelieveth eordinaryfunctionsofcivi li anli fecouldh avebeencarriedon i nHawai i i fallpersonsofJapaneseblood h adbeeninterned."Th eJapaneseh avebeendo-i ngth ei rsh areInth eci vi li anwarloadi nth ei slands,contrib-uting enth usi asti callytobloodbank s,bond drives and laborcorps.Th erearesome Japan-ese i nth eOfficeofCivi li anDe-fense setup— mostly i nth efi rst-aiddivi si on."Vitousnk saidh ewouldagainbeacandidateforSpeak erofth eHa-wai i anHousewh enth enewassem-blyconvenes i nFebruary.Vitousek wasalofti n h i sli ttlecabinplaneonth emorningofDec.7wh enJapanesebombersroaredoverOah u.

SecondHawai iEvacueeGroupLandsi nS.F.SANFRANCISCO—Agroupof

443personsofJapaneseancestry,evacuatedfjornth eHawai i anIs-lands,h asarrivedatawestcoastportenroutetoth eJeromerelo-cation centeri n Ark ansas,th eWestern Defense Command an-nouncedSaturday.Th i s .?»■»,a»es«ico}i d,movepveY\tofJapanesefrom Hawai i .InNo-vember100personsofJapaneseancestry,mostlywomenandch i l-dren,wereremovedtoth eArk an-sasrelocationcenterbyorderofLieutenantGeneralDelosC.Em-mons,commandingth eHawai i andepartment.Itwasreportedth atth eyh ad.volunteeredforrelocationi nth eUni tedStates,i nordertoh elprelievecongestedconditi onsInHawai i .

JoeMasaok aWillLeaveforColoradoOnJACLMissi onInordertomeetwi th i nterestedgroupsandindi vi duals i nth eeast-erni ntermountainareaonth ecom-monproblems ofAmericansofJapaneseancestry,JoeG.Masao-k a,ch i efofth eassociatedmem-bersdivi si onofth eNationalJA-CL.willleaveforDenveronJan-uary11.JoeMaaaok a,anativeofth eln-termountainarea,h opestospendonemonth i nth eDenverareabe-forevisi ti ngoth erColorado dis-tricts.HewiHcarryonacampaiemformembersh i ps i n th e associatedmembersdi vi si onwh i leontour.

GallupPollReportsMajori tyOfWestCoastPeopleFavorReturnofCiti zenJapanese

AmericanInstituteofPublicOpini onConductsSurveyonAttitudeonJapaneseProblem;Minori tyWouldDeportEvacuatedPersonsAfterWar

Resultsofarecentsurveybyth eGallupPolli nfivewesternstates,onth equestionwh eth erevacuatedpersonsofJapaneseancestrysh ouldbeallowedtoreturntoth ei rh omesonth ePacifi ccoast,werepublish edi nU.S.newspaperslastweek .Fifty-th reepercentofth epeoplepolledi nCalifornia,Wash -

i ngton,Oregon,ArizonaandNevada,favoredth ereturnofciti -zensofJapaneseancestrytoth ei rformerh omes,accordingtoth eGallupreport.Twenty-fourpercentwouldallowonlyciti zens

toreturn,wh i le29percentwouldpermitalltoreturn.Th i rty-onepercentwouldallow

nonetoreturn,wh i leth eoth er16percentwas "undecidedatpres-ent.""Oneofth eburningpublicques-tionsalongth ePacifi c coastatpresenti swh eth erth e Japanesewh o were evacuated from th ecoastareash ouldbepermittedtoreturnafterth ewari sover,"th eGallupPollstated i nannouncingi tsresults."Iti sth ek i ndofquestionon

wh i ch th estateofpublicopi ni onh asamosti mportantbearing,becauseth esolutiontoth eprob-lemwilldependi nlargemeasureonth erelativeamountofh os-tili tyi nth ewesternstatesmostconcerned,"th esurvey groupdeclared.Itwasreportedth ata"fairlyovendivi si onofopini ononth epartofth epublic i nth efive states"wasdisclosedbyth etestingofviewsonth equestion.Th eAmericanInstituteofPub-li cOpini on,conductorsofth eGal-i i h > roll,aiso samplednationalopini ononth equestion.Nationally,61percentofth e

personspolleddeclaredth atth eywouldallowciti zenstoreturn,wh i le85percentwouldallowalltoreturn to th ei rwestcoasth omes. "Reportssh owth atth ecountryasawh olei smoretoler-antth anth eresidentsofth ewesternareaalone,"th eGallupreportcommented.Onth enationalpoll17percenwouldallownonetoreturnWh i le22percentwereundecided.Th e Gallupgrouppointedoutth atciti zensoutnumbered alienstwotoone,amongpersonsofJap-aneseancestryevacuatedfrom th ecoast.Ofth epersons i nth ewestern

areaopposedtoth ereturnofanypersonofJapaneseancestry,ap-proximatelytwo-th i rds th ough 1th atth e"Japanese"sh ouldbesen'back toJapan. "Th elegalbasisforsuch action i snotclear: i twouldprobablytak eanactofCon-gress,"th eGallupgroupsaid.Th eremainderofth oseopposing th ereturnofJapaneseth ough tth eysh ouldbelefti n i nlandareas.Inordertodetermineth egen-eralsocialattitudeofwestcoastresident*towardpersonsofJapa-neseancestry,repreesntativeso:th e AmericanInstituteofPublicOpini onalsoask edrespondersi:th eywouldh i reJapaneseasser-vantsafterth ewarandwh eth erth eywouldbewilli ngtotradeatstores operated by JapaneseTwenty-fourpercentrepliedth ath eywould h i reJapanese,wh i le60percentwereopposedandth eremainderundecided.Th i rty-eighpercentsaidth eywouldtradeastoresoperatedbyJapanese,wh i l«68percentwereopposed.Th eGallupPol]alsonotedth a"th rough outth e western area'th erewasalmostunanimousap-provalofth eArmy'sactioni neva-cuatingth eJapanese"andsendingth emtodetentioncamps."

Nisei Enli stsInUnitedStatesCoastGuard

NEW YORK— Tosh i oSh i m-abuk uro,anAmerican-h ornJap-enese,recentlyenlisted i nth eU.S.CoastGuardService.A j uni oratSpringfi eldCol-

lege,Massach usetts,h ereceivedh i sappointmenttobegintrain-i ng th i smonth atManh attanBeach ,NewYork .Sh i mabuk uro,borni nHawai i ,was aformerath lete i n th ei slands,andalsoplayedforanisei bask etballteam i nSanFrancisco.

CalifornianMaySeek Inquiryon[EvacueeCampsNewRep.Joh nsonCallsForInvestigati onofRelocationbyCongress

WASHINGTON— LeroyJoh n-son ofStock ton, Calif.,newlyelectedRepublicanrepresentativefrom th e3rd congressionaldis-trict,declaredh erelastweek th ath emayi ntroducearesolutioncall-i ngforsweepingi nvestigati onofwarrelocationcentersforJapan-eseciti zensandaliensevacuatedfrom th ewestcoast.Joh nsonwassworni nth i sweekforh i snew congressionalpost.Th enewcongressman,wh osuc-

ceedstoth eseatofth elateRep.Frank Buck wh odiedduringth eelectioncampaign,wasreportedto h avealreadymadeapersonali nqui ryi ntoth eoperationofth ecenters.

Launch Co-opAtManzanarCommunityEnterprisesTransferredtoNewCooperativeGroup

MANZANAR,Calif.— With th eunanimous approvalofth e 15membersofth eBoardofDirectors,th etransferofth eManzanarCom-munityEnterprisestoth eCooper-ativeEnterpriseswastransactedatameetingh eldonDec.28,ac-cordingtoth eFreePress.Itwasstatedth atth etransfer

mak esManzanarth efirstofth erelocationcenterstoh aveapeo-ple'scooperative.Th e transfer was affectedth rough th esignaturesofDennisSh i mi zu and Frank Hirash i ma,representingth e i ni ti alCommun-i tyEnterprisesandTaizoInazu,president,andGeorgeSMnno,sec-retary,ofth ecooperative.

TwoGilaResidentsToTeach atMich i ganRIVERS, Ariz.—MasatoInouye

andTak eoTadaofGilaRiversleftth i scenterDecember26for-AnnArbor,wh ereth eywillbeemployedasi nstructorsatth eUniversityofMich i gan.

PressBulletinCh angesNameto"PressCh roni cle"( j ■POBTON,Aria.— Th ePostonPressBulletinlastweek becameth e"PostonCh roni cle."Alth ough nowappearing;i nmim-

eoform,th enew"Ch roni cle"i sexpected sh ortly to become aprintednewspaper.

GovernmentSeek stoDismi ssKorematsuTestCase,SaysAmericanCivi lLibertiesUnion

SANFRANCISCO—Th eAmer-i canCivi lLi bertiesUnionreport-ed th i s -week th atth e Uni tedStates Attorney General forNorth ernCalifornia, pursuant'toinstructionsreceivedfromth eAt-torneyGeneral,h asfi ledamotiontodismi ssth eappeali nth eFredT.Korematsu Japanese evacua-tiontestcasenowbeforeth eUni t-edStatesCi rcui tCourtofAppeals.Th e ACLU's San Franciscomonth lynewspublicati onstatedth atth e governmentcontendsth erei snofinalj udgmenttoap-pealfrom,becauseth etri alcourtplacedKorematsu on probationforfiveyearsandth erebysus-pendedanyrigh ttoappeal.Itwasstatedth atth emotionwillbearguedbeforeth eCi rcui tCourtonJanuary19.Th eACLUannounced,ascourt'representativeforKorematsu,nowatth eTopaz,Utah ,relocationcen-ter,th ati twouldbeatravestyonj usti cei fafterbeingfoundguiltyofcommitti nganoffenseadefend-antwerenotgivenanopportunityofclearing h i srecordbyappeal."Th i si sparticularlytruei nth eKorematsucase,"assertedth eUn-i on,-"becauseth edefendantdidnotapplyforth eprobationth atwasgivento h i m,but,instead,Inor-dertoi nsureth erigh tofappeal,h i s counselunsuccessfully urgedth efixi ngofafineorth ei mposi -tionofa j ai lsentence.""Itoccurstoth eUni onth atper-h apsth eGovernmenti safraidtoallowth eMili tary'sevacuationofcivi li ans,wh oareciti zensofth eUnitedStates,tobetestedon i tsmerits,oth erwi sewh ysh ouldth eU.S.Attorneyresorttoatech -nicali tyi nanefforttodefeatth eappeal,"th e ACLU News com-mented.Th eUni onaddedth ati twasi n-

clinedtoth eyjewth atth eGovern-menti sstalling■fortime i nth eh opeofpreventingafinaldeter-mi nati onofth ecaseuntilafterth ewar,i norderth atth eremaybe nopresenti nterferencewith

ACLUNewsDescribesMovesasAttempttoPreventFinalDeterminati onofCourtTestOnEvacuationUntilAfterEndofWar

wh atth eUni oncontendsi san"un-constituti onalexerciseofpower."Th eACLUNewsreportedth atPresidi ngJudgeCurtisWi lburre-fusedtosignanorderpresentedbyth eU.S.Attorneyextendingth eti metoanswerth ebri effi ledi nKorematsu'sbeh alf.Th eGov-ernment'sbriefwillbe fi ledbyJanuary,wh i leKorematsu'sfinalbriefwillbefi ledbyJanuary18,th edaybeforeth emotiontodis-miss i sargued.Th eACLU Newsalsoreportedth atth eU.S.Attorney i nSanFranciscowasalsoattemptingtoh aveth eMitsuyeEndotestcase,nowpendingbeforeU,S.Distri ctJudgeMich aelRoch e,testingth erigh tofth eGovernmenttodetainciti zens of Japanese extractiononceth eyh avebeenremovedfrommili tary areas,dismi ssed on atech ni cali ty.Th eACLU officei nSanFran-ci scosaidth atan affidavi t h asbeenh andedtoJudgeRoch e,with -outbeingfiledwith th eclerk ofth ecourt,allegingth atMissEn-do'spetiti onsh ouldbe dismi ssedbecausesh e h asnotexh austedh eradmini strativeremedybeforecom-i ng i ntocourt. Th eACLU saidth at"th eyallegeth atMissEndocan secure h erreleasebyapply-i ng forafurlough ,butfailtopointoutth atsuch regulationswerenoti neffectwh enth epeti-tionwasfiled."WayneM.Collins,representa-tiveofth eCi vi lLibertiesUnionfi ledh i sbri efi nth eKorematsucaseonDec.9. Th e argumentcovers more th an 113 printedpages. Th ebri efcontends th ailegislativepowerwasusurpedandexecutivepowerabused i norder-i ngth eexclusionofanyandallpers&ns from mili taryareas i nth eUnited States. Th e ACLUsaidth atth ebri efpointsoutth atmartiallawdoesnotprevailonth ePacifi cCoastandth ati nftsabsenceth emili taryh asnopowerovercivi li ans.

GallupPollResultsExonerative,SaysSeattleTimesEditori alSEATTLE,Wash .— Inacom-mentuponth epublicopi ni onsur-veyconductedbyth eGallupPolli nfivewesternstatesonth equestionofwh eth erornottoallowevacuat-edpersonsofJapaneseancestrytoreturntoth ei rwestcoasth omesafterth ewar,th eSeattleTimessaidi ni tsleadeditori alonDec.30"itwasunli k elyth atth epeopleofth i sareawillreach fi nalconclu-sionsuntilth ewari sended."Th eTimessaidth at"preponder-entopini oni ndi catedbyth i sfi rstpolli sexonerative,nottosaylen-i ent;certainly less h arsh th anmigh th avebeenexpected.", ."Th edi vi si onbetweenth osewh owouldletallandth osewh owouldletnonereturni sclose.Th efactth at16percentofth osepolledareundecidedalsoi ssigni fi cant.Th epollreflectsapresentstate ofpublicmind—with h atredofJapani tselfstillattopbent,yetnotatalldearlyanimati ngregardforth eJapanesewh oh avemadeth ei rh omes i nth esestates,much lessforth egreaternumberwh o,byconstituti onallaw,areourfellowciti zens."Ofth osepolled,asigni fi cantfactwasth atonly31percentwasdefini telyopposedtoth ereturnofanypersonofJapaneseancestry.

CanadianNiseiEnlistsi nReserveArmySignalCorpsKASLO,B.C.— HarryMiya-zawa,well-k nownVancouvernisei ,wh oevacuatedtoOntario prov-i ncerecently,h as j oi nedth esig-nalcorpsunitofth eCanadianRe-servearmyand i stak i ngtraini ngtwiceweek ly.Formerlyemployed i n h i s fath er'scleaningplantinVancouv-er,Miyasawai snowemployedin

"cleaningplantinSudbury,On-

tario.Mifafawawasalicensedradiooperator i n Vancouver.

NewYork Ni seiHelpEntertainInterneeGroupNEW YORK— Ch ri stmaswasnotforgotten among th eli ttlegroupofJapanese i nterneesonEllisIsland.Rev.A.S.Ak amatsuofth eJapaneseMeth odi stCh urchledagroupfromth eYoungPeo-ple'sSocietytoentertainth emonCh ri stmasDay.Inth elargewh i tetiledreceptionroom,atreedecoratedwith si lverytinsel,glass balls,and coloredligh tsgreetedth esolemnizedfacedinternees.Carolssungbyth ech oi rsoon h adth ei nternees i nagayh oli dayspiri tasmany j oi ned i nth esingi ng. Kazuk oTaj i tsu,stu-dentatth e Jui lli ardSch oolofMusicplayedseveralvioli nnum-bers.Th osegoingtoth e"Island"toentertainwere MaryNagatosh i ,Mrs.Ei Suzuk i ,Mrs.Haruk oAk -amatsu,Jack Hata,Kazuk oTaj i t-su,Sh i zuNak ata,MarieMorisawa,andRev.A.S.Ak amatsu.Followingth eprogram,th ede-tai nedJapaneseh adth ei rCh ri st-masdinnerofturk eywi th allth etrimmi ngs.

AbeSaitoElectedHeadofBoiseJACLBOISE,Idah o—AbeSaitoofOn-tario,Ore.,waselectedpresidentofth eBoi seValleych apteratth eannualelectionofofficersh eldonDecember27atth eCaldwellFSAcamp. \Oth erofficerselectedareasfol-lows:ManabuYamada,vicepresi-dent;Mrs.GeorgeHash i tani ,sec-retary; Kay Irouye,treasurer;MacYamamoto,h i stori an.GeorgeHash i tani willrepresentth ech ap-terasoffici aldelegate.Th emeetingwasfollowedbyabuffetsupper.

Masaok atoVisi tRelocationProjectsi nIntermountainArea

Proposedvisi tstoth reewar're-locationcenters i nth e i ntermourt-tainareaduringth emonth ofJan-uarywereannouncedth i sweek byMi k eMasaok a,nationalsecretaryofth eJACL.Masaok awillbeaccompaniedon

th etripsbyHitoOk ada,nationaltreasurerand h eadofth eactivemembersdivi si on.Accordingtoth etentativei ti n-erary,th epairwi llvisi tTopazfromJan.15-17,Minj dok aJan.225--24andHeartMountainJan.29-31.Masaok a alsuh opes to visi tGranadaandth eVtwo Ark ansascenterson h i stripeasti nFebr-uary. ;.-'.?At'th erelocation centersMas-

aok awi j lreport'toJACLmem-mersonth ework ofth enationalorganizati on. A meetingwi llbesch eduledi fsuch ameetingi sde-sired,bycenterresidents.Dr.CarlHirota,KayHiraoandHenri Tani willbe i nch argeofarrangementsforth emeetingi nTopaz, wh i le James Sak amoto,MiltonMaedaand-Dr.GeorgeTaniwillh andledetailsofth eMi ni dok avi si t.HenryMitarai,BillHos-ok awaandHowardNomurawillcompriseacommitteetoarrangeforameetingandoth erdetailsatHeartMountain.Th e h ope was.expressedth atth esevi si tswouldh elptoclarifyanyquestionsregardingth e Na-ti onalJACL'awork andi tspolicyofpromotingpermanentresettle-mentofth eevacuees;

'JapaneseInvasion'WorriesWash i ngtonHotelManager

WASHINGTON—A worriedh otelmanagerteleph onedArmyi ntelligencelastweek aftersixmen, i n Army uniforms,march edi nandregisteredas:Corp.G.Fuj i k awa.Pvt.S.Watanabe.Sgt.K.Yosh i tomo.Pvt.Y.Tak enouch i .Pvt.R.Ik awa.Corp.F.Sh i adsu.Hefeltbetter,accordingtoa

PM correspondent,wh en as-suredCh atth esi xmenwereAmericans,born i nth eHawai-i an Islands,andstationed atSch ofi eldBarrack sth erewh enPearlHarborwasattack ed.Th emenweremembersofth e100thInfantryBattalionwh i ch h asbeen i ntrai ni ngatCampMc-Coy i nWisconsin.Th eywerevisi ti ngWash i ngtonon h oli dayfurlough .

CanadaPlansResettlementOfEvacueesReallocationProgramWillBeUndertak eni n"ftrairi eProvinces

KASLO,B.C.— Inaprogramparallelingth enew program foroutside resettlementofa largenumberofUnitedStatespersonsofJapaneseancestrynow i nU.S.relocationcenters,th eNew Can-adi anreportedth atstepsareal-readybeingtak entoarrangeforatransferofasmanyevacuatedCanadiansofJapaneseancestryfrom i nteriorh ousi ngprojectsi ni solatedareasofeasternBriti shColumbiatoth eprairi eprovincesandtoQuebec.Th e New Canadian, week lynewspaperpublish edbyJapaneseCanadians,declaredth atth i s"re-allocationph ase"wi llbe push edforCanadianevacuees from th efirstofth eyearandopportunitywi llbeprovidedallph ysi callyfiti ndi vi dualsandfamili estotrans-ferto permanentrelocation i neasternCanada.Itwasstatedth atth eevacueeswillbelocatedi n"anyofth esmalltowns orciti esacross Canadawh ereth eycanbeassimi lated."Inlinewith th i smoveth eDo-mini on Governmentrecently ap-pointedGeorgeCollinsofWinne-pegasth esupervisorofth i sre-allocationprogram,succeedingth eBri ti sh Columbia Security Com-mi ssi on i ndealingwi th th eprob-lemsofth eevacuees.

"Ch ri stmasBaby"BornatJeromeDENSON,Ark .—Jeromereloca-ti oncenterwelcomeda"Ch ri stmas'baby"with th ebirth ofababygi rlat5:15a.m.onCh ri stmasdaytoMr.andMrs.KanaeYama-guch i .*■'Th ebabyweigh edsixpounds,14ouncesatbirth .Sh ei sth ath i rdch i ldofth eYamaguch i s.Attend-i ngph ysi ci anwasDr.KazuoMiy-amoto.

Mili taryPermissi onNeededtoTransferConvictFromJailSACRAMENTO— Ittook WKmissi onfrom mili taryauth ori ti es)lastweek totransferone'Ofth efewJapanesenotevacuatedfromCalifornia,GeorgeSato,60,acon-victatFolsomprison,toth eSac-ramentocityj ai l.Satoh ad j ustbenreleasedfrom

Folsom afterservingafive-yearsentenceforficti ti ousch eck s.De-tectiveA.J.Soulieswaswaiti ngatth e gate,anoth erfi cti ti ousch eck swarrant,filedagainstSatowh i le h ewasstilli nFolsom,i none h and,andaletterfrom th emili taryi nth eoth er,grantingper-mi ssi ontotak eth eJapaneseforia20-mile j aunttoth eSacramentocity j ai l,th rough an areafromwh i ch personsofJapaneseances-tryh avebeenproh i bi ted.

TopazVolunteersAidi nMillardScrapMetalDriveTOPAZ,Utah — Forty-fivevol-unteersfrom th eTopazRelocationCenterassisted i n th e MillardcountyscrapmetaldriveTuesday,acocrdingtoClaudeCornwall,di-rectorofemploymentandh ousi ng.Twocarloadsofscrapwerecol-lectedandloadedonfreigh tcars.Twenty-five more volunteerswenttogath erscraptoday,ac-cordingtoCornwall. Hotlunch eswerepreparedforth evolunteersbyth eLDSch apelofth eSecondwardatDelta.Th i swasth esecondtimeth at

residentsofTopazaided i nth eMillardcountyscrapmetaldrive.OnNovember8,50tonsofscrapmetalwerecollectedby170volun-teers.

BoysTownMeth odsRecommendedforNewellDelinquentsNEWELL,Calif.—lnstituti onofj uveni lecourts,curfew h oursand"Boys'Town"meth odsofh avi ngboystryth ei rowncases wereamongrecommendationsmadebyTuleLak ewardleadersatmeet-i ngscalled j oi ntlyby th eCityCounciland th e Ci tyPlanningBoardtodiscuss j uveni le delin-quencyatth i scenter.Meetingswere h eldsi multane-

ously i n sevenwardsth rough outth ecity.Oth er recommendations In-

cluded: Buildi ngofadetentionh ouse,i ncreasedrecreationalfacil-i ti es,designationofsch oolzonesand restricti ons,regulations re-gardingth esezones;asch oolcom-mitteepatternedafterth eParent-Teach erassociati on;asystematicprogram ofcommunity,educationonsocialproblems."Itcannotbe overemph asi zedth atth epassingofordinancesandprosecutionofi nfractionsofth eselawsaremech ani calandsimple,"anoffici alwasquotedag*savingi nth eTuleanDispatch renortonth emeeting,"butth ei reffective-ness requires th e wh oleh eartedback i ngofth ecommunity."

RestHomePlannedForPostonPatientsPOSTON,Ariz.— Plansforaresth omeforth eagredandforch roni ccases h avebeenapprovedatPoston,reportsth eCh roni cle.Th eplan*werepresentedby.th n

SocialWplfareCommitteeofth eUni tTI,CommunityCouncil.Th e201blocVwas■dosicnatpri forth eh ome. Th eresth omewillpllevi-ateth eovercrowded h ospi tnlaMIwillh avefacili ti estocar?i °T75patients.

TimelyTopics

BySABUKO KIDO ~

PostonObservesADustyCh ri stmasCh ri stmasDaywasverydusty.Itwasfortunateformostofth eblock sth attKedinnerpartywash eldi nth eafternoon. Oth erwi se,th efoodwouldh avebeencoveredwith dust,forth ewi ndblewatamerrypace.Th ech urch esofAmericaareto-dayreceivi ngth e h eartfeltth ank softh ech i ldrenandth ei rparentsi nallth erelocationcenters.Ifth egiftsh adnotbeenreceivedfromth ek i ndfriends*onth eoutside,th ei uleti dewouldh avebeen j ustasadmemoryofdaysgoneby.ButSantaClauscamewith h i sloadofpresentstoeveryblock togladdenth eh eartsofth oseunder15yearsofage.Ifth esefri endsh adseenth e h appyfacesofth cch i ldren,th eywouldk now th atth ei rges-turewasbeingfullyappreciated.Toth osewh ostoodbyasmereobservers,th e i mportantmessagewasth atth ose i nth erelocationcenters h avenotbeenforgotten.Th i s i sofgreatsigni fi cancetoth oseci ti zenswh oh avebeenwon-deringwh atwastobecomeofth emandwh atth ei rfuturewaß tobei nth i scountry.Th erei snodoubtth atanew h opeandcourage h asbeengiventooneandall.Th eJACLdidasplendidj obi nth i sCh ri stmasproject.Th escopeofi tswork sh ouldbei mpressedonth ose i nth ecentersth rough th i sCh ri stmasproject.Th escopeofi tswork sh ouldbei mpressedonth oseundertak i ngalone.Manyaccom-plish mentswillremainforh i storytorelatebecauseth eywi llnotbedivulgedatth i sdateforfearth atth eanti-Japanese elements willtak eadvantage.Th ework i sbeingsteadilypush edforward.Andi ti sgoingtomak eth eci ti zensrealizeth atunitedefforti soursalvationi nreconstructingourfuturei nth i scountry. ■-v --"- [■■_,rExperiencesTryingForJACLh eadersNineteenforty-twowill'beamatterofh i storysoon.Asfaras

weAmericanciti zensofJapaneseancestryareconcerned,i twillberecordedasoneof,th e dark estyears.Th ere i snodenyingth atth ecourseofeventsh aveembit-teredalargenumbersinceevacu-ation,andth eli fe i nth ecentersh aswork edtremendoush ardsh i psandfinancialloss.Th efeelingoffrustrationh as i ncreasedwith th edaysandmonth s.Toth eJACLleaderswh ofol-lowedth epeoplei ntoth eassem-blyandrelocationcenters,th eex-perience h as been mosttrying.Manyh avewonderedi fallth esac-rifi cesth eymadetoprotectth ewelfareofth epeopleWasworth -wh i le.Th eyh avebeenth etargetsofcriti ci smaswellasph ysi calvio-lence.Iti spossibleth atth i sani-mositywasarousedbecuaeofth eh ardsh i psresultingfromth edis-,ruptionanduprootingfromnormallife. 'Arequestwas'made forth e

leaders toremain tillth e lastgrouph adbeenevacuated.Iti stoth ecreditofth esemenandwom-enth atth eyremainedtruetoth ei rduties.Wh ath astranspiredsincecomingi ntoth ecenterswi llbean-oth erch apteri nth i swarstoryofth emassevacuationofJapanesefromth ePacifi ccbast.

Nisei LeadersSh ouldLead i nResettlementNowanewproblem i sfacing

th esesameleaders.Th eWEApol-i cyh asbeendecidedasrelocationofth eresidentsofth ecentersi nth e"freearea."Th ecentersneedleadersh i p.Sh ouldth eleadersre-mainbeh i ndorsh ouldth eygooutfirst?,Th rough myownexperience;at

PostonsinceJuly,Iwanttoaskallourleaderstobeth evanguardofresettlement. Somemay h avetoleaveth ei rfamili esbeh i ndforth eti mebeinguntilth eycanes-tablish th emselvesi n.anewcom-munity. Buti fweh ave-tostartanew,th ech ancesarebetterwh i leth enationi si ndireneedofman'nower. Th eclearancewh i ch wi j lbegivenbyth eFBIwillgiveas-surancetoth epublicth atwearenotdangeroustoth egeneralwel-fare.

Th ursday,January7,1943,PACIFICCITIZEN2

Inagak i WillLeaveforEastToLaunch JACLResettlement

WillSetUpCh i cagoFieldOfficetoAidRelocationProgram

GeorgeInagak i ,ch i efresettle-mentofficerofth eNationalJACLwillleaveSaltLak eCi tyonSat-urday,Jan.9,forth eeasttoi ni ti ateaprogramofresettlementtorloyalevacueesi ncooperationwi th th egovernmentandwith re-ligi ousandsocialwork organiza-tions.

Th eJACLoffici alwillattendameeting i nCh i cago i nmid-Janu-aryatwh i ch ti memembersofth eWarRelocationAuth ori ty'sreset-tlementgroupwillmeetwith rep-resentativesof i nterestedgroupstodiscussproblemsconcernedwithtnepermanentrelocationprogram.Alteravisi ttoWash i ngtonto

discussresettlementproblemswi thgovernmentoffici als,Inagak i wi llreturntoCh i cagowh ereh ewillsetupth efirstJACLfieldofficex'orpermanent i ndi vi dualreloca-ti on. Th eJACL Ch i cago officewillcooperatewith both offi ci alandprivateagencies concernedwith tneproblem,i twasstated.Oth erJACLfieldofi i ceswillbesetupi nDenver,St.PaulandCin-ci nnati topressth eresettlementprogram,i twasdeclared.Inagak i expressedth e h opeth aith eresettlementprogramwillbei noperationbeforeth eend ofFebruary.

atWORLDatPRESS-TIMERussianFrontA developingSovietcounter-offensive,from i cebound Lak eLadogatoth emountainsofth eCaucasus,alongth eentireRussianfront,th i sweek deli veredastun-ningblowtoAdolfHitler'sdreamofmasteryi ncontinentalEurope.Th e fast-moving Soviet driveth reatened totrapsometwentydivi si onsofNazisi mmobi li zedatStalingradandstruck fearintoth esecretcouncilsofth eGermanh i ghcommand. Inth e north Veli k iLuk i ,anch orpointonth eNazieasternSiegfriedline,felltoth eRed Army. Inth e south "RedArmycolumns enteredKotelni k -ovsk i ,push edon towardRostov.Asth ecrescendo"offigh ti ngmount-ed, th e Soviet-German battle-groundremained,th eworld'sNo.1front.

WarWeekTh e war's h eadli neswerenotconfinedtoth eeasternfront,ortoNorth Africawh ereth ebattlegoesonforTunisi aandwh ereth eBri ti sh Eigh th Armywas stillch asi ng th e once-proud Afri k aKorpsofMarsh alRommel. Th erewas i ntermittentfigh ti ng i nth eSolomons,wh ere th e battleforGuadalcanal,ani slandth esizeofAmerica'sLong Island,wasstilli n progress. And i nAustralianewspaperspublish edreportsth atth ebiggestarmada.tobesentin-toth esouth westPacifi cbyth eJapaneseenemywasreportedmis-singsomewh erei nth egreatocean-i cn%-man'slandnorth eastofth eland"dpwnunder." And i nNewGuineaAlliedforcesreportedvic-toryi nth ebattleforBuna.

LegislatorsAth ometh enewlegislativeyear

wasi ni ti atedasth e78th Congressmeti ni t'sfirstsessionsandnewstate'governmentswere i nstalled.EarlWarrenreplacedCulbertOl-son as governor'ofCalifornia,wh i leTom.Dewey,th egang-busterwasi nstalledi nth eexecutiveman-sionatAlbany.Ofspeciali nter-esttoCalifornia'sevacuatedciti -

'zensofJapaneseancestrywasth epossibi li tyth atth enewCalifornialegislaturewouldseemanybills,specifi callyaimedatpersonsofJapaneseancestry,tossed i n i tslegislativeh opper.InWash i ngtonanew congressmanfrom Stock ton,conservative Leroy Joh nson,de-clared th ath i sfi rstoffici alactwouldbearequestforacongres-sionali nvestigati onofU.S.warrelocation centers However, i t:wasbelievedth atCongresswouldh aveoth er,andbiggerfish tofry....Th enewU.S.Congress",i nwh i ch Republicans.h ave almostone-h alfofth erepresentation,th ebiggest'forth eG.0.P. (sinceHooverandach i ck eni neverypot,i ndi catedacertainoutwardunityonquestionsrelatingtoth ewar.

'Republicans, i t was expected,-wouldh oldth ei rfireondomesticNewDeallegislation and policyuntil1944'spresidentiafelection.

♦ ♦ *.

VictoryTaxAnew"victorytax"of5 per-

centonsalariesoverf!2aweekwenti ntoeffectandth eonlylargegroupofAmericansunconcernedby th enew tax(andth eforth -comingj i cometax)wereth eevac-ueesi n-th ewarrelocationcenterswh ereth etopcash allowance i s$19month ly....Th epeopleasa,wh oletook th eannouncementofforth comi ngrationi ngofallcan-ned,processedordriedfoods i nstrideandth erewerefew instan-cesofrunsonstores..""♦ "Th eU.8.StateDepartmenti s-

suedi ts"wh i tebook "ofdiplomat-i cnegotiati onsforth epastdecade,with emph asi sonU.S.-Japaneserelationsduringth atperiod.Th e"wh i tebook "revealed th utearlyi n 1&41 Ambassador Grew h adwarnedfromTok yoofadangerofaJapanesemassattack onPearlHarbor.

Nisei EvacueeLeaderDiesAtGilaCenterUnexpectedDeath ofTsuneoNoguch i FollowsBriefIllness,Report

RIVERS, Ariz.—TßuneoNogu-ch i ,formerch ai rmanofth ecom-munitycouncilatTulareAssemblyCenteranaactiveJACLleaderoxtnePasadenach apter,diedatth eunaRelocationCenterh ospi talonuecemberZHfollowingabriefi ll-ness. Hisunexpecteddeath cameasacompletesh ock toh i sfam-i lyandfriendswh orecallh i sac-tivepartici pati oni ncommunityaf-fai rsonlyash ortti meago.Calledto h i sbedsidebecauseofh i s criti calconditi on were twooroth ers,SergeantTak aNoguch iofFortLeonardWood,Mo.,andTech ni calSergeantHideoNoguch iofCampRobinson,Ark .,andh i sfiancee,MissFlorenceSuzuk i ofGranadaRelocationCenter.Mr.Noguch i ,k nowntoh i smanyfriendsas"Tuna'wasanativeofReno,Nev.,butlivedi nPasa-denafrom 1925untilevacuation.Heservedasauditorofth ePasa-dena ch apterJACLandatth eearlyageof27waselectedtoth ech ai rmansh i pofth eTulareAssem-blyCentercouncil,wh i ch repre-sentednearly10,000evacuees.Survivi ng h i m are h i s twobroth ers i nth earmedforcesandh i smoth erandfath eri nth eGi laRelocationCenter.

Nisei SoldiersGuestsAtNewYear'sPartyHeldi nMinnesotaST.PAUL,Minn.—Th efirstSt.

Paulnisei groupgave a NewYear'sEvepartyinth eInterna-tionalInstituteclubroom i n St.Paulwith ani nformalbuffetsup-per, entertainment,cards anddancing..-«'-";Two*h undred guestß attended.Nisei soldiersfrom CampSavageandFortSnellingwerepresent.Th efollowingwerecreditedwithth esuccessofth eaffair: BaerKawak ami ,masterof.ceremonies;GraceSh i oyaandAi k qKami k awa,program;PerryFuruk i ,KayIk edaandMrs.Tok i Kawak ami ,food;JoanandTom Kobuch i , decora-ti ons. ■

Mrs.Ruth Tambara,secretaryatth eYWCA i nSt.Paul,made ar-rangementsforth eparty. „.LocalMillsTurn

OutLumberforJeromeCenterDfcNSON,Ark .—Alreadybeingusedforconstructionwork atth eJeromerelocationcenteri slumberprocessedatth elocalsawmill,re-parts"Communique.:■,

Minori tyReportofL.A.CountyGrandJuryAttack sAttemptToRevok eNisei Citi zenRigh ts

"SeriousFactualError"i nImperialCounty'sResolutionPointedOut i n StatementIssued by Non-ConcurringMembersofGrandJury.

LOS ANGELES—Th emi nori tyreportofth eLosAngelesCountyGrandJury,statingfailuretoconcurinth emajori tyresolutionpassedbyth egrandj uryrelativetoalienandnative-bornJapanesei nth estateofCalitornia,declaresth at"towritei ntoth efederalconstituti onaprovisi onexceptingfrom th eoperationofth efourteenth amendmentpersonsofJapanesede-scentwouldstri k eatth everyfoundations ofth econstituti onandi twouldopenth edoortosubsequentandsimi larexceptions."Th eLosAngelesCountygrandj urysresolutionoccurredwith aresolutionpassedbytneImpe-rialcounty grand j ury,wh i chseek slegislativeactiontopro-h i bi tanypersonofJapanesean-cestry, alien or native-born,from occupying agriculturallandsi ntnestate.Th e minori tyreport,firstre-leasedbyHarrybravemanofth e\u>a Angeies grand j ury, anauatedDecemberc,pointsouta"se-rioustactualerror"intneorigi nalresolutionpassedbyth egrandj uryofImperialcounty. Tnisresolu-ti on,i twasstatea,carriedastate-mentth ataserioussituationcon-lrontsth epeopleofCalifornia''byreasonoftnepresenceofupwaraofonemini onalienandnative-bornJapanesei nth estateofCali-fornia."Th eminori tyreportstatesth at'atnptime"i ntne h i storyofth e Uni tedStates h ave th erebeenonemilli onalienornative-bornJapanesei nth eUnitedStatesand"such anegregiouslyerrone-ousassumptioni ntneorigi nalres-olutionissoseriousastonotonlyviti ate th e conclusions drawntnerefrom,buttoi ndi cateadegreeofh yßteria."Th eminori tyreport,■"addressedtoth egrand j ury,CountyofL.OBAngeles,declaredasfollows:"Th e undersigned, h avi ngfailedtoconcuri naresolutionpassedbyth emajori tyofth egrandj uryofLosAngelescoun-tytorth eyear1942,relativetoai i enandnative-b»rn Japanesei nth eStateofCalifornia, h erebysubmitth efollowing minor-i tyreport:."1.Th eresolutionadopted byth egrandj uryofLos Angelescounty i s i neffectconcurrence maresolutionpassedbyth egrandj uryofImperialcounty.Arefer-enceto'th eresolutionpassedbyth egrandj uryofImperialcountywillclearlysh owth ati ti sbaseduponaseriesofassumptionssetforth i nth epreambletoth ereso-lution i tself,wh i ch preamblecon-tainsaseriousfactualerror.Inth e recitals to th e resolutionspassedbyth egrand j uryofi m-perialcounty i ti sstatedth ataserioussi tuationconfrontsth epeo-pleofth estateofCalifornia-"byreasonofth epresenceofupwardofonemilli on alienandnative-bornJapanesei nth estateofCali-fornia."Atnotimei nth eh i storyofth i scountryh aveth erebeenonemilli onalienand|ornative-bornJapanesei nth eUni tedStates.Onth e contrary,th ereportsofth ecensusbureauclearly i ndi cate—andth esefacts h aveneverbeenquestioned— th ati n 1940th erewere 126,947 Japanese(includingaliensandnative-born)i nth econ-tinentalUnitedStates;and 167,--905 Japanese(aliensandnative-born)i nth eHawai i anIslands;and29,057i nth ePh i li ppi nei slands;oratotalof313,909,i ncludingaliensandnative-born,i nth econtinentalUnitedStates,th eTerritoryofHa-wai i andth ePh i li ppi neIslandß.Censusfiguresalso i ndi cate th ati n 1940th erewere112,353 Japa-neseresidi ng i nth eth reewestcoaststates. Such anegregiouslyerroneousassumption i nth eorigi -nalresolution i ssoseriousi nch ar-acterastonotonlyviti ateth econclusions drawnth erefrom, butto i ndi cate*a degreeofh ysteria."2.Th eorigi nalresolution oith egrandj uryofImperialcountystatesi nth erecitalth atasare-sult.ofi nvestigati on,i th asbeenfoundth atth eali enlandactofth estateofCalifornia''h asbeenforanumberofyearsflagrantlyandopenlyviolatedbysaidJapaneseboth ali enandnative-born."It.1mdiffi cultto.see h ow nati ve-t>orrpersonofJapaneseancestrycoukbech argedwi th aviolationofth *alienlandact,'sincebyi tsterm*i tappliedonlytoaliens,andnot£0citi zens.Furth ermore,th efactswh i ch are admitted and welk nown,would indi cate th at.th ealienlandact,i nItspresentform

waseffective i ncurbingandre-strictulgJapaneseexpansioni nag-ricoli ure i noai uoi nui .ouusuqut-'mtotne passageofmeanenlanuacttneaverageacreage01farmsoperatedbyJapanesei nUalilorniuwasreduced i rom Mi.i acres i ni \)Mto44acresi n11J4O;from atotalofSt>l,Z/bacres i n i vM U>44acresi nHMD;from atotaloi361,276acres i n I'JM to220,0:i>acresi nl!)40.'"3. Th c parent resolutionadoptedbyth egrandj uryofIm-perialcountyi svagueandi nuen-mte i nth i srespect:aportionoxtneresolution requests th attnestatelegislaturememoriali zecon-gresstoenactlegislationori fnec-essaryamendmentstoth econsti-tution,toth eettectth at'allJap-aneseboth alienandnative-bornbeforeverproh i bi tedfrombecom-i ngciti zensofth eUnitedState*.ofAmerica."Tnisportionofth eresolutioni svagueanduncertain'forth ereasonth ati tdoesnotspecifywh eth erth eproposedleg-i slati onandproposedconstituti on-alamendmentswouldberetroac-tiveorprospectivei neffect.Tnewell-k nownfactsare th atalienJapanese(th osebornoutsideth eUnitedStatesandi tsterritori es)arenoteligi bletociti zensh i patth epresenttime,nor h ave th eyeverbeeneligi bletobecomeciti -zensofth ebni tedStates.Th ere-fore,astoth ealienJapaneseth eresolution i sp.ointlessandredun-dant.'"Ofth eJapaneseresidi ngi nth eUni ted States i n 1940,approxi-mately41,000werealiens,butap-proximately71,000wereAmericanciti zensbyreasonofbi rth i nth eUnited States. Th e resolution,th erefore,i snotclearastowh eth -erornoti tsi ntentioni storetro-activelydeprive71,000citi zensofJapanesedescentofAmericanciti -zensh i p.Quite apartfrom th equestionofwh eth erornotsuchanamendmentcouldpossiblybegivena retroactive constructionwi th outbeingviolativeofth efun-damentalprinci plesofconstituti on-algovernment,i twouldh aveth eeffectofcreatinganutterlyan-omaloussituation.Ifsuch legisla-tionand|orconstituti onalamend-mentwereadoptedandweretobeconstruedprospectively,i twouldh aveth eeffectofmak i ngth ech i l-dren,bornofparentsofJapanesedescent,butwh oarepresentlycit-i zensofth eUni tedStatesaliens,and i neli gi bletociti zensh i p.Th us,th eparentswouldbeciti zens,butth ei rAmerican-bornch i ldrenofth eth i rdandfourth generationswouldbealiens. Such asituationwouldbepatentlyabsurd.Itsh ouldbek epti nmindth atatth epresefittimeth ereare th reegenerationsofpersonsofJapanesedescenti nth eUnitedStates:aliens(wh oarepermanently i neli gi ble to,citi zen-sh i p);asecondgenerationborn i nth e United States and citi zensth ereof;anda th i rd generationconsisti ngofveryyoungch i ldrenborn i nth eUni tedStatesofpar-entswh owere h prni nth eUni tedStatesandwh oareth ereforeciti -zens.Itsh ouldalsobe k epti nmindth atth eali engroupisarap-i dlyvanish i ngelementi nAmeri-canlife.Duringth edecade1939--1940th ealienelementdecreasedby23,172,or82.9percent.Asamat-teroffact,th eaverageageofth eali engroupatth epresenttimei sapproximately60.1years.ItIsob-vious,th erefore,th at th e ali engroupwilllargelyh avepassedou*lofexistence i nth enexttwodec-ades. "■'...!"4.Th eprinci pleth atallper-sonsborni nth eUni tedStatesandsubjecttoth e j uri sdi cti onth ereof/areciti zensofth eUnitedStatesandth estatewh erei nth eyresidei sfi rmly,fixed i nourAmericansch emeofth i ngs(Section1,XlVthAmendment, Constituti on ofth eUnitedStates).Sinceth efamousdecisi onofth eUni tedStagesSu-premeCourtlttth eWongKirnArk

case(involvingth eCh i nese)th i sprinci pleh asneverbeencontestedandi sfi rmlyfixedbyconstituti on-alprovisi on. Towrite i ntoth efederalconstituti onaprovisi onex-ceptingfrom th eoperationorITiefourteenth amendmentpersonsofJapanesedescentwouldstri k eatth everyfoundationsofth eponsti-tuion,and i twouldopentnedoortosubsequentandsimi larexcep-ti ons.For example,personsofGerman descent,orpersons ofItaliandescent. Such aproposedamendmentwouldnotonlybelieth eproudandglorioustraditi onofAmerica,butwouldi ntimebecomeadivi si veforce i nAmericanli fe."5.Itsh ouldbe k epti nmindth atnotallpersonsofJapanesedescentaresuspectedofdisloyaltyandth atonth econtraryagenciesofth enationalgovernmentmostcloselyi ntouch with th esi tuationandbestadvisedofth efacts h avestatedth atth emajori ty—i nfact,th eoverwh elmi ngmaj ori ty— ofresidentJapanesearenotsuspect-edofdisloyalty.Mr.MiltonEisen-h ower,broth erofLieutenantGen-eralDwigh tEisenh ower,formerlydirectorofth eWarRelocationAu-th ori ty,testifi edbeforeacongres-si onalcommitteeasfollows:"Iwouldsayth atfrom 80to

85percentofth enisei (secondgeneration Japanese) wh oareAmerican-bornciti zens,areloyalto.th eUni tedStates."

""Alieutenantcommanderofth eUni tedStatesnavyi nch argeofnavali ntelligencei nsouth ernCali-forniah aswri ttenrecentlyth ath econsidersatleast75percentofth eni sei orsecondgenerationareloyalto th eUnited StatesrseeHarpersMagazine,October,1942).Itsh ouldalsobek epti nmindth at(popularrumorto th e contrarynotwith standing)noactsofsabo-tageoccurredi nHawai i onDecem-ber7,1941(seeth eaffidavi tsandstatementsofth ech i efofpoliceofHonolulu,DelegateSam Kingandoth ers,i nth eFindi ngsandRecommendations ofth e TolanCommittee, i ssued i nMay, 1942,pages48-58;also"JapaneseInHa-wai i ,"byBlak eClark ,i nth eNewRepublic,September14,1942).Th emoraleandloyaltyofth emajori tyofJapanese i nHawai i h asbeentestifi edtobyLieutenantGeneralDelosC.Emmons,mili taryi gover-norandcommandinggeneraloftneHawai i andepartment(see Hono-luluAdvertiser,November6,1942).Itsh ouldalsobe k epti nmindth atth ereareanestimated5000per-sonsofJapanesedescentservingi nth earmedforcesofth i scountryandth atth ei rconductandeiti -ciencyassoldiersh asbeentesti-fiedtoby h i gh rank i ngoffici alsofth eUnitedStatesarmy."Forth eseandoth erreasonsth eundersignedfind i ti mpossibleto.concuri nsaidresolution.""

PostonGivenGiftbyHawai iPrepStudents$500Ch eck Earmark ed,ForUsei nObtaini ngAth leti cEquipment

POSTON,Ariz.— ACh ri stmasch eck for$500fromth estudentbodyofth eMcKinleyh i gh sch ooli nHonolulutoth eth reePostonh i gh sch oolswasreceived h ereDe-cember24,with th eh opeth atth emoneywouldbespenti nth epur-ch ase ofath leti c equipment,re-portsth eCh roni cle.Th egi ftwasaccompaniedbyaletterfrom Edward Kendall toMilesCarey,superintendentofth ePostonsch ools. Mr.Careywasformerly princi palofMcKinleyh i gh ,wh i ch h asastudentbodyofsome4000students.McKinleyh i gh ,largestofth eHonoluluh i gh sch ools,h asalargepercentageofstudentsofJapaneseancestry.

Positi onsOpenforEvacueeInterpretersAtListeningPostDENSON, Ark .—Positi onsareavailableforanumberofh i gnlyqualifi edJapanese-languagei nter-pretersforth eForeignbroadcastIntelligenceserviceofth eFederalCommunicati onscommissi on,ac-cordingtoareporti nth eJeromerelocationcenternewspaper,Com-munique,'publish ed atDenston,Ark . <Applicantsmustbeci ti zenswithexceptional k nowledge ofbothJapaneseandEnglish andwillbeappointedtofederalpositi ons,de-claredth ereport.Acceptedpersonswillwork i nPortland,Ore.

PACIFICCITIZENTh ursday,January7,1943. 3

EDITORIALS:Th eForgottenFrontTh e Japanesewarlords,pursuingth ei r

courseofimperiali sti caggression i nCh i na,h avebeenfrustratedfrom th eattainmentofth ei rmi li tari sti c ambiti onsbyth euncon-querablewillofth ecommonpeopleofCh i na.Si nceLuk uoch i aoi n1937,perh apsevensinceaSeptembernigh ti n1931,Ch i na h asbeenth e"fi rstfront"ofth ePacifi cwar.UntilDecember7,1941,Ch i na fough t

aloneagainstth ei nvader.Ch i na'sresistanceh asservedto i mmobi li zemanydivi si onsofJapan'scrack landarmies andafigh ti ngCh i na h aspreventedth eTok yowarmak ersfrom openinga new fronti nSiberi a.Today,h owever,Ch i na h asbecome vir-

tuallyaforgottenfront. Increasingdiffi -cultiesoftransportation h avecutth eflowofnecessarywarmaterialstofreeCh i natoameretrick le.Insomecasespromisedsup-pliesofplanesandgunsforth eCh i nesear-mies h avebeendi vertedtooth erth eatresofwar.Th eCh i nesearenotunaware,also,ofth efactth atth ei rcontributi ons i nth ePa-ci fi cwarfaroutweigh th ematerialai dth eyh avereceivedandarereceivi ngfrom th eUni tedNations. Ch i nesespok esmen i nth eUni tedStatesh avestressedCh ungk i ng's i m-perativeneedforsupplies.Th erecallofth eCh i nesemili tarymissi onh asbeeni nterpretedasanunspok enprotestofth efactth atCh i nah asnotbeengivenafullsh are i ndeter-mini ngth eover-allwarstrategyofth eUni tedNations.LinYutang,speak i ngforCh i na,recently

warnedth atCh i neseresistancemigh tcol-lapseunlessth eweaponsnecessarytofigh tth eenemywereforth comi ng.And i tmayh avebeenpartlyi nanswertoCh i neserestive-nessth atth eAllieslaunch edth ei rrecentin-vasionofBurma.Th evaliantoppostionofth eCh i nesepeo-

pletoJapan'smi li taryjuggernauth asbeeni mportanti npreventingboth th eTok yofas-ci stsandth eproponentsofrace h atred i nth eUni ted Statesfrom transformingth epresentconflicti ntoanall-outracewar.Th econtinuedfactofCh i neseresistance

insuresth atth evoi ceofFreeCh i nawillbeh eardwh en th epeace i sdi scussed. Gen-eralissi moCh i angrecentlyrestated Ch i na'swaraimsi namessagetoth eHeraldTribuneforum i nNewYork City. Th egeneralissi -moi ndi catedth ath ewasfollowingth ebroadprinci plessetdownbySunVatSen,suchas"nationalindependence,progressivereali-zati onofdemocracyandarisi ng leveloflivi ngconditi onsamongth emasses."Ch ungk i ng'soffici alCentralDailyNews

laatweek elaboratedonCh i angKai-sh ek 'sstatement. OneofCh i na'swaraims,ac-cordingtoth eCh ungk i ngnewspaper,i sth eaboliti onoflawsandregulationsgivi ngover-seasCh i nesediscri mi natorytreatment.Discri mi nati on againstth eCh i nese i m-

migrant,th e"h eath enCh i nee,"caricaturedbyBretHarte,precededsi mi larrestricti vetreatmentofth eJapanesewh oweretoar-riveonalatertideofi mmi gration.Th eCh i -neseExclusionActwasth eforerunnerofasimi larexclusionlawpassedby congressagainstJapanese i mmi gration i n1924.Cali-forniaandoth erwesternstatesfirstpromul-gatedoth errestricti vemeasuresagainstCh i -nese,laterextendedth em againstJapanesepersons.Conversely,th edecisi onofth eUnit-edStatesSupremeCourti nth ecaseofWongKirnArk ,anAmerican-bornCh i nese,h asbeenci tedonseveraloccasions i ndefenseofth eciti zensh i pri gh ts ofAmerican-born Japa-nese. Iti a alsoafact,th ough notoftenstressed,becauseCh i na i sanally,th atth e

presentlegalactionstorevok eth eci ti zen-sh i pofnative-bornJapanesealsoaffectCh i -nese Americans.OneofFreeCh i na'swaraimsi sth eabol-

i sh mentofth eCh i nese exclusionlaw,ac-cordingtoth eCh i neseNewsService,wh osepublicati on,ContemporaryCh i na,recentlyde-clared: "We h ope...th atassoonaspos-sibleth eUni tedStateswilldeclare i nprin-cipleth atpersonsofth eCh i neseracewi lli nth efuturebeadmittedtoth eUni tedStatesonth esamequotabasisasth oseofth eCau-casianandNegroracesandmaybecomeciti -zensofth e Uni tedStatesbyth e normalprocessofnaturalizati on.(Accordingtoth eexisti ngquotasystem,lessth an200Ch i nesemigh tbeadmittedeveryyear.")Th eexclusionlaws,-i nth emselves,arerel-

ativelyunimportanttoday.Noonetodayad-vocatesmass i mmi gration.Butth epri nci pleinvolved i nth eexclusionlawsis i mportant,forth eselawssetupan i nternational"Jim"Crow"system and becauseth ese laws arerepresentativeofimperiali sm,coloniali smanddollardiplomacy.Once mili tarylogisti calproblems are

solved,Ch i na'sforgottenfrontoffersth ebestspringboardforanoffensiveagainstmi li taryNippon.Towinth ewarinth ePacifi c,th eUni tedNationsmusth avewh oleh eartedco-operationfrom th e th eonlyAsiati cpeoplewh oh avesuccessfullyresistedfascistmi li tari sm.Andoncevictoryi swon,th epeo-pleofafreeCh i nawilldemandth efrui tsofth atvictory,equalitywith allth eoth errace*ofth eworld.Ith asbeenreportedth atJapanese,con-

vinced th atth esalvationofth epeopleofJapanliesi nth edefeatofth emili taryover-lordsofNippon,arenowfigh ti ngforCh i na.Th esemenfigh ti nth ebeliefth atonlyth ecompletedefeatofth emi li tari sti ccli quenowcontrollingJapanwillsave th epeopleofJapanandth epeopleofAsiafrom acenturyofenslavement.

"Th evictoryofCh i nesedemocracyonth e

forgottenfrontofCh i naalsopresagesanewequalityforth eCh i nesepeopleandth atvic-torywillreverberate i nAmerica i nth epost-wartreatmentofOrientalAmericans.

EvacueesandBeetsTh e i mpractical suggestion made i n

Wash i ngtonth i sweek byabeetsugari n-dustryoffici alth atawarrelocationcenter,li k eth ecentralUtah project,bebrok enupand th e evacueeresidentsredistri buted i n"smallgroupsof50" i ncampsnearbeet-producingcenters,againrai sesth eproblemofseasonalemploymentsuch asth atofferedonsugarbeetfarms.Governmentauth ori ti esi nch argeofevac-

ueerelocationcanexpecti ncreasingpressurefrom th epowerfulsugarbeetlobby i nWash -i ngtontomak emorereadilyavailableasup-plyofch eapagriculturallabor.Atpresentth egovernmenth asestab-

li sh ed certain ch eck s,th rough th e WRA'sfi eld employmentofficersandth e Uni tedStatesEmploymentService,wh i ch guaran-teeth atfai rlaborandlivi ngconditi onsbemaintai nedforevacueework ers.Iti safactth atconditi onsforth e10,000evacueework -ersi nbeetth i nni ngandtoppingi nth espringandfallof1942werebetterth anTh osepre-vaili ng i noth eryearsforth emigratofywork erspreviouslyengagedonth ebeetfarms.Forth elaborrecordofth ebeetsugari n-dustry,particularlyth atpartofth ei ndus-trycentered i nDenver,Colo.,h asnotbeengood,asCareyMcWilli amssoablydocumentsi nh i si mportantbook onth emigratoryfarmwork er,"111Faresth eLand."Ifth esystemofprotection,establish edby

th egovernmentforth eevacueework er, i smaintai ned,th erewillbeli ttledangerth atth eseevacueeswi llbe casti nth eroleofvirtualserfsorAmericanpeons.Th ewesternbeetsugari ndustryh asbeen

i nth epasWearth elargestemployerofevac-ueelaborandassuch h asbeen i mportanti nfosteringpublicacceptanceforth eevac-ueesi nth ei nlandwest. Alth ough th esea-sonalemploymentofferedbyth ebeetsugari ndustrydoesnotofferth eanswertoper-manentoutsiderelocationforth eevacuees,i ti sneverth elessapparentth atth ebeetsug-ari ndustrywillcontinuetobeth elargestemployerofth e evacuees.Undernoconditi on,h owever,sh ouldmeth -

odsofcompulsionbeused i nth erecruiti ngofth i slabor. Given decentconditi ons,wearecertainth atth eevacueeswi llgiveth ei rfullcooperationtowardth esolutionofth efarm manpowerproblem.

nisei USA_feyIAMYTAJIRI'Iti sayearnowsinceth efirstsligh twh i spersforevacuationwereh eard.Look i ngback ,th rough th enarrowperspectiveof12month softime,i ti ssti lldi ffi culttosayh ow i tallbegan.Somedayth ewh olestoryofevacuationwillbetold.Iti sstilionlyayearsinceth efi rstdemandforevacuationwas h eardontneradio,written i nth enewspapers.InJanuary,1942,foursh ortweek safterfearlHarbor,evacua-tion,anaccomplish edfacttoday,stillseemedi mpossible.How,th en,did i tstart? Andwh oorwh atstarted i t? Ith asoftenbeenasubjectofconjecturewh eth ersomeonei ndi vi dualh adpressedabut-ton,orgivenanoraer,wh i ch h adsetth ewh oleponderousmacnineryi nmotion.Moreli k ely,lineTop-sy,i tj ustgrew.Justgrewfromacombinati onofcircumstancesongroundfallowwith th reedecadesofth e propagandaofdistrustwh i ch h ad been sown by th eHearsts,th eJoh nsonsandth eMc-Clatch eys. Th i s anti-Ori entalismofacertainsmallminori tyofna-tiveCaliforniansh adfi rstbeendi rectedatth eCh i nese,h adbeentransferredtoth eJapanese,andh adreach edfullbloom with th epassage i ncongressofth eJapa-nese exclusion act.Th e youngAmericanofJapaneseancestrywagth eunwilli ng i nh eri torofth i sh ai eanddi strust.InCaliforniaoneyearago,wesaidth ati tcouldn'th appenh ere.Itcan'th appenh ere;th i si sAmer-i ca,Th eycan'tandwouldn'tdoi t.Butth ewh i spersgrewloutier

andmore i nsi stent.Th ewh i spersbecamevoices,angryanddemand-anddemanding.Th eli ttlestoriesi nth enewspapersgrew i ntoboldh eadli nes,spilledoveri ntoedito-ri alcolumns andth e"voxpop"department.Th i swasweek sbeforeth ewh oleth i ngwasto becomeanoffici almatterth rough th epresidentialor-derauth ori zi ngevacuation. Th i swasweek sbeforeth efi rstarmyproclamations.Th erewereth erumors,storiesofsabotageand i ntri gue,storiesdi ffi culttorefute i nth osetaut,tensedays.Wecouldn'tsayth en,aswecannow,th atth ereh adbeennoactsofsabotagecommittedandth atth eUnitedStatesJapaneseh admetth etestofloyalty.Much ofth eorigi naldemandfor

th eevacuationofth ewestcoastJapanesepopulationwas i nspi redbyspeciali nterestandpressuregroupswh i ch h admai ntai nedfortwogenerationsaprofessionalin-teresti nth e"Japaneseproblem."Somedemandscamefromcommer-cialcompetitorsofwestcoastJap-anese,from operatorsofCalifor-nia'sgreatfarm i ndustries,fromnurserymengroups,fromrivalsi nth efi eldofth edi sti buti onoffarmproduce.Qjra"ofth e k eypieces i nth i s

h ugeandcomplexj i gsawpuzzleofevacuationmaybesuppliedbyani mportantCaliforniaoffici alwh oi sallegedto h avetoldani mpor-tantmeetingofcivi li an auth ori -ties,toth i seffect:"Th ebiggrow-erswantth eJap3outbyJu1y...."Th erewasalsoth eth reatvoiced

i none quarterth at"unlessth eJapsweremoved,th eywouldbemurderedout!" Andth erewererumors(rumors,agai nofmobdemonstrationsagainstfamili esofJapaneseancestry i ncertainiso-latedruralareas,demonstrationswh i ch wererumoredto h avebeenfrustratedbyth eauth ori ti esi nth everynick ofti me.From TulareandSanLuisObispocountiescameth reatsofvigi lantism.MayorFletch erBo'«ronofLosAngeleswasth efirstpublicoffi-cialofanystandingtogiveoffi-ci alsanctiontoth e demand forevacuation.In Wash i ngton,th ewestcoastcongressionaldelega-tionmeti nth eofficeofSenatorHi ram Joh nsonofCaliforniaandformed twocommitteestostudyth eproblem. Th epressurefromth e h omeprecinctwasone-sided,forth erewerefewtoopposeevac-uationatth attime.Th econgress-mendemandedevacuationofbothci ti zensandaliens.InFebruary,i nth emidstofth eclamorforevacuation,th eTolancongressionalcommitteearrivedi nSanFranciscotoopenh eari ngsonth equestion.Th eTolancommit-teereport,i ssuedseveralmonth slater,i sfactualandfair,butwewillneverbeabletounderstandoneperformance.Th i soccurredi nth emorningi nSanFranciscowh enRepresentativeTolanand h i scon-gressionalpanelquizzedagroupofnisei leaders.RepresentativeTo-lanask edth eni sei toexplainth e"wh olesalesabotage"atPearlHar-bor.RepresentativeTolan categori-callystatedth ath eh adseen''h un-dredsofpictures" wh i ch wereproofofth eassertionth atHawai-i anJapaneseh adengagedi nactsofsabotage.Hecitedph otograph sofvitalh i gh waysi nHawai i block -edbyth ecarsofth eJapaneseres-i dents.Th e ni sei representativescouldnotanswerth ech arges,especiallyi nth efaceofRepresentativeTo-lan'sstatementth atevidence,i nth eformofph otograph s,existed.Ofcourse, RepresentativeTolanh adprefacedh i sremark son Ha-wai i ansabotagebysaying:"I'mjustth i nk i ngaloud."Th ediscus-siononth eallegedph otograph sdonotappeari nth epublish edtran-scriptofth eTolanh eari ngs.Th erecouldnoth avebeenanyph otograph sofsabotage,forth eTolanreporti tselfcarriesth eproofth atth erewerenosubversiveactsbyth eJapanesepopulationofHa-wai i onDecember7,proofi nth ewordsofSecretaryofWarStim-son,SecretaryKnoxofth enavyandJ.EdgarHooverofth eFBI.Th ose ph antom ph otograph smentionedbyRepresentativeTo-lan,i ntroducedatatimewh enth eni sei werefigh ti ngtoretainth ei rdemocratic righ ts on th e westcoast,stilltroubleus.Wh en th emili taryordersor

evacuation was i ssued i nMarch ,th eni sei complied,forAmericawasatwarandevacuationwasanarmyorder.Butbeforeth atorderwasi ssued,beforeth egovernmentandth earmystepped i ntoth eevacu-ationpicture,manyandstrangeth i ngs h appened. Somedayth ecompletestorymaybetold.

TREK:TopazLiterati IssueNewIllustratedMagazine"Trek ,"aspecialh oli daypubli-cationofth eReportsDivi si onofTopazcenter,madei tsappearancelatelastmonth andmark edalongsteptowardmaturity i n centerjournalism.Editedandwrittenbyasmall,compactstaff,Trek i sanexcep-tionallywell-balancedandsuperb-lyi llustratedmagazine.EditorisJimYamada.with TaroKatayamaandBobTsuda(both ofwh omdidconsiderable i nstiffen-i ngth eback boneofth eTanforanTotalizer)andMari i Kyogok uasassociate editors.Mine Ok ubo,(wh o,accordingtoEditorYama-da'sstoryofh er,"PortraitofanArtist,"usedtonailaquarantinesi gnto h erdooratTanforanwh ensh efeltli k epainti ngwith outi nter-ruption),h as h andledth emajorportionofth eartwork .Farandawayth ebestth i nsri nTrek i s"YuleGreetings,Friends!"adiscussionofth atlingualcuri-osity,"Japa-MericanSpeech ,"or"Eva?uese."Th e ti tlederivesfrom th eau-th or'scontentionth atth efirstNa-

tivi tywasorigi nated,seen andmarvelledatbyJapa-Mericans.Th eauth ordescribesth etortu-

roustreatmentgivenordinaryEng-lish wordsatth e h andsofth eJapa-Mericans:Dini ngh all:mes-lh o,ormesh i -

h ole.To steal: "ch ock -ch ee-na."Derivati on: "ch ok edch eek ,"ortonguei nch eek .Superintendent:"suppon-ten.'Etymology:supponmeana"tur-tle"andten,"jelly"inJapanese.A"jellyturtle,"aterm ofen-dearment.Tosh i oMori,contributortoCom-monGround,Writer'sForum andearliertoth enow defunctCoast,i trepresentedby two sk etch es."Th eTrees"and"TopazStation.CoverdesignbyMineOk ubode-

pictsaTopazSanta-playingpapa,look i ngoveratoy,wh i leh i sfam-i lylook soverCh ri stmasprepara-ti dns. In back ofth e k ettle-toppedstovei sth efamilywashh unguptodry,with Ch ri stmassock smi ngli ngch ummi lywith tne1diapers.

PACIFIC CITIZEN

PACIFICCITIZENOffici alPublicati onofth e "!© 'JapaneseAmericanCiti zensLeague

NationalHeadquarters:413-15SeasonBuild-i ng,25EastSecondSouth Street,SaltLak eCity,Utah .Edi tori alandBusinessOffice:415Beason

Buildi ng.Ph one5-6501Wash i ngtonOffice:P.O.Box1721,

Wash i ngton,D.C.SaburoKido,NationalPresident,

215-2D,Poston,ArizonaSubscripti onBates:JACLmembers,?2.ooyear.

Non-members,$2.60year.Applicati onpendingforentryassecondclassmatteri n th epostofficeatSaltLak eCity,Utah .Publish edweek ly,underth eactofMarch 3.1879. '

LARRYTAJIRI . EDITOR

Th ursday,January7,1948.4

VagariesInth ePress....Pressnotices:Bi ll.Henry,writ-i ngi nth eLosAngelesTimesofDecember26,refutedwidelycir-culatedstoriesofsabotagebyHa-wai i anJapanese,dismi ssi ngth erumorsas"h ooey."...Th eCh ri s-ti an Science Monitor recentlyfront-pagedaspecialstoryonth eJACLconference h eld i nNovem-ber...'.Th enewspaperPMofSun-day,Dec.27,carriedastoryonagroupof150antifascistJapanesewh oareactivei nNewYork City... Th eManzanarFreePressre-sumedregularpublicati ononJan.1afterh avi ngbeenforcedtosus-pendtemporarilyfollowingth edis-turbanceonDec.1. Th e FreePressalso i ssuedaspecialCh ri st-mas i ssue.Resumptionofth eFreePress i ndi catesconditi onsarere-turningtonormalcyatManzanar.However,severalmembersofth eFressPressstaff,i ncludingEditorCh i yeMori,BusinessManagerJoeBlarneyandassociatesTadUyenoandTom Yamasak i ,were"evacu-ated"toDeath Valleyalongwi thth ei roth eroutspok enlyloyalevac-ueeswh owereconsidered i nper-sonaldanger.Presentactingedi-tori sRoyHosh i zak i .

"""Goodbye,Japan....Joseph Newman's new book ,"Good-bye,Japan."tellsofth elastdaysofpeace.Newmanwasth eTok yocorrespondentforth eN.Y.HeraldTribune'sforeignservice...Anoth erbook byaTok yocorre-spondenti sMaxHill's"Exch angeSh i p,"th estoryofth eGripsh olmonwh i ch somesixnisei ,employesofU.S.consulatesi nth eFarEast,wereamongth osewh oreturnedtoAmerica....Incidentally,amongth enon-JapaneseevacuatingJa-pani nth etensedaysbeforePearlHarborwasWalterDeHavilland,fath erofOlivi adeHayillandandJoanFontaine.DeHavilland,longanattorneyinTok yo,arrivedwithh i ssecondwife,aJapanese.Sh ort-lybeforeevacuationorderswerei ssued,th eDeHavillandsvoluntar-i lyevacuatedtoan i nlandstate.

"""BoysTown....Severalfamili esofnisei evacu-

eesarenow work i ngatFath erFlanagan'sfamous Boys'TownnearOmah a,Neb. Amongth emareKiyosh i andLilyOk uraofLosAngeles.Kiyosh i Ok ura,former-lyacivi lserviceexamineri nLosAngeles,i snowassistantdirectorofth ewelfaredepartmentatBoysTown.Anoth er evacuee couple,th e Ji mmi eTak ah ash i s,are i nch argeoflandscaping,wh i leJerryHash i i andh i swi fe(TeruIto)areconnectedwith BoysTown'sself-supportingfarmproject.

Information,Please...FederalJudgeJamesA.Fee,

wh osedecisi on i nth eMm Yasuitestcase,h asbeen th ebasis ofconsiderablediscussion,waslastweek namedcommanderofth eOregon NationalGuard.JudgeFeewasanarmyflierduringth elastWorldWar....JerryKata-yama,executivesecretaryofth eSaltLak eJACL,receivedanen-cyclopedia,somewarstampsandacartonofLuck i esfrom th e"In-formation, Please"radioprogramlastweek .Jerrysubmittedth reesetsof,questions,butdoesn'tk nowwh i ch onewasused....RobertSt.Joh n,notednewscorrespond-dentwh osalutedanisei soldieronth e"Jergen'sJournal"broad-castlastSunday,i sth eauth orofth ebestseller,"From th eLandofSilentPeople."

" "*Joh nMaeno,formerLosAnge'esattorney,recentlyreturnedtoth ecityonaspecialmissi on,toch eckonevacueegoodsstoredi ngovern-mentwareh ouses. Maenospenteigh tdaysi nth eLoaAngelesarea,reportedonch angeswrough tbyevacuation i n distri ctsformerlypopulatedbyAngelenosofJapa-neseancestry...Someofth efewnisei exemptedfromevacuationor-dersareth oseemployedbyth eFederalCommunicati ons Commis-sionati ts"listeningpost"inPort-land,Ore.

PagingLah ai nans....Rev.AllenH.GatesofEast

Haddam, Conn., wh o recentlyquotedBi llHosok awa'sPacifi cCit-i zencolumn i naletterpublish edbyth eHartford(Conn.)Courant,wouldli k etocorrespondwi th Ha-wai i anJapanesenow i nth eUni tedStates. Rev.Gateswould espe-ciallyli k eth eaddressesofanyHawai i -born nlaei wh o formerlyresided i nKonaorLah ai na.

ResettlementOversh adowsAllOth erEvacuationProblems,Mini dok aEditori alDeclares

ByDYKEMIYAGAWAI(Inth eMi ni dok aIrrigator)Apieceofwriti ng,carryingeventh efaintest'noteofgrimness,maybe i nvi ti nga h ooti ngdownwh enfound i naspeciali ssueconceivedtorh ymewith th ecarolsingi ng,laugh terandth ej i nglesandspan-gles th atdefine th e Ch ri stmasmood. Butth i sneedstobesaid,andth eredoesn'tseemtobeanywaytosayi twith outaccompani-mentofsweet-tink li ngch i mes.Th e late-lamented disturbancesatPostonandManzanar—drama-tizati onsonceagainofth ech roni c,violentuglinessofth efascisttem-per—arenolongernews.Th e is-suebrough ti ntoth esh arpestpos-siblefocusbyth etwo"inci dents,"h owever,arestillverymuch withus,andcan nomorebe i gnoredth anth ewarorth erai nsth ataremak i ngth i sprojecta quagmire.Th i sparticularcommentary,lateas i tmaybe i nfindi ngprint,sough tarticulationbecause i tbe-gantoappearas i fawarenessofth e i ssuemigh tbepermittedtocongeal i ncomplacencyatMini -dok a.Editori alwritersofoth ercenterpublicati onswerequick todeploreth eoccurrenceofpoliti calviolenceamongevacuees,butth erei sfur-th erneedforrealisti callyplacingafingeronth eexi stenceofaresidueofpro-Axissentimenti nevery*cen-ter. Itcan easily and oftenenough besaidth atevacueesfromSouth ernCaliforniaseem,forth i sorth atreason,tobepeculiarlyin-clinedtoaettleaccountsth roughviolentmeans,and th atpeoplefrom oth ersectionsofth ePacifi cCoastarenotasbellicose. Butexplanationsofth atorder,aside_from beingevasive,areaboutas"satisfactoryasaSouth ernbourbonpoliti ci ans'sexplanationforth elow incomeofth eNegro,andcer-tainlydonotruleoutth epossibi l-i tyofrepetiti onsi nsomeformofth eManzanarandPostonri ots.Th eboldnessofth elittleband

ofAxisfollowers i nth etwocen-ters,th eextensionoflatrineprop-agandatomorespectacularmeth -ods ofattempting to i nflamegreaternumbersofevacuees,aresuffici entwarningth atnoth i ngi stooaudaciousforth osewh oacceptandpracticeth efascistgospelofviolence(anddisruption.So i ti stime,someofusth i nk ,th atwebegindevelopingcontrolsth rough organizati on,andexaminecloselyeverycenteri ssueandsignoffermentbeh i ndwh i ch mayex-i stth emach i nati onsofasmallbutpersuasivebodyth atstandswithth e Tojo-,HitlercombineTh i si ssai dbecause th ereareenough amonguswh oseenobonafi decauseforatransferofallegi-ances. Also because th ere areenough wh oexperiencenodiffi cul-tyi nrealizi ngth atth eWRA'sre-locationprogrammak esth esecen-tersmerestations—irri tati ng,buttemporary—onth eroadtoaplacei nth eAmericansun,wh erewe,i fweh aveanycapacityforadjust-ment,willbefreeofth estifli ngprovinci ali sm and th e "gh etto"sigh tsandsmellsth atprevailedinth e"Li ttleTok yos"ofth ecoast.Neith erpro-Axismelodramatics

norsch oolboyrecrimi nati onsandlegalisti ch ai r-splitti ng overth enowpurelyacademic aspectsofevacuationssh oulddi vertourat-tentionandenergiesfromth esu-premely i mportantgoalofreloca-ti on.Wemeantogetonwith reloca-ti onandtoavoidordefeatany-th i ngwh i ch th reatenstoh i nderoureffortstowardpermanentresettle-ment.Buti tseemsth erearesomearoundwh o,eith eroutofsh ort-sigh tedness orplaincussedness,arerisk i ngeventualclassifi cati onas gear-jammers—andth eyneedtobetippedoffth atth eh i gh waystoallk i ndsofh ellsare h eavi lypavedwi th th ei ndi scretionsofth ei nnocent,andth edesignsofth edi abolicali k e.

WASHINGTONLETTER

ByPETER WOOD

AmericanLandProvidesth eStuffofWar

Formanyyearsth eprivi legeofcomingtoth eUnitedStatesandbuyinglandforcultivati on gaveth epeoplesofEuropeandAsiaach ancetoescapeth ecrowdingandpovertyofth ei rh omelands.Th ewestwardmovmentofth eAmericanfrontierwasoneofth egreatmovementsofh i story,draw-i ngth epeopleofEuropeacrossth eoceantofillandcultivateth eacresofanunexploitedcontinent.Graduallyth eland fi lled up;farmsgrewwh ereforestsoremp-typrairi es h adbeen.Itbecameacommon-placei nh i storybook stospeak ofth eendofth efron-tierperiod.Dramatic evi dence th atAmer-i ca'sfrontierperiodh asnotendedcomesfromarecentreportofth eUnitedStatesGeneralLandOf-fi c.Th epubliclandsofth ena-tionaretoday,as i neverywarwagedbyth eUni tedStatessince1776,mak i ngvaluable contribu-tionstowardvictory.Inth epresentwar,moreth an13,000,000 acres ofth e publiclands,scatteredfrom Alask a coFlorida,h avealreadybeen pro-videdfortrooptraini ngandma-neuverareas,targetareasandaerialbombing practice fields.Th i s i sanarealargerth anDen-mark ;almostaslargeasHollandandBelgium combined. FredW.Joh nson,commissi onerofth egen-erallandoffice,h asrevealed i nh i s annualreportth at"valuablestoresofnaturalresources h avealso been added to th e warstrength ofth eUnitedNationsbyth eoperationsofth i sfederalof-fi cewh i ch h asservedasth egov-ernment'srealestateagentsince1812.Th evastwealth ofgovernment-

ownedmineraldeposits,oilsup-pliesandoth ernaturalresourcesarebeingdrafted i ntoth eserviceofth eUni tedNations.Vastquan-titi esofmaterialsvi talto warproduction,formerlyclassifi edasreserveddeposits,h avebeenmadeavailable. Tungsten, manganese,andoth ermineralsessentialtoth e'arprogram arebeingdugout

ofgovernment-ownedlands.Near-ly700,000acresofpubliclandsh avebeenleasedforth eproduc-tionofoilandgas. Potash re-serves i nNewMexicoandCali-forniaarenowprovidi ngpotas-siumtowari ndustries at lessth anone-sixth ofth epricepaidduringth epreviousWorldWar.Governmentlands i n Oregon

andCaliforniah aveprovidedmuchofth etimberrequiredforwar-timeconstructioni nsh i pyardsandmili taryposts,456,000,000Doarufeetcamefrom governmentfor-eststo j oi nth ewareffort.Newvaluesarebeingfound i nmineralsandnaturalvegetationwh i ch wereformerlyconsideredofli ttlei mportance.Rubber,turpen-tine,resinandoth ercommoditi esmay be producedfrom desertsh rubs. Yucca, a sh rub wh i chgrowsth rough outth esouth west,maybepressed i ntoserviceasasubstitutefoefiberswh eh former-lycamefromabroad.Th e public domain with i ts

wealth ofminerals,timberandoth -erresources i sservingth eAmeri-canpeopleas i talways h as i nth epast.Th egreatnessofth elandi said-i ngth ewarefforti nanoth erwry.Everygreatriveri nAmerica hcontributi ngelectric-powertowarproduction—th eColumbiaandth eColorado,th eTennesseeandth eMissouri,th eOh i o,th eSacramen-toandth eRi oGrande.Onth eseth e oth er great rivers ofAmerica h ug« damgcollectth estrength ofth ewaters—th eBoul-derdam onth e Colorado,/th eGrandCoulee,FortPeck ,Bonne-ville,Sh astaandach ai nofmoreth an30 i nth eTennesseeValley.Hydroelectricplantsconvertth epowerofth ewatertoelectrici ty—185billi on k i lowatth oursofItduringth epast year. Enoughelectrici ty,th ati s,toligh teveryh ome oneverycontinenti n th eworld. Th e i ncrease i nAmerica'sproduction ofelectrici ty duringth epasttwoyearscouldligh tev-eryh ome i nblack ed-outEuropeand Japanwith billi ons ofk i lo-wattsstill"tospare.Much ofth i svastoutputofen-ergy i spoweringnewwari ndus-tries.Iti soperatingth elargest

magnesiumplanti nth eworld.Itoperatesth emach i neryofair-planefactories,i tpowersth eelec-tricfurnacesofaluminum plants,th earsenalsand th eai rbases.Th egreatarteriesofourconti-nentare pouringth ei rstrengthi ntoaproductiongreaterth anth eworld h aseverk nownbefore.Th e Americanfrontieri s not

cloned;i tneverh asbeenclosed.>Outofi tsvastundeveloped re-sourcesarecomingtodayth ema-terialsforan Americanvictory-

Fromth eFryingPanByBILLHOSOKAWA

NewYear'sInaßetocationCenterFouryearsagoNewYear'sEveweh adsupperi nth eTok yo

AmericanEmbassycompoundwith friends,some-new,someold.Alth ough wewerestillfresh from th estates,i twasgoodtositdowntofinAmericanstyledinner,totalk ofAmericaanddinebycandleligh t.Th erewaseventh eluxuryofliqueurs,andwesati ndeepch ai rsandch attedpleasantly.Andwneamidni gntcameweHeardtnedeep,distantboomoftemplegongsner-aidi ngth enew year.■Someonesuggestedth atwegotoatempleami watch tnecrowuaatth ei rworsh i p,butsomeoneelsesaidtnerewouldbetoomanyth ou-sandswith th esame idea,sowespentNew Vear'sHivei ndoors.Soonaftermidni gntweslippedoutandfinallytaUeuataxi driveri ntotak i ngus h ome. Even Uieath erewasash ortageofgasoi i ne,andth edrivers were becomingprettyindependent. SinceItwasJNew Year'sEveth epolicewerelenient,ortoobusy,anasowespedh ometh rough tnestreetsofTo-k yowith outbeingquestioned.Th enextdaywesippeucitecus-tomarysweeti Newlearswineanusawafootballgame i n Mei j iSh ri nestadiuman>j breath eddeep-lyofth esmellofmoth ballsrisi ngfrom th eh oli daycloth eseveryonewore.Th edayafterth atwewereonourwayagain,onth esecondlegofourtriptoth etropics.

"""Th reeyearsagoNewYear'sEvewewerei natropicalbungalowh alfh i ddenamongtnecocoanutpalms.Everyonewas i nwh i telinen,andpresentlyth emensh edth ei rcoatsbecause i tbecametoowarm.Wh eneverth elaugh terstoppedforamomentwecouldh earth erapidboom-boomingofronggengdrumsatsome Malay k ampongdance.Itwasearlyi nth emorningwh enwewenth ome,,andth eairwassweetwi th th ecleanfragranceoftropicalmornings. t

TwoyearsagoNewYear'sEvewewerei namiddleclassSh angh ainigh tclubwh ereaCh i nese-Portu-gueseorch estrablaredouttwo-year-oldh i ttunes.Th epriceofadmissi oni ncludedpaperh ats,toyh ornsandfavors.Th edri nk sweresk y h i gh ,buti twasalmoststandingroom only.Sveltewh i teRussiansrubbed el-bowswith tallCh i neseladsandmasacaraed Sooch ow and Hang-

ch owgirlswearingth ei rform-fit-tinggownssi i tupth esi detoth ek nee.Atmidni gh tth eyletloosea

cloudoxuanoousandwescamperedtogetonei orourescorts, xaterwedropped i ntoone ofth eso-calledsanors'dives,wneregaietywas h avi nga h ardtimeBJiauui gth etawdrynessofth eatmosph ere.Th erewerenofigh ts,nodi uni ts,onlyatiredorcnestraandsomesleepy,tiredtaxi dancerswh oseglamorh adfledwith th enours.Th atmorning we stopped asusualattneBridge,wh erememuT-i led,h ard-eyedJapanesemarinesentriesusuallyi nspectedU»ecar,butperh apsi twastoolatei nth enigh torelseth eyweretired,too.Th eywavedusonwith outani n-spection.

"* «Ayearagoth erewassometh i ngforcedaboutNewYear's£v.Vvewere h omeagain,andwestayeduplatereading andlisteningtoth eradio, h eari ng th enewyearcomesweepingacrossth elandli k esometh i ngalive.Wewenttobedsoonaftermidni gh t.

"" »Afewnigh tsagoweobserved

anoth erNewYear'sKve.Th i stimei twasi nth e20x20-footapartmentofawarrelocationcenter.Th erewerealmgstadozenofus i nth eroom,andth eh ostessh adpreparedamealwh i ch wouldh avebeen j ustabitbetterth anordinaryonth eoutside,onlyth atnigh ti twasasumptuousbanquet.Th erewasno h i lari ty.Itwasj usta cozy,friendlygath eri ng,eventh ough th ewi ldwindsangoutsideli k eath i ngalive.Wewerebeh i ndbarbedwire,and

we k new th atth esentriesi nth ewatch towerswereever-alertbe-h i ndth ei rfloodligh ts.Butwek new,too,th ateventh ereonth atparticularnigh twewereh avi ngmorewh olesomeen-j oymentth anourfriendsandth oseth atwerewith usonsomeofourpreviousNewYear£yes.Weh adh opeandfaith andsometh i ngtoliveandfigh tfor.Th oseweh adk nownarebutforlorn h ostagesi nconqueredcountries,or,atleast,refugeeswaiti ngforh elp.

ExperiencesofEvacuationProvideMaterialofLiterature

ByANNNISEI

OnNisei Writi ng:

Nisei literature,assuch ,nevergotmuch beyond th e talk i ngstage.Itgaspedoccasionally,i tgurglednowandagain. Buti tneverfoundfullvoice.Wh y i tneveractuallyexistedmigh tbeattributedtoanumberofcauses.Doubtless,forone,th erewasth efactorth atagoodnum-berofwould-bewriterswereapttobe i mi tati ve. AndaSaroyani mi tator,beh eJapanese,SlavonianoragainArmenian,i s ne,versogoodasth eorigi nal.Again,th erewasth ematterofsubject. Andth eonenearestth eh eart,th ough notth edearest,(fornisei "writers")was racial dis-cri mi nati on.Almostevery"writ-er"wantstotack leth i satonetimeoranoth er,andusuallyquiteearly—tooearly.Butth i ssubject,li k esomanyth i ngs,wasmoreth e-oryth anfacti nth eli feofth eav-eragenisei ,mostofwh om weretooyoungyettofeelth eterrifi ci mpactofactualdiscri mi nati on.Handled objecti vely,th e subjectbecamemerelyfactsandfigures.Handledsubjecti vely,i tbecamepuresentiment,andth esocialpro-testturnedouttobe j ustawh i ne.

Butlastyearth eni sei startedtogrowup. Experience mak esmenandwomenoutofus,i fwearestrongenough .Lastyearth enisei wentth rough analmostdev-astating h umanexperience.Webelieveawh olebodyofau-

th enti cnisei literaturewillgrowoutofevacuation.Th estory i sh ere. Wemustwritei tourselves.Itmaybetoo.earlyforanyreallygoodstory ofevacuation.Th eremustbetimetodigestandevaluate h umanexperience. Th egreatbook softh elastWorldWarcamelongafter1918.Th attotalpicture,th atover-allbook ,neednotcomeatonce.Per-h apsfrom nowtillth eendofth eni sei generationeverynisei willwanttowriteth atbook as"th e"nisei novel,j ustasforyearseverynewspapermanwantedsomedaytowrite"th egreatAmerica novel."Ittak esmoreth anonegreatnoveltomak eabodyofliterature.Ittak essongsandstories,poemsandplays,i ttak esballadsandes-says.AndIf,outofawelteringmassofmaterial,afewth i ngsemergeasauth enti cpictures ofuirnanexperience,wecancountourselvesfortunate.Wereadlastweek excerptsfrom

fresh man compositi ons i nBlak eClark 's"Some Japanese i n Ha-wai i ,"publish edi n"Asiaandth eAmericas."Th ose excerpts.come pretty

closetobeingth efi rststirri ngsofnisei li terature.Th eyarereal,th eyaresimple,th eyare h onest.Th eyareascloseasweh avecometoauth enti cpicturesofnisei lives.Greatwriti ng i sonly h onestwriti ng. Wearecomingclosertoan h onestevaluationofourlives,andweareth erebyth atmuch clos-ertogoodwri ti ng.

PACIFICCITIZEN 5Th ursday,January7,1943.

CALLINGAllCh apters!ByTei k oIsh i da

CALLINGALLCHAFFERS...onth eeleventh ^Monday.JoeMasaok a i sduetolea,veforDen-ver,wh ere h ewilltak eup h i sduti esasdirectorofth eAssoci-ated Members'Divi si on ofth eLeague...andsometimenextweek ournationalsecretary,Mi k eMasaok a,i splanningtostartonh i stourofth ecenters,startingwith Topazand i ncluding Mini -dok a,HeartMountain,Granada,Jerome,Roh werandoth ers.REQUESTS FOR MINUTESofourEmergencyNationalCoun-ci lmeeti nNovemberarebeingre-ceived...wecanonlyBayth ai120pagesofminutesarenowready,butth erearestillabout150ormorepagesofsupplements,in-cludingdivi si onreports,speech es,letters,etc.,wh i ch arenow i nth ework stage...wemusth avean-oth ertendaystogetth ecompletereporti nth emai lstoourdele-gatesandformerch apterpresi-dents...alimi tednumberofcop-i eswillbeonsaleforth ebenetitofourmembers."HOW CANCHRISTIANSHELP?"th eJapanese-AmericanNumberofth e Envelope Series publish eaquarterlybyth eAmericanBoardofCommissi onersforForeignMis-si onsi snowoffth epressand100copiesareavailableh ere...th i s48-pagebook leti seditedbyRuthIsabelSeaburyofth eeducationde-partmentofth eAmericanBoardand includes articles by well-k nownCh ri sti anleaders,such asHach i ro Yuasa,Clarence Gi llettandYosh i oFuk uyama,aswellasquotationsandexcerptsfromcur-rentwriti ngsonth esubject.;.aselectedreadinglistisalso i n-cluded...youmayobtainyourcopybyremitti ng10centstoth i soffice." .someofth emateriallistedasselectedreading i salsoobtainable h ereupon i nqui ry.THEFIRSTQUARTERLYREPORTofth eWarRelocationAuth ori ty,covering th eperiodMarch 18toJune30,1942,averyreadablepa-perofsome36pagesi snowavail-ableuponwrittenrequest...th ereporti si ntroducedbyach ronoloffyofevacuationandrelocationandcoversallph asesofrelocationcenterlife...th i s i sgoodrefer-encematerialandacopymaybeobtainedwi th outcostbywriti ngtoJoh nC.Bak er,WRAOfficeofReports,Barrbuildi ng,Wash i ng-ton,D.C.IFYOUKNOWth epresentaddressesofth efol-lowing former Santa Anitans,pleasedropusapostalcard:Rei k oInouye,KotaroJio,Doroth yKa-wash i ma,Tach i Kogura, GeorgeKuratomi,Nick Sai to...th esesubscribersh ave never i nformedth i soffi ceofth ei rrelocationcen-teraddresses,h enceth eyh avenotbeenreceivi ngth ei rPC'sforquitesometime...nameofth erelo-cationcenteri ssuffici ent.

DocumentationStaffCompiledRecordsOfGranadaCenter

AMACHE, Colo.—A documen-tationstaffcomposedof13writ-ersh eadedbyTosh i oNinomi yai snowcompili ngarecordofevac-ueelife,reportsth eGranadaPio-neer.Th egrouph ascollectedsamplesof evacuee artand h andi craft,wh i ch willbesenttogeth erwithph otograph s,motionpicturesandsk etch estoth eseniorarch i vi statWash i ngton,D.C.Onth edocumentationstaffare

Tazuk oSasak i ,Ch erryYosh i tomi ,Yasuk oMadok oro,Ch i zuyoKana-zawa,Masami Yamaguch i , LibMatsumura,JunTak eta,KanemiOno,Mark Hayash i ,Hirosh i Sh i -bata.Suek oTagawaandSh i geruHash i i .

TopazColor....Th eTopazTimesdi dsome i m-pressivework i ni tsNewYearedi-tion,wh i ch featuredafull-page,two-colordrawingbyCh i uraObataandan i llustratedstoryofevac-uation,alsobyObata.Inadditi on,Jank ee,wh oearlier

appearedasaone-color j ob,cameoutth i sweek asatwo-colorJob.Exceptionallygoodprinti ngandfinecolorwork onth eTi mes i smadepossiblebyaMultili th ,onlyoneusedbyacenterpaper.

U.S.JapaneseProblemCanBeSolvedWith Safety,Justice

ByCHESTER ROWELL

Rowelli nth eS.F.Ch roni cle:

SanFrancisco,Ch roni cleDecember10,1942

It/isevidentth atth esuper-reticentoffici alreports ofth eManzanarriot,togeth erwith th erestricti onorembargoonalloth ersourcesofi nformation, h avenotgiven us th efullback groundofwh atleduptoth erelocationcen-terriot.Itnayevenbeth ecom-monnotionth atpersonsofJapa-neseancestry,evenwh enth eyareAmericans,are i nscrutable,any-way,h asconvincedth eauth ori ti esth emselvesth ati ti samysterypastfindi ngout.However,i ti sclearfrom th eoffici alversion,andth eli ttleth atcouldcomeoutinth efi rstsemi-offi ci alaccount,th ath ere i sariotbyafewmeni nasinglecampandth ati tcallsforconsideration,andi fpossibleaction,much morecompreh ensi veforth i sri ot.Accordingtoth eoffi ci alj oi nt

report, "th e di sturbance wascaused by a relativelysmallgroup ofevacuees,"and th egreatmajori tyofresidentsatManzanarandoth errelocationcentersareloyaltoth eUnitedStatesandcompletelyi nfavoroforderlyprocessesofgovern-ment."Th efi rst"smallgroup,"infact,consistedofsixmen,wh obeatupFredTayama.aleaderofth eag-gressivelyloyalgroup.Wh ati m-mediategrievanceth eyclaimedtoh aveagainstTayamabeyondth efactth atth eycalled h i m an"in-former"doesnotappear.Butth esubsequent"crowd" wh i ch de-mandedth atTayamabereleasedtoth em,evidentlywi th th epur-poseofk i lli ng h i m,musth avebeenmuch larger,since,wh enth emili tarypolicefinallyfired,11ofth em were i nj ured,oneofth emfatallyandanoth erseriously.From th eword"k i bei ,"wh i chvaguelyslippedth rough th efirstreports,i tmaybe i nferredth atth e"group"inquestionwaslarge-lyorwh ollyAmerican-bornyoungmen,wh oarelegally Americanciti zens,butwh oreturnedtoJa-panforth ei reducationandarei n some cases "cipah gi ores i psi sci pangibus"—moreJapaneseth anth eJapanese"— i nth ei rsenti-ments.Th ese"k i bei "areofth eriot-i ngage,and,byallaccounts,con-ductedth emselvesli k e h ystericaladolescents,wh i leth enonciti zen-aliensi nth ecamparenearlyallofmiddleageorolderand h avelived i nAmericamostofth ei rlives.'Th e"k i bei ,"moreover,wereselectedorself-selected persons,wh owentto Japanforth e sec-ondaryorh i gh ereducation i nJa-pan,andsentth ei rformativeandmature years under Americansurroundings. Th us,numerically,th e "greatmajori ty" of th e"residents"atth erelocationcen-ters,wh oarecertifi ed asloyalandlaw-abidi ng,musti ncludealargepartofth eelderaliens,mostofth enative-bornandAmerican-educatedandpresumablysomeofth e "k i bei ."Lilce oth erpeople,th eseevacueesare j ustlyclassifi -ablebyth ei rch aracterandsenti-ments,rath erth anbyracialorciti zensh i p status.Wh atnowcomesouti sth at

th e h erdi ngofallth esegroupsi nth esame camps,onpurelyracialgrounds,producesasit-uation already strained andbound,i fth ewarlastslong,tobecome i mpossibleanddanger-ous.Th earmy,i nth ebeginni ng,

madenodisti ncti ons,because i twantedtogeti tspartofth e j oboverquick ly.Th atemergencypol-i cy,wh eth errigh torwrong,h asbeenaccepted. Butth ere i salong-rangeproblemwh i ch th erei snowtimetoconsider.Th esepersonsofJapanesebirthorancestry—*ndth ereare 100,--000ofth em—are'goingtobewithus,afterth ewar,asuseful,doubt-fulordangerousmembersofth ecommunity. Wemigh t,perh aps,legallydeportth eelderlyaliens,i fJapanwouldacceptth em,butalargepprtofth em h ave,alwaysbeen,andare h ow,regardedasperfectlysaferesidentsandneigh -bors,barredfrom citi zensh i pbyouractrath erth anbyth ei rneigh -bors,barredfrom citi zensh i pbyouractrath erth anbyth ei rde-sire. Th ek i bei canbepunish ed,forany anyofth em mayi ndi vi duallyh ave committed,.butlegallyth eyareciti zen*, and.i nth eabsenceofi ndi vi dualwrongs

areentitledtoth ei rrigh tsassuch .Andth emajori tywh oaieAmeri-cansbybirth ,educationandsen-timent,differfromth erestofusonlyasdoth eCh i nese,bycom-plexionandcountenance.Acceptingth emili tarydeci-

si onth atth eplaceforallth esegroups,duringth ewar,i sout-sideth i smili tarydistri ct—wh ysh ouldth ey,i nth eplaceswh ereth eyarepermittedtoreside,betreateddifferentlyfromAmeri-cansorfriendlyaliensofoth erancestries?Th erearedoubtlesssomedan-gerousi ndi vi dualsamongth oseofItalianblood,someofwh ommaynotyeth avebeencaugh t. Butweh aveoffici allyclassifi edallth erestofth eItalian aliensas"friend,"andth eciti zens,bybirthornaturalizati on,as j ustAmeri-cans.Wesh oulddoth esamewithth e"stateless"refugeesfromNaziGermany,and willpresumablysoondoso.Andweh avenotseg-regatedGermanaliensexceptforindi vi dualmisconductorth esus-pici onofi ntendingi t.Th eJapaneseproblem i smorediffi cultbecauseth ei rph ysi caldifferenceisvi si ble.Buti tcanbesolved,with safetyandJus-tice,i fth ati swh atwewanttodo. Andth epostwarproblemwillbeenormouslysimpli fi ed,i fwedoso.

ABassinetteforTh eBabyBorn i nRelocationCenter

Nisei Woman:

"Ifyou'reoneofth emanyyoungnisei wiveswh oaregoingto h avebabiessoon,youllbei nterestedi nma<ui i gadaintybassinetteforth eoaby'sfirstmonth s.ftomenowacribseemsbigandawKvvardforth enew-bornbaoy.bassinettes,onth eoth erh and,areth eperfectsettingforbabiesuptosix month s,oreveneigh tmonth s.Certainly during th ose first

week swh enanewmoth erdoesn'twanttobendovertoomuch ,i t'seasiertolayth ebabyi ntoabassi-netteth at'stable-h ei gh t,th ani ntoacrib.Sinceth ebeadingi ssmal-eri nsize,th ere'slesswash i ngofbedcloth es.Andfinally,th ewell-caredforbassinettecan be farmoresanitaryth ananycrib.Th ecostofmak i ngabassinettei s verylow.Nor i sth ereanywaste,forth ematerialcoveringth ebassinettecanalwaysbeturnedintosometh i ngelselater— babycloth es,quiltsandbedcloth esforth e baby,pillows,undercloth es,etc.,dependinguponth ematerialused.Andth ebaseofth ebassi-nette—th ecloth esbask et— i sal-waysusefullateron.Forth ematerial,useanyth i ngyoudesire..Becauseofth edusti nth ecenters,i t'softenwisetousea h ard-fini sh edfabric i nprefer-encetoasofterone,wh i ch h oldsdust.Th ematerialmustbewash -able,ofcourse.Youcanusenain-sook ,cambric,batiste,dimi ty,dot-tedSwiss,oranyofth eoth ersoft,th i n materials used forbabycloth es.Oryoucanusech i ntz,someth i ngi nadaintypattern.Th erei s,forexample,atinyflowerprintonawh i teback groundth atwouldbeespeciallygood.Th erearegingh am,linen,ray-onoreyeletfabrics,i fyouwanttousesometh i ngalittle h eavi erandmoretrim.For trimmi ng, youmigh ttry

laceforth ereallyfluffytypeofbassinette.Orth ere'seyeletedg-i ng,wh i ch i sparticularlynice,orth e h eavi ercroch et-typeedging.Oth erwi se,youcanusepleatingorrufflesofth esamematerial.(From th eMini dok aIrrigator)Inbuyingftbassinette,wesug-gestyoulook foralaundrybas-k et. Getoneatleast80inch eslong.Youcan,ofcourse,buyareg-ularbassinette. Th esecome per-fectlyplainforlessth antwodol-lars,oryoucangoi ntoth eh i gh erandfancierbrack ets.Th eexpen-siveonescomewith th eprotectingh ood,butth i s i sn'ta necessity.Youungetanordinarylaundrybask etforafewpenniesmoreth anadollar.Haveyourh usbandattach th e

bask ettoasmallframe(fourlegsandcrosstoppieces)tobringth ebask ettoth edesired h ei gh t.Ifyouwish ,youcanmerelyattachth ebask ettoasmalltable.Th i si sreallyth efirmestmeth odofan-ch ori ngth ebassinette.Th esimplestmeth odofdecorat-i ngth ebassinettei sbyli ni ng11with a quiltedli ni ngtoppedoffwith aruffle.Inth i smeth odonlyth e i nsi deofth ebask eti strim-med. Usestiffpaperto mak <yourpattern,fitti ngi toverh allofth e i nnerside. Cutfourofth ese,allowingforseams. Linewith cottonquilti ng.Youcanbuyaready-mademat-

tressormak eyourown. Th eyarenotdiffi culttomak e.Mak eapillowandquilttomatchth elini ng. Arufflearoundth epillow i sni ce.Anoth erwaytofixupth eh as

sinetteisbylini ngth ei nsi dean<addingadeepflounceallaroumth eoutside. Th i sflouncecanbemade j ustlongenough tocometoth ebottom ofth ebask etorcanbe made longenough to cometoth efloor.Th i s,ofcourse,mak esasuper-specialbassinette,butanybaby i i worth th eextrawork .

Post-WarWorld:ProgramofSecurityforAllOutlinedByVice-PresidentWallace

WASHINGTON—HitIer'sdesperatebidfora Nazi worldorderisalreadyon i tswaytoultimatedownfall,HenryWallace,vicepresidentofth etJnitedStates,saidi naspeech commemorat-i ngth ebi rth dayofWoodrowWilson,and"wh enth eHi tlerregimefinallycollapsesandth eJapanesewarlordsaresmash ed,anen-tirelynewph aseofworldh i storywillbeush ered i n.""Asterritorypreviouslyover-

runbyth eGermansandth eJapa-nese i sreoccupiedbyth eforcesofth eUnitedNations,measuresofreliefandreh abi li tati onwillh avetobeundertak en,"h esaid.Criti ci zi ngth osewh oaretryingtoscareth eAmericanpeoplei ntoth i nk i ngth atwesh allsupportth eworldafterth ewar,Mr.Wallaceattack ed th esh ort-sigh tedpolicywh i ch resulted i nourrefusingtotak egoodsi npaymentofdebtsduringth etwenties,exch angi ngourgoods i nsteadforbondsofdoubtfulvalue.ImprovedLivi ngStandard*"Oursurpluswillbefargreat-

erth aneverwith i nafewyearsafterth i swarcomestoanend,"stated th evicepresident. "Wecanbedecentlyh umanandreallyh ard-h eadedi fweexch angeourpostwarsurplusfor goods,,forpeaceandfori mprovingth estand-ardoflivi ngofso-calledback wardpeoples.Wecangetmoreforoursurplusproduction i n th i swayth anbyany h i gh -tari ff,penny-pinch i ng,i solationi stpolici eswh i chh i deunderth ecloak of100percentAmericani sm....Iti sonlywh enoth erpeoplesareprosper-ous andeconomicallyproductiveth atwecanfindexportmark etsamongth emforth eproductsofourfactoriesandourfarms."Disarmament,prevention of

economicwarfareandenh anci ngeconomicpeaceamongnations,andani nternationalcourttoset-tledisputes wereforeseenasnecessarypostwarmeasuresbyth evi cepresident.Turning h i sattention to th eproblemofemployment,Mr.Wal-laceremark edth atafterth ewari twi llbevi taltomak esureth atanoth erperiodof.unemploymentdoesnotcatch usunprepared."Th esuggestion h asbeen made," h esaid,"th atcongresssh ould for-mallyrecognize th emai ntenanceoffullemploymentasadeclarednationalpolicy,j ustasi tnowrec-ognizesasnationalpolici esth erigh toffarmerstoparityofi n-comewith oth ergroupsandth erigh tofwork erstounemploymenti nsurance. Recommending th emaintenanceoffullemploymentasa j oi ntresponsibi li ty ofprivatebusiness and government, h epointed out th at governmentspendingcan-be reducedbyth efullpeacetimeproductionofpri-vateenterprises.AverageMan'sVi ew'Th e averagemanlook s ati tth i sway,th evi cepresidentsaid:"Ifeverybodycanbegivena j obi nwarwork now,wh ycan'tev-erybody h avea j ob i npeacetimeproductionlateron?"Yetwith -outwell-plannedandvigorousac-tion,aseriesofeconomicstormswi llaccompanyth econversionofi ndustryfrom wartopeace,h esai d.Th e attemptwh i ch WoodrowWilson made,ageneration ago,to preserve th e world's peace

th rough unitedaction,mustnotfailth i stime,saidMr.Wallace."Indeed,i twouldbeth eh ei gh toffollynottoprepareforpeace,Justas.i nth eyearspriortoDecember7,1941,i twould h avebeen th eh ei gh toffollynottoprepareforwar."Two ofth eprinci ples wh i chsh ould guideth eplanningofapostwarworldare liberty andunity,"or,i noth erwords, h omerule and centralized auth ori ty,wh i ch formore th an 150yearsh ave been th efoundationstonesofourAmericandemcoracy....Th eUnitedNations,li k eth eUni t-edStates150yearsago,aregrop-i ngforaformulawh i ch willgiveth egreatestpossibleli bertywith -outproducinganarch yandatth esametimewillnotgivesomanyrigh tstoeach membernationasto jeopardizeth esecurityofall."Justasth eAmericanArticlesofConfederationproved inadequatebeforeth eadoptionofth eConsti-tution,soth epresentworldneedsastrongi nstrumenttocopewithth efactth ati ti smorefirmlyboundtogeth ereconomicallyth anth ecolonieswerei n1787,?aidth evi cepresident.Th emaximumofh omeruleth at

canbemaintai nedalongwi th th emi ni mumofcentralizedauth ori tynecessary to guarantee i nterna-ti onalsecuritymustbeth eguidi ngprinci pleofafreeworldafterth ewar.Inoursearch foracommonmeetinggrounduponwh i ch th epeopleofth eworldcanstand,Mr.Wallacesaid,"th esecurityofth eplainfolk sagainstde-pressionandagainstwar"willprovideth ebasis."Nowatlastth enationsofth eworldh aveasecond ch ance toerectalastingstructureofpeace—astructuresuch asth atwh i chWoodrow Wilsonsough ttobuild,butWh i ch crumbledawaybecauseth eworldwasnotyetready."PleaforCooperationClosing h i saddresswith apleaforth ecooperationofallmen,Mr.Wallacesaid:"Th i snew democracywillgive

usfreedomsuch aswe h aveneverk nown,butonlyi fas i ndi vi dualsweperformourdutieswith willi ngh earts.Itwillbeonadventurei nsh ari ng—sh ari ngofdutiesandre-sponsibi li ti esand sh ari ngofth e..j oyth atcancomefromth egive-and-tak eofh umancontactsandfruitfuldailylivi ng."Outofi t,i fweall ourpart,th erewillbenewopportunityandnewsecurityforth ecommonman—th atblendoflibertyandunitywh i ch i sth ebrigh tgoalofmil-lionswh oarebravelyofferingupth ei rli vesonth ebattlefroi i ta 01th eworld."

HeartMountain'sResidentstoBuildNewBowlingAlleyHEARTMOUNTAIN,Wyo.—Answeringth eneedfori ncreased

recreationalfacili ti es, th e com-munityenterprisesatHeartMoun-tai nh aveplannedarecreationcen-terfeaturinganeigh t-alleybowl-i ng section, a soda fountain,h amburgerk i tch en,andbilli ardsorpingpong section,reportsth eHeartMountainSentinel.Th e recreationcenterwi llbe

h ousedi naT-sh apedbuildi ngwitha95by61footwingforth ebowl-i ngalleys. Th e soda fountain,booth s, h amburger k i tch en anabilli ardorpingpongtableswilloc-cupyth eremaini ngspace,wh i chwillbe100by20feet.Th reeCCCbuildi ngtobebrough ti h erefromPowellwillbeusedforbuildi ngmaterial,andconstructionwillbeginassoonaswork menareavailable.Communityenterprisesh as,since

i tsi nception,'i nsti tutedeigh tmaj orservicesforth ecenter,i ncludingtwofoodstores,adrygoodsstore,mailorderservice,sh oe repairsh op,drycleaningservices,firei n-suranceserviceandaCodyTradingcompanyorderdesk .

PACIFICCITIZEN Th ursday,January7,1943.6

BoiseValleyCh apterActiveInCommunityWelfareWork

ByHOWARDFUJIIActivi ti esofth enewlyformed

BoiseValleych apterofth ei nter-mountaindistri ct,JapaneseAmer-i canCiti zensLeague,for1942cen-teredaroundproblemsofth egrouplivi ngi nanationatwar.Th efi rstprojectundertak enwasaWarBond drive,i ni ti atedbyth epurch aseofa$100bondbyth eorganizati on.Duringth eyear,membersofth eBY ch apterandoth erJapaneselivi ngi nth eareah avepurch asedwellover$15,000worth ofbonds.Everyeffortpos-sible i s beingmadeto i ncreaseth etotal.Presentplanscallforth econtinuationofth eprojectforth ecomingyear.Contributi onsweremadebyth eorganizati ontoth eRedCross,tneUSO andtoth eMalh eurcountydefense council. Members wereurgedto contribute i nth ei ndi -vidualcommuniti esi nwh i ch th eylived toth e variousserviceor-ganizati onsaswellasto j oi nth elocalRedCrossandtak eparti nlocalorganizati onsand projectaContributi onstoth erubberandmetalsalvagedriveswerealsogiv-entolocalcommuniti esi nwh i chth ememberslived.Ch aptermembersassistedlastspringi nmak i ngoutalienprop-ertyreportsandaidedi nsecuringtravelpermitsforth osewh osebusinessrequiredth em.Wh eneverpossible,members didallth eycouldtoi nterpretgovernmentreg-ulationsandassistth eolderpeoplei nfilli ngoutrequiredformsandreports.Th eorganizati oncarriedouttwoCh ri stmasprojects. Giftsweresenttomembersofth ech apteri nth earmedforcesandatoydrivewasconductedforch i ldreni nth erelocationcenters.DonationswerecollectedduringNovemberandDecemberth rough -outth evalloyto h elpfinanceth ework ofth ech apterforth enextyear. Th eolderpeopleandnon-membersaswellasmemberscon-tributedliberally.Th esocialprogram,h eadedbyGeorgeHash i tani ofWeiser,Ida-h o,vicepresidentofth eBYch ap-ter,offeredawidevarietyofso-cialeventsforth e membersh i p.Besidesdances,socialsandlawnparties,th eprogramfeaturedth eannualoutingatWarmLak e,Ida-h o.Duringth ecourseofth esea-son,exch angedanceswere h eldwith residentsofboth th eNyssa,Ore.,andCaldwell,Idah o,FarmSecurity admini stration laborcamps.Mi k eMasaok a,nationalsecre-taryand fi eldexecutiveofth eJACL,metwith (h ech aptertwiceduringth eyear. Hisfi rstvisi tfollowedsoonafterth eaffili ati onofth e groupwith th e NationalJACLandth esecondduringth e

MembersandJapanesei nAreaPurch asedMoreTh an$15,000i nWarBondsDuringYear;EvacueesAssistedbyJACLGroup.

i nspectiontourbyJACLoffici alsofth efarm laborcamps i nth earea.Duringth elattervisi t,Masa-

ok a presentedth e ch apterch ar-teri ssuedbyth enationalcoun-ciltoMrs.Marth aNish i tani ,Cald-well,Idah o,presidentofth eBYch apter.Duetoth egeograph i cconditi onandpoliti calboundaryexisti ngi nth eterritoryinwh i ch membersofth ech apterlive,problemsarisi ngwith th earri valofevacueelabor-erswerelefttomemberslivi ngi n th e widely scattered area.Work i ng wi th localcommercialclubs,ch ambersofcommerce,lawenforcementagenciesandoth eror-ganizati ons,memberswereablei neach localitytoh elpsolveexisti nglocalproblems.Telegramssentbymembers i n

th eOregondistri ctofth e BYch apteri nMaytoth eevaej aaatth ePortlandreceptioncenter,as-sistedi ngivi ngth em atruep»»tureofconditi onsasth eyexistedh ere. With th eestablish mentofth eFSAfarmlaborcampatNys-sa,Ore.,memberslivi ngi nth eareawork edi nmanywaystoh elpth ecampresidents. Forexam-ple,oneyoungfarmertook ti meofffrom h i swork ,andwith h i stractor,h elpedtoclearoffandlevelgroundforabaseballdia-mond. Oth ers metwith sugarcompanyandemploymentserviceoffici alstodiscussandwork outsolutionstoexisti ngproblems.Th rough outth e summer,th eeastern Oregonians cooperatedwi th residents ofth ecamp i nwork i ngoutanath leti candsocialprogram. Th us,membersofth eBY JACLlivi ngi nOregoncon-tributedaservicetoth ei rcom-munityandwereabletoaddalittletoth eenjoymentofevac-ueeswork i ngoutofth eNyssacamp.

New OgdenJACLOfficersInstalledByMi k eMasaok a

OGDEN,Utah — Newlyelectedmembersofth eOgdenJACLcab-i netwerei nstalledbyMi k eMas-aok a,nationalsecretary,i nspecialceremoniesduringth ei ntermissi onofth e h oli daydanceh eldDecem-ber26atth eTh i rdWardamuse-menth all.Mak aok awasi ntroducedbyTat-

suoKoga,IDC secretary.Headingth enewcabinetisJi roTsuk amoto,formervice-president.Assisti ngTsuk amotoonth ecab-i netwillbeToyseKato,vice-pres-i dent;Yosh i Sato,recordingsec-retary;Fumi k oTak ah ash i ,corres-pondingsecretary;Mich i yoMuk ai ,treasurer;and Mrs.Ayak oOta,reporter.

VitalStatisti cs

GilaRi ver.Tak esh i Watanabe,onDec.11,atManzanar.IsaoUyematsu,onDec.24,at

Manzanar.Mrs.Sak i Tayama,onDec.24,atManzanar.Otoh ei Hatanak a,68,onDec.26,

atHeartMountain.Tatsuj i Goto,72,onDec.29,atHeartMountain.

BIRTHSToMrs.Toraj i Mano,aboy,Hi-tosh i ,onDec.5,atLosAngeles

generalh ospi tal.ToMrs.HanaeTeramoto,aboy,Kenj i ,onDec.6atManzanar.ToMrs.Doroth yFuj i no,aboy,Harumasa,onDec.8,atManzanar.ToMrs.AsayoMinami ,agirl,Tosh i k o,onDec.9,atManzaanr.ToMrs.Mich i Kimura,aboy,WayneKeich i ,onDec.10,atMan-zanar.ToMrs.Tosh i k o Yosh i h ara,a

boy,Yuk i oNorman,onDec.14,atManzanar.ToMrs!Ritsuk oEder,aboy,VincentEdward,onDec.16,atManzanar.ToMrs.RamondSagawa,agirl,

onDec.17,atGilaRi ver.ToMrs.Sh i gezumi Hayash i ,agirl,Ki k uye,onDec.17,atRoh -wer.To Mrs.HarryKanimura,a

boy,onDec.18,atGilaRi ver.ToMrs.OscarFuj i i ,aboy,on

Dec.20,atJerome.ToMrs.BobHanda,agirl,on

Dec.21,atGilaRi ver.'ToMrs.BenNish i mura,agirl,onDec.21,atGilaRiver.ToMrs.Mich i o Yamamoto,a

boy,HideoBob,onDec.23,atRoh -wer.ToMrs.KazuoManabe,agirl,onCh ri stmasday,atRoh wer.ToMrs.Yeish uOsh i ro,aboy,onDec.28,atRoh wer.ToMrs.HayatoSak amoto,ason,

onDec.26,atGila.ToMrs.Tak eo Matsumoto, agirl,onDec.27,atGilaRi ver.ToMrs.Hirosh i Matsumoto,aboy,onDec.29,atGilaRi ver.ToMrs.Asak oKanek o,agirl,onDec.21,atManzanar.ToMrs.Yosh i yeIwase,aboy,onDec.22,atManzanar.ToMrs.LillyKitah ara,aboy,

onDec.24,atManzanar.ToMrs.Tak etoJo.agirl,on

Dec.29,atPoston.ToMrs.Sh i ngoNoritak e,agirl,onDec.29,atPoston.ToMrs.HarrySak asegawa,aboyGerry,atPoston.ToMrs.BenTanisawa,aboy,onDec.21,atGilaRiver.ToMrs.Masayosh i Goto,aboy,Masaich i Rich ard,onDec.22,atJerome.To Mrs.Kanae Yamaguch i ,agirl,onCh ri stmasday,atJerome.ToMrs.Mitsuh i k oKak i uch i ,a

boy,onDec.26,atJerome.ToMrs.Ch orgeKak u,agirl,on

Dec.27,atJerome.ToMrs.RobertYosh i mune,aboy,onDec.27,atJerome.ToMrs.Masaye Miyamoto,a

boy,atManzanar.ToMrs.KuniyeNagao,aboy,atManzanar.ToMrs.CarlSh ogi ,aboy,on

Dec.27,atPoston.ToMrs.FluInaba,agirl,Sh ar-on-leeEtsuk o.onDec.18,atGra-nada.ToMrs.MasaNak ano,aboy,DennisMasaj i ,onDec.19,atGra-nada.ToMrs.Willi am Hi deoSh i ral,aboy,Kiyosh i Robert,onDec.22,atGranada.ToMrs.Senosuk eKimura,aboy,RogerAk i ra,onDec.22,atGra-nada.ToMrs.Hich i roKimura,aboy,onDec.25,atGranada.ToMrs.Nisayosh i Nagai ,agirl,onDec.27,atGranada.ToMrs.IsamuYosh i da,aboyon

Dec.23,atHeartMountain.To Mrs.Katsusuk eSh i sh i ma,aboyonDec.26,atHeartMountain.

DEATHSJamesIto,onDec.6,atMan-

zanar.JamesKanegawa,onDec.11,at

Manzanar.Tak esh i Watanabe,onDec.11,atManzanar.Infantdaugh terofMr.andMrs.Masayosh i Watanabe,onDec.17,atHeartMountain.Ei k i Osh i ro,55,onDec.19,atHeartMountain.Mrs.Ch i yoSuzuk i ,46,onDee.19.atGilaRi ver.Mrs.MineAsak i ,47,onDec.20,atJerome.Hoich i Sumida,64,onDec.20,atGilaRiver.Hirok oNoma,i nfantsonofMr.

andMrs.Otoich i Noma,onDec.25.atJerome.TsuyaKoga,45,onDec.25,at

Poston.CarolLeeKayomi Matsunuira.

onDee.26.atPoston.BettyMasak oOh i ,onDec.26,atPo«ton.Tovoj i roNak amura,69,onDec.

22,atGranada..DaisnVuMatsunaga,75,onDec.29,atPoston.Ofok fch lMasuda,52,onDec.27.atTopac.Mrs.ElYosh i wara,45,atGra-

nada.TsuneoNogueh l,onDee.28,at

JapaneseParkFountainAddedToScrapHeapHONOLULU,T.H.— AHono-lululandmark of25yearsstand-i ng— aJapaneseph oeni xfoun-tai ni nKapi olani Park wh i ch waspresentedtoth ecitytocommem-orateth ecoronationofEmperorYosh i h i to— wastorndown re-centlyandcartedofftoth escraph eap,th eUnitedPressreported.Destruction ofth e fountain,wh i ch servedasagath eri ngplaceforcelebrationsbymembersofth eJapanesecommunity,camaafterdemandsfori ts demoliti onweremadebyciti zens.Oneciti zensuggestedth atHon-oluluansfollowth eexan.pleet.-tbypatriotsi nNewYork atth eti meofth e'RevolutionaryWar,wh oattach edastoutropetoaleadequestrianstatueofKingGeorge111i nBowlingGreen,pulledi tdownandmelted i ti ntobulletsforth eContinentalarmy.Itwassuggestedth atplacesonth epullingropetobeattach edtoth e i mperi alph oeni xfountainbesoldtoAmericans— ofJapaneseextractionofoth erwi se— with agrievanceagainstth estatueorth eJapaneseempire.Th i ssuggestionwasth rownout,h owever,wh enth epark sl.oardauth ori zedth euseofcity-countywork menforth ej ob.

HistoricFlagGivenToHeartMountainByWyomingPioneerHEARTMOUNTAIN,Wyo.—AnAmericanflag,wh i ch foroverh alfacenturywasth etreasuredpossessionofitsowner,waslastmonth presented to th e HeartMountainprojectandi snowdis-playedatth elocalGi rlScouth ead-quarters.Th eflagwaspresentedbyJ.L.Werts ofGarlanduponreadingMollyMittwer'scolumn,"HeartMountainBreezes,"i nth ePowellTribuneofDecember10,i nwh i chMrs.Mi ttwerdeclaredth atHeartMountainresidentsh adlongwant-edanAmericanflag,such asth eoneth atfliesoverth eMl'bar-rack s.Werts,born i nOh i o i n 1862,

purch asedth eflagwh i le i n th edrugbusinessi nlowa.Uponcom-i ngtoWyomingi n1910asah ome-steader,h eputth eflag,awayandbough tasmallerone.Th eorigi nalflaglayamongh i smostch eri sh edpossessionsuntil h e read Mrs.MittwerV-columnand h edecidedtopresenti ttoHeartMountain.

EvacueeWork erReturnstoRailroadRITZVILLE,Wash .— DeputySh eri ffPaulPlagersaid h erelastweek th ataJapanesework manemployedwi th agroupofoth erwork ersofJapaneseancestryonarailroadcrew i nAdamscountyh addisappearedDecember16andre-turnedtendayslater.

MARRIAGESMarieDoi toEi j i Mori k awa,on

Dec.17,atCody,Wyo.MasaeWak aaugi toJamesKon-

do,onDec.19,atCody,Wyo.TayeSuruk i toJack Yuok a,onDec.23,atJerome.Sach i k oNak atatoPfc. Tomio

FredOta,onDec.22,atManzanar,Yosh i yeYamamototoGenj i Na-

k ata,atJerome.Yuk i k oMiyagata,22,toMltsuoMiyamoto,25,onDec.28,atRoh -wer.Asak oSh i mi zu to Pfc.Matsu-sh i ge,onDec.23,atHeartMoun-tai n.

WPBAsk edtoStopBuildi ngCenterSch oolColoradoSenatorCarriesonFigh tAgai nstWRAProject

WASHINGTON—Th eWarPro-ductionBoardwasask edonDe-cember28bySenatorEdJoh nsono{Coloradotowith h oldconstruc-tionofa$308,000sch ooldevelop-mentbyth eWarRelocationAu-th ori tyatth erelocationcenteratGranada,Colo.Th esenator,wh oh asprotestedth eexpendituretoDillonS.Myer,WRA ch i ef,accordingtoAssoci-atedPress,saidh epresumed W-PB h adapprovedth eprojectbe-foreth eauth ori tydecidedtogoth rough wi th i t. Apparently,h eadded,Myerdidnoti ntendtostopi t.

CountytoFaceBasicRaceProblemsAfterWar,IsBeliefSANJOSE,Calif.— Basicracialproblemswillbe faced by th i scountryafterth ewar,C.D.Loper,SanJoseYMCAboys'work secre-tary,remindedmembersofth eSanJose j uni orch amberofcommercelastweek .Speak i ngatalunch eon,Loperreferredparticularlytoth eNegroandJapaneseproblems.He reminded th e j ayceesth ataxispropagandistsaremak i ngth emostofth esi tuationi nth i scoun-try"with somedegreeofj usti fi -cation."HereferredtoSenatorBilbo's

recent fili busteri n th e UnitedStatessenateasanexampleofth ewayoneofth eseraciali ssues i sbeingsidetrack ed.AresidentofHonolulubeforeleavingforth estatesDecember6,1941,h esaidracialviews i nth ei slandsaremoretolerantth anonth emai nland.Asanexample,h esaidth epresidentofth eHonoluluRotaryClubwasanegro,wh i leth e j uni orch amberofcommerceh ad JapaneseandCh i nese i ni tsmembersh i p.

CanalSch oolAreaBeautifi edbyLawnsRIVERS,Ariz.—Sch oolgroundsatCanal,oneofth eGilacentertowns,arerapidlybeingbeauti-fiedwith lawns,sh rubs,flowersandwalk s,accordingtoth eNewg-Courier.A25-mancrewunderForemanHarryIk eoh asplantedAustralianryeforth elawnstosurviveth ewintermonth s. Bermuda grasswillbeplantedi nFebruaryforapermanentlawn.Cannali li esandOrientaltrees

h ave been planted around th ebuildi ngs.

CoupleArrestedforTh eftofGoodsStoredbyEvacueesMARYSVILLE,Calif.—Amananda woman were h eld i ncityj ai li nMarysvillelastweek afterth ey h adallegedlyburglarizedastoreroom i nwh i ch Japanesefam-i li es,evacuatedlastspringfromth i sarea,h adstoredth ei rh ouse-h oldpossessions.Th eaccusedcouple,Mr.andMrs.

ErnestT.Th ompsonofMarysville,wereallegedtoh avesoldth estolenproperty locally and atoth erpoints.

PACIFICCITIZENTh ursday,January7,1948.7

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Nisei CagersDefeatCh i neseSquad i nNewYork TourneyAmericansofJapaneseCh i neseAncestryJoinInDanceAfterGame

NEW YORK— A sampleofh ow Americandemocracywork swasenactedlastTuesdaywh enateam ofAmericansofJapaneseancestry played an American-Ch i nesefivewith anItalianAmer-i canreferee.Th e JapaneseAmericans,th eJapaneseYoungPeople'sCh ri sti anFederation team, defeated th eCh i neseSocialAth leti cclub,24--20, i naclosecontest. Ath alf-'timeth eCh i neseled,12-10,buti nth elastquarterth eni sei teamcamefrombeh i ndtowinth ei rfirstgameofth etournament.Sixteamsareentered i n th e

Ch urch ofAllNationsannualbas-k etballtournament.Afterth egameth enisei teamcaptainedby TogeFuj i h i ra,ar-rangedwith DanWong,captainofth eCh i nesesquad,forareturngame.I■;Th enabout200young"Ch i nese"

and"Japanese"spectators— allAmericansli k eth eath letesandth eleferee— h eldadanceofth e"zootsuit"j i tterbugvariety,th eAssociatedPressreported.

Kawai,Tash i roSpeakOnJACLatGilaCenterMeetings

RIVERS,Ariz.—Acallfornewbloodi nJACLleadersh i pbyNobuKawai,ch ai rmanofth eexecutiveboard ofth e GilaRiverJACL,h i gh li gh tedth esecondmeetingofth egroup i nth esouth sectionofButtecampatth eGi larelocationcenterrecently.Kawai sai dth atnewleadersh i pwouldmak eforliberalpolici es.Kawai andKenTash i ro,editorofth eGi laNews-Courier,appear-edonDecember18atameetingsponsoredbyth eButteYPA.Moreth an200membersofth eYPAandi nterested issei h eard th epurspeak . 'Noteworth yamongth equestion*

wh i ch followedKawai'stalk wasth equerypertaini nctoth eJA-CL'sstand i nth eselectiveserviceruling,wh i ch si nceApril,1942,h asbarrednisei from enlisti ngth rough th eregulardraftch an-nels.Th eNewe-CourierreportedKa-wai spok eforalldelegatesatth enationalJACLmeetingwh en h eansweredth atth e JACL'*figh tagainstdiscri mi nati on i nth emat-terofequalri gh tsandprivi legesalso meantafigh tagainstdis-cri mi nati oni nth ematterofob-ligati onsth atarealsoan i ntegralp.rtofAmericanciti zensh i p.

New48-HourWeekInstitutedforWRAWork ersatTopazTOPAZ,Utah —lnlinewith th ech i efexecutive'scallonth ena-tionforanall-outefforti nth epresentemergency,th eWRA h asj oi nedwith allgovernmentalagen-ci esi nestablish i nga48-h ourworkweek andwork i ngon daysli k eJanuary1,wh i ch previouslyh adbeenconsideredasanationalh oli -day.Th erelocationcenteratTo-pazwilldo i tsparttoconformwith th ePresident'srequest,wh i chwillaffectallwork ers.Beginni ngi mmediately,th enewwork i ngsch edulesfrom Mondayth rough Saturdayth rough eachweek wi j lbefrom 9 a.m.to6p.m.,with anh ouroffforlunch .

Mich eoYamagataElectedPresidentOfRexburgJACLREXBURG, Idah o— Mich eoYamMratawaselectedpresidentofth eYellowstonech apterofth eJA-CLatth e organizati on's recentmeeting.HewillsucceedKiyosh i Sak o-ta,wh owaselectedvicepresidentforth ecomingyear.Oth er officers include Sumi k oYamasak i ,correspondinf? secre-tary;Mich i ve Sak ota,recordingsecretary:HaruoYamasak i ,treas-urer;Jack K.Matsuda,asßistanttreasurer;DonnaF.Matsuda,re-porter,andStomieHanami,dele-gate.

MaryMuramotoWedsDr.Nak adatei nIndianaCeremony

EASTCHICAGO,Ind.—Dr.Kat-sumi Nak adata,28,EastCh i cagoph ysi ci anandsurgeonandafirstlieutenanti nth eU.S.armymedi-calcorpsreserve,wasmarriedre-centlytoMaryMuramoto,.27,alsoofEastCh i cago.Th eHammond,Ind.,Times re-

portedth atboth Dr.Nak adateandh i sbridesh owedPortland,Ore.,"birth certifi cateswh enth eyobtaln-edAth ei rmarriagelicenseatCrownPoint.Mrs.Nak adate'smoth erresidesatth eMini dok arelocation«enteri nIdah o,i twasstated.AresidentofEastCh i cagoforth epastth reeyears,Dr.Nak a-dateservedasani nterneatSt.Cath eri ne h ospi talbeforeh e be-cameassociatedwith Dr.GeorgeF.Bick nelllastJuly.Th eyoungmedicalsoservedatth eWayneh ospi tali nDetroitandreceivedh i sreservearmycommisi soni nJune,1939. He i sagraduateofth eUniversityofOregon.Th eweddingwas-h eld i nth e

parsonage ofth eEastCh i cagoMeth odi stch urch .Afterth ecere-mony, Dr.and Mrs.Nak adategreetedfriendsatareception h eldatth eh omeofDr.F.H.Mervis.i twasreported.Th ecoupleleftafterth eweddingfora h oneymoon i nCh i cagoandi nMi nneapolis,wh ereMrs.Nak a-date h asabroth eri n an armytraini ngcamp.

Sumi k oAndoWedsSadaoNagatai nIdah oFallsRitesIDAHO FALLS,Idah o—Ati m-pressiveritessh ortlybeforenoononCh ri stmasDay,MissSumi k oAndobecameth ebri deofSadaoNegata,sonofMr.andMrs.S.NagataofSugarCi ty,Idah o.Th eceremonywasperformedbyBish -opMarionL.Murdock ath i sh omei nSugarCitybeforemembersofth e couple's i mmedi ate famili esandclosefriends.Aweddingdinnerwas h eldatth eh omeofth ebridegroom'spar-entsafterth eceremony.MissAndoi saregisterednurse,h avi nggraduatedfrom th eL.D.S.Hospitali nIdah oFalls. Sh ei salsoanactivememberofth eIdah oFallsJACL.Mr.Nagatagraduatedfrom th eUniversityofIdah o i n Moscowi n1940.Heisatpresentengagedi nfarming i nSugarCity.AweddingdanceandreceptionwasannouncedforJanuary2 i nh onorofth eyoung-coupleandMr.andMrs.IsamuMayeda,wh oweremarriedrecentlyi nSaltLak eCity.Invitati ons were extendedto

friendsandJACLmembersofIda-h oFalls,PocatelloandRexburg.

TuleAdultEducationHasLargeEnrollmentNEWELL,Calif.—With evacu-

ees h oldi ngforty-sevenofforty-eiarh tpostsas i nstructorsi nth eadulteducationdepartmentatTuleLak e,th edepartmenth asatotalenrollmentof2995 students,re-portsth eDispatch .Coursesoffered includeanimal

h usbandry, cloth i ng,commercialsnbiecti ,cosmetology,economics.English ,h umanrelations,math e-matics,psych ologyandwoodwork .

Health Examinati onsHeldforCh i ldrenAtPostonCenterPOgTON.Ariz.—Moreth antwoth ousandch i ldren i ncsmos 1.2and8ofPostonh avealreadyre-ceivedth orough h ealth examina-ti onsbycenterdoctors,wh oh op*ltoh aw i nspectedth etotalsch oolpopulationbyFebruary1,necord-i n*tonnarticle i nth ePostonCh roni clebySally Lucas Jean,h ealth educationconsultant.Parentsare i nvi tedtoth eex-ominsti ons i norderto h aveth edoctor1! opini on ofeach ch i ld,Te«*h ersarealsopresent.Th eworV h asbeenearripdonundertt»«directionofOnrpeKn-waieh i ,M.D.,ch i efofth epublich ealth section.

NewCh urch MayBeBuiltatHeartMountainHEARTMOUNTAIN,Wyo.—PlansforconstructionofaHeartMountain Community Ch ri sti anch urch ,madepossiblebyagrantbyth eBoardofNationalMissi onsofth ePresbyterian ch urch ,"arenow nearingcompletion,reportsth eHeartMountainSentinel.Th enorth eastcornerofth eh i gh

sch oolloth asbeench osenasth etentativesiteofth ebuildi ng.Constructionwillnotbeginun-tilth ecentersch ools h avebeenerected,buti ti sh opedth atth ededicati onofth ebuildi ngwi lltak eplaceatEaster.Th ebuildi ngwi llbe80by100feetandwillcontainach oi rroom,twostudyroomsandanoffice.Th ebuildi ngwi llbesolocatedth atHeartMountainwillbei nfullyieyrth rough asix-by-sevenfootplateglasswindow i nth ewestwallofth ech apel.

TopazElectsNewMunici palGovernmentTOPAZ, Utah — Th i rty-th ree

councilmen,comprisi ngth eelectiveassemblyofth eTopazmunici palgovernment,wereelectedbyth eadultresidentsofth ecenteronDecember29 i nth efirstregularcity-wideelections.Allcouncilmenareciti zenevacu-

ees.Th oseelectedwere:Distri ct1: PaulFuj i i ,FrankFuk udaandKaoruKimura.Di stri ct2: James Yamamoto,Yosh i aTai raandHach i roYuasa.Di stri ct3:Sh i geruKosak ura,Masaak i Sak ak i h ara,HarryTawaandKiyosuk eNomura.Di stri ct4:Joh n Izumi,KayNish i da,Masaj i Fuj i i andH.Hira-k awa.Di stri ct6: Clark eHarada,Sai-k i Muneno,GeorgeOch i k uboandKenj i Fuj i i .Distri ct6: Joh nItatsu,Ei i ch iSato,Sh i roSh i bataandGeorgeHosh i de.Di stri ct 7: GeorgeHagiwara,

JamesNish i mura,TsuneBabaandMasatoMaruyama.Distri ct8: Tak atosh i Yamamo-to,GeorgeSh i gezumi andSh i ge-tosh i Sh i gi o.Distri ct9: George Ik eda,M.

Kanemoto, Mitzi Sh i rai sh i andFrank M.Matsumoto.

Nisei Sergeanti nU.S.AirForcesVisi tsTuleLak eNEWELL,Calif.— "It'sgreattobeapartofth eUni tedStatesAirCorps,"saidStaffSergeantMaxMarutani,wh ovisi tedTuleLak elastweek onleavefromHun-terField i n Savannah ,Ga.,re-portsth eTuleanDispatch .Th eni sei ai rmanrevealedth at

h ewasdraftedonDec.4,1941,buti mmedi atelyreenlisted i nth eAirCorps."Iwasalicensedpilotforfour

yearsandIwantedtobeapartofth e ArmyAi rarm," h e wasquotedbyth eDispatch .Marutani saidh ewasreadyfor

combatdutyandwouldwelcomei t."Ih avebeentreatedwonder-fully i nth eArmy.I'vetrained2,000recruits and h ave h adnotroublewh atsoever."Marutani i s from Enumclaw,

Wash i ngton.

TopaztoRaiseBeanSproutsasExperimentProvesSuccessfulTOPAZ,Utah — With th esuc-cessfulconclusionofth eagricul-turalresearch department'sexperi-mentswi th beansprouts,facili ti eswereth i sweek being setuptoproduce1800poundsofsproutsperweek .One h undred and twenty-five

poundsofbeansproutswereraisedbyMr.andMr«.8.Toguch i .

EvacueesWork onDrainageSystemforJeromeCenter$500,000ProjectWillPreventFloodingofArk ansasLowlandAreas

DENSON,Ark .—Almostunno-ticed,th eCenter's(Jeromereloca-tioncenter)largestprojecti s i nfullswingdeepi nth edensefor-estsofth eBoeufRiverbasin,11milessouth eastofth eresidentialarea,accordingtoth eCommuni-que,projectnewspaper.Wh en completed,th e$500,000drainagesystemwilldrainexcesswaterfrom 35 square milesofland. Th i ssystem i sexpectedtopreventth ei nundationofth eproj-ectduringth erainyseason.Th eprojecti sexpectedtobecompletedbyJune,1943,accordingtoPub-licWork sDi rectorGuyB.Smith .Togettoth epresentlocation,110 h usk ynisei mustpush th reemilesth rough asoggy trailbymule-drawnwagonsandonfootwh enth estubborncreaturesbalk .Th eengineersarecuttingapath

270feetth rough th eforesttopaveth ewayforth ediggi ngofth emai ncanal.Th eyarewideni ngth enarrowpath madebyWPAwork -erstwoyearsago. Aboutamileofth emai ncanalh asbeencom-pletedsofar.■Twodredgingmach i nes,each ca-pableofdiggi ng400cubicyardsofdi rtanh our,arek epti nopera-tion24 h oursdaily,movingah eadatth erateof100li nearyardsaday.Th e BeoufRivermain,asth emaincanali stobecalled,i stobe 11mileslong,28feetwideatth ebottom,50to70feetwideatth etopand 12to 15feetdeep.Waterfrom almost600mi lesoftributariesaretofeedth i smainoutletch annel. Th eBeoufRivermainwillflowfouranda h alfmileseastofth eCenterresiden-ti alarea.Previoustowork onth eBeoufRi vermain,th eni sei clearedfourmilesofh eavytreegrowth anddebrisfromth eBeoufriver,i ntowh i ch th ewatersfrom th eman-madewaterwayswillflow.BigbayouandCrook edbayou,

both i nth eprojectarea,willalsobeclearedand redredged,sinceh eavytreegrowth andbarsorsed-i menth avereducedth eflowto50percentcapacity.Actualwork onth eprojectwas

startedOctober15byasurveyingparty.Th ecrewofengineersbe-ganclearingth eri vertwoweek slater.

LostEvacueeFoundAliveAfter3-DaySearch NearTopazTOPAZ,Utah — KozoFuk uga*,32-year-oldnisei ,wasfoundaliveandconscious on December23,some 10mi leswestofMt.Toaz,afterafive-daysearch th rough th edesertcountrysideof"Topaz cen-ter.Footprintsfoundalongadryriverwash ledtoh i sdiscoverybyKatsumi j Wak amatsu. Hak aruOda,GeorgeFuk ui andsixcow-boysfromneigh bori ngranch es.Overath ousandresidents,as-

sisted by airplanes, h orsemen,sh eeph erdesandascoreofth ead-mini strativestaffaided i n th esearch . Beaconfi reslitth ewh otemountainareaSundayandMondaynigh ts,and buglersdrawnfromth eBoyScouttroopswereondutyregularly.

Idah oGirltoLeaveForNursingCourseNAMPA,Idah o— LauraNak a-mura,wh oi sleavingforRoch es-ter,Minnesota,soontoentertrain-i ngi nnursing,was h onoredatafarewelldanceatth eH.Fuj i lres-i dence i nNampa,Idah o,onDec.29.Mr.andMrs.PaulN.BanandEdsonFuj i i wereh oststo25localniseiMi ssNak amurawasvaledictor-i anofth eNampaHigh Sch ool's1942graduatingclass. Sh ewillreceive h ertraini ngatSt.Mary'sHospitalwh i ch i saffili atedwithth eMayoClini c.

Th ursday,January7,1948.PACIFICCITIZEN8

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