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P. CastorinaDipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia
Università di Catania-Italy
17-21 November 2014 Bielefeld
CPOD 2014
Hadron Freeze-Out and
Unruh Radiation
Thermal hadron production: (open) questions
Event horizon and thermal spectrum
Unruh effect
Color event horizon and hadronization
Answering a là Unruh to the open questions
Conclusions
Questions
1) Why do elementary high energy collisionsshow a statistical behavior?
2) Why is strangeness production universally suppressedin elementary collisions?
3) Why (almost) no strangeness suppression in nuclear collisions?
4) Why hadron freeze-out for s/T^3 = 7 or E/N=1.08 Gev
Is there another non-kinetic mechanism providing acommon origin of the statistical features?
Conjecture
Physical vacuum Event horizon for colored constituents
Thermal hadron production Hawking-Unruh radiation in QCDP.C., D.Kharzeev and H.Satz -- D.Kharzeev and Y.Tuchin ( temperature)
F.Becattini, P.C., J.Manninen and H.Satz (strangeness suppression in e+e-)
P.C. and H.Satz (strangeness enhancement in heavy ion collisions)
P.C., A. Iorio and H.Satz ( entropy and freeze-out)
arXiv:1409.3104
Adv.High Energy Phys. 2014 (2014) 376982
Eur.Phys.J. C56 (2008) 493-510
Eur.Phys.J. C52 (2007) 187-201 Nucl. Phys. A 753, 316 (2005)
arXiv:0710.5373 The Unruh effect and its applicationsLuis C. B. Crispino, Atsushi Higuchi, George E. A. Matsa
Rindlerobserver
G
R. Parentani, S. Massar . Phys.Rev. D55 (1997) 3603-3613
THE SCHWINGER MECHANISM, THE UNRUH EFFECT AND THE PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED BLACK HOLES
Applications (elementary implementation)
R. Brout, R. Parentani, and Ph. Spindel, “Thermal properties of pairs produced by an electric field: A tunneling approach,” Nucl. Phys. B 353 (1991) 209.
Full analysis
F.Becattini, P.C., J.Manninen and H.Satz (strangeness suppression in e+e-)
Eur.Phys.J. C56 (2008) 493-510
24r
AS 1) Valid for a Rindler horizon ( constant acceleration)?
2) What is the scale r?
r is the typical (short) scale of quantum fluctuaction
Lambiase, Iorio, Vitiello Annals of Physics 309 (2004) 151
M.Srednicki PRL 71(1993)666
H.Terashima PRD 61(2000) 104016QFT
L. Bombelli, R. K. Koul, J. H. Lee and R. D. Sorkin, Phys. Rev. D 34, 373 (1986).
Ted Jacobson, Renaud Parentani, Horizon Entropy in Found.Phys. 33 (2003) 323-348
Statistical mechanics of causal horizon
The deep meaning of the result
based on
( at least for )0
is that the entanglement entropy density per unit horizon area is finite and universal .. In QFT
M.Srednicki PRL 71(1993)666
H.Terashima PRD 61(2000) 104016QFT
Lambiase, Iorio, Vitiello , Annals of Physics 309 (2004) 151
Tr
AS
2
4/1?
A possible understanding of the phenomenological result
7/ 3 Ts
is that it corresponds to the entanglement entropy through thecolor confinement horizon due to the string tension.
0
Entanglement hadronization
Problem of species?Entanglement explicit calculation
Preliminary – work in progressP.C., A. Iorio and H.Satz
P.C. and H.Satz arXiv:1403.3541 Hawking-Unruh Hadronization and Strangeness Production in High Energy Collisions
(a first preliminary step)
0
)0()00( STT 1ssl NN
7.06.0)0()00( sSTT
0 heavy ions
The Wrobleski factor increases from 0.25 in elementary collisionsto 0.36 in the toy (pions and kaons) model.
Horizon: One directional membrane through which nothingcan leak (classically)
Near the event horizon theory becomes two dimensional withits metric identified with the (r-t) section of the originalmetric.
Ingoing (say left moving) modes lost inside the horizon; Theycannot contribute to the near horizon theory, hence chiral.
Unruh and chiral symmetry restoration
Preliminary 2 – work in progress
sbTT
For the Unruh mechanism explains the freeze-out criteriaE/N = 1.08 Gev and suggests a physical motivation for s/T^3 = 7
0
Fundamental Physics!232 sec/10170 cmaMevT
BH fmRKgM 14.0,1011 358 /10 mkg
31920 /1010 mkgNS
But there is more statistical/entanglement ?
24
1
r
AS
Hawking-Unruh radiation in a lab!
Competitors:
Gravity analogueLasers - Unruh, Schutzhold,…Hawking-Unruh effect in Graphene - Lambiase-Iorio, PLB716,2012,334and arxive 1308.0265.
In string breaking
C. Barcelo, S. Liberati, and M. Visser, Living Rev. Rel.