Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres.ppt

8/10/2019 Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres.ppt

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Oxygen Deficient Atmos pheres Hazards & Safeguard s Page 2

Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres

About this training

What are the safe oxygen

concentration limits?

What are the signs and symptoms of

oxygen deficiency?

How and where can oxygen

deficiency occur?

What are examples of confined

spaces and enclosed areas?

How are nitrogen and other inert

gases used? What protective measures should be

taken when an oxygen deficiency

hazard exists?

What action should be taken if an

unplanned exposure occurs?

Focus our attention on

the hazards associated

with nitrogen use

more respect & less

complacency Identify protective

measures to consider

when using nitrogen

Nitrogen Use


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Nitrogen Hazard Awareness

Nitrogen is a common gas it is readily available in most plant locations through utility distribution systems,compressed gas cylinders, etc.

it is required for many plant operations so its used almost daily

it is oftentimes piped into our buildings

for lab instruments, packaging purges, etc. it makes up 78% of the air we breathe

BUT because nitrogen is so common, we sometimes forget its

hazardou s nature and b ecome com placent in how w e deal wi th i t .

Not readily detectable:without an instrument

odorless, colorless

Cant predict stratification - almost sameweight as air - will it rise or sink? Cant tell.

Very few warning signs of over exposure.


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Primary Health Concern

Inert Gases (including Nitrogen) are non-toxic inert asphyxiants

non-toxic = not poisonous

inert = non-reactive

asphyxiant = DEADLY

Asphyxiants displace oxygen ...

Death is due

not to the presence of nitrogen

but due to the absence of oxygen.


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Oxygen Concentration

23.5%

DANGER

19.5%

SAFE

DANGER

OxygenEnrichment

Asphyxiation

16%Impaired judgment &

breathing

14% Faulty judgment & rapid

fatigue

6%Difficulty in breathing,

death in minutes

Ox

ygenConcen

tration


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Examples

ConfinedSpaces

Tanks, process vessels, pits, vaults, tankcars/trucks, etc.

EnclosedAreas With

RestrictedVentilation

Analyzer buildings, deluge houses,baghouses, drumming stations, pumphouses, boiler rooms, and temporary

enclosures.

Equipment inspection covers (plastic orcanvas tarpaulins), asbestos containmentenclosures, abrasive blasting enclosures,weather protection enclosures, weldingenclosures

Near VentOpenings

Tank gauging ports and hatches, ventlines, etc.


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Protective Measures

#1 Do not use inert gases:

To drive pneumatic tools, ventilation equipment,

other gas-driven equipment

To inflate vehicle tires,

To dust equipment, machinery, or clothing,

To clear potable water lines or other water lines

that are located in occupied buildings

For spray painting

For abrasive blasting



#2 Post caution signs

Readily apparent to workers

Examples Equipment openings where an inert gaspurge, blanket, orsweep could be in an area accessible to workers,

Equipment that contains an inert gasunder normal operating

conditions and could expose workers to an oxygen-deficient

atmospherewhen opened to perform a task, and

Buildings (e.g., bag houses, analyzer buildings) which could

accumulate an inert gasdue to leaks.

CAUTIONNITROGEN

Asphyxiation Hazard

Protective Measures (continued)



CAUTION

NITROGEN

Asphyxiation Hazard

Minimize purge rate

Use a Red Tag

Addendum Route to an inaccessible

area

If accessible:

Cap, cover, wrap & tape

Barricade

Do not allow it to

accumulate


#3 Purging Out-Of-Service Equipment

ENERGY CONTROL PLAN _____

EQUIPMENT _____________________ ______ ______ ______ _______ ______ ______ ______ _

JOB DESCRIPTION ________________ ______ ______ ______ _______ ______ ______ ______ _

ISOLATION/DE-ENERGIZATION

NAME OF ISOLATIONREVIEWER______ ______ ______ __

COMMENTS/PRECAUTIONS______ ______ ______ ______ _

______ ______ ______ ______ _

______ ______ ______ ______ _

______ ______ ______ ______ _

TEMPORARY RELEASE TAG

REPAIR/ALTERAITON REP _________

OPERATIONS REP ______ _________ISOLATIONS REVIEWED

REPAIR/ALTERATION HAS BEGUN

NAME OF PERSONRETURNING

______ ______ ______ __

COMMENTS

NAME OFFIRST PERSONTOWORK ON EQUIPMENT______ ______ ______ __

EQUIPMENT TO OPERATIONS

HWP NEEDED FOR__________________ _______ ______ ____


WORK NOT ALLOWED DURING

_____________________________

TEMPORARY RELEASE_____________________________

Orange and White Temporary Release Tag

Return to Operations

From

N2 Purge

Source

CAUTION

NITROGEN

Asphyxiation Hazard

CAUTION

NITROGEN

Asphyxiation Hazard




#4 Review Work Areas & Activities

Examples

Opening purged/blanketed process equipment

Tank vents, manways, explosion panels, tank hatches, tank cars, samplinghatches, observation hatches, bag houses, analyzer buildings, instrument leads,

etc.

Working on/near purged equipment

Repair/alteration: Constructing asbestos containment or other temporary

enclosures, erecting scaffolding, inspecting equipment, performing maintenance,

etc.

Operations work: Applying purges or blankets to drums, operating tasks near

purged out-of-service equipment, etc.

Performing work that can consume or displace oxygen

Welding, applying certain types of paints and coatings, etc.




Operations

Safe Work Permit Operating Procedure

Repair / Alteration

Safe Work Permit

#5 Procedures and Permits

Isolate and Red Tag if possible

If not, minimize flow

Monitor for oxygen (continuous)

Ventilation

Safe working zone



#6 Special Precautions For


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#6 Special Precautions For 17% O2 (When doing a Confined Space

Entry)

Requires a Safe Work Permit & a ConfinedSpace Entry Permit

Follow the requirements of the Global

Confined Space Entry Standard

Note: CSE is not allowed < 17% O2 !



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Report Exposures

Any incident of unplanned

exposure to be reported to:

Health Service provider fortreatment

Location EH&S Delivery Contact


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Purging Example #1

Review task(s)

Control with:

Safe Work Permit or

Operating Procedure Purging precautions

Minimize if feasible

Route to inaccessible

area

Post sign

Barricade CAUTIONNITROGENAsphyxiation Hazard

Feed

Line

To Make Tank

C

C

O

O

O

O

From N2

Header


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Purging Example #2

Feed

Line

C

C

O

O

O

O

From N2

Header

ENERGY CONTROL PLAN _____

EQUIPMENT _________________________________________________________________

JOB DESCRIPTION ____________________________________________________________

ISOLATION/DE-ENERGIZATION

NAME OF ISOLATION REVIEWER____________________

COMMENTS/PRECA UTIONS_________________________

_________________________

_________________________

_________________________


REPAIR/ALTERAITON REP _________

OPERAT IONS REP ______ _________

CAUTION

NITROGEN

Asphyxiation Hazard

Valve To

Be Serviced

CAUTIONNITROGEN

Asphyxiation Hazard

Red Tag

Minimize flow

Warning sign

Red Tag Addendum

Safe Work Permit:

Test/monitor

Ventilation Safe working zone

Safety attendant?

Attachment (10/96)

HAZARDOUS WORK PERMIT to TC3.21. Job Scope:

JobDescription:Location: Date: Time:

HazardousWork:

O pe ni n g l i ne o r eq ui p me nt c on ta in i ng : O p en f la me U se o f ex pl o si v e a ct i va te d to ol s

Toxic Welding Use of pneumatic tools

Corrosi ve Ho t lead, hot tar Elect rical swi tching

Flammabl e Cut ting torch Elect rical and ho t work

Hot Soldering Hot tapping

P re ss ur iz ed m at er ia ls E xc av at i on s : A br as i ve /w at er b la st i ng i n r es t ri ct ed

area area

Relocation ofradioactive source Manual Working nearelectric powerlines with

cranes,

Internal combustion engines Powered oth erhoisting equipment

Otherhazardous work not listed above:

Signed: Dept. Address:

Phone:

(Maintenance Representative/Certified Delegate)NOTE: The same individual shall not serve asthe Maintenance Representative andthe Operations Representative onthe same HWP.

2. Preparations/Precautions: Co mb us t ib le s P ro te ct iv e c lo th i ng / eq u ip me nt

P re -j ob d is cu ss io n R es ul t: I ni ti al : S pe ci fy :

E mp ty /d ra in eq ui pm en t/ pi pi ng IHMonitoring Harness

C le an in g m et ho d: S pe ci fy : S af et y b el t

B oiling Qualified Fire Watch Lifeline attached:

Flushing name: Yes No

Purgi ng Keep area wet Pot en tiall y hazard ous swit ch ing

O th er F ir e ex ti ng ui sh er E qp t o wn er :

Me ch an ic al ven ti lat io n( gr ou nd ed ) F ir e h os e: E lec tri ca l re p:

Lift Plan Ch arged Not ch arged Ap proved vo ltage rated

tools

L o c al e xh au s t v en t il at i on T re nc hi ng a nd E xc av at io n Ch ec kl is t N o rm al s wi tc hi n g

Barricading Expl osi ve act ivated tool proced ure Eq ptownerrep:

A tm os ph eri c t es ts H ot T ap pi ng P ro ce du re N on -ru ti ne w it ho ut

procedure

O x y ge n 19 .5 -2 2 % E le ct ri ca l Ho t Wo rk P ro ce du re /P er mi t L o ca te n ea re st a la rm b ox ( #

)

R es ul t : I ni t ia l: R es p ir at or L o ca te n ea re st e ye ba th /s af et y

shower

C ontinuous m onitoring forcom bustible s S pec ify: Notify R adia tion S a fe ty Of f icer

Others: (Specify)

SWP


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Large, high-pressure nitrogencylinder and nitrogen in labs?

No caution sign on open equipment?

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Oxygen Deficient Atmospheres.ppt