Upload
bruno-sparks
View
216
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Overview of Research at CERT
Prof. Sharad Mehrotra
Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences
Director, Center for Emergency Response Technologies
Nov 4th, 2009
EMWS 2009
Center for Emergency Response Technologies
• CERT Goals– lead research, technology development & coordination of ongoing
projects on role of IT to improving emergency response. – provide a forum for collaboration between academia, industry, and
government agencies.
• 20+ associated faculty, 40+ students, staff, programmers, researchers– Computer Science, Social Science, Engineering
• Close partnerships with local & state agencies, industry.– City of LA, city of SD, OCFA, LA Fire, …
• Funded by grants from NSF and DHS– Including ~$15 million award for Project RESCUE/Responsphere
2
EMWS 2009
CERT: Faculty Involved
• Naveen Ashish• Scott Bartell• Carter Butts• Marlon Boarnet• Mike Carey
• Nikil Dutt
• Rina Dechter• Magda El Zarki• Rufus Edwards• Alex Ihler
• Ramesh Jain
• Steve Jenks
• Jay Jayakrishnan• Dmitri Kalashnikov• Chen Li• Aditi Majumder• Gloria Mark• Gopi Meenakshisundaram• Sharad Mehrotra, Director• Bonnie Nardi• Deva Ramanan• Walt Scacchi• Padhraic Smyth• Nalini Venkatasubramanian
Multidisciplinary faculty from computer science, engineering, social sciences, statistics and medicine
EMWS 2009
CERT Partners
Industrial Partners5G Wireless
Broad-ranged IEEE 802.11 networking
AMDCompute Servers
Apani NetworksData security at layer 2
Asvaco1st responder (LAPD), and threat
analysis software
BoeingCommunity Advisory Board
Member
CanonVisualization equipment SDK
ConveraSoftware partnership
Cox CommunicationsBroadcast video delivery
D-LinkCamera Equipment and SDK
Ether2Next-generation ethernet
IBMSmart Surveillance Software (S3)
and 22 e330 xSeries servers
ImageCat, Inc.GIS loss estimation in emergency
response
MicrosoftSoftware
PrintronixRFID Technology
The School Broadcasting Company
School based dissemination
Vital Data TechnologySoftware partnership
Walker WirelessPeople-counting technology
Government PartnersCalifornia Governor’s Office of Emergency
Services
California Governor’s
Office of Homeland Security
City of Champaign City of Dana Point
City of Irvine City of Los Angeles
City of Ontario
Fire DepartmentCity of San Diego
Department of Health and Human Services – Centers
for Disease Control
Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
Los Angeles CountyNational Science
Foundation
Orange CountyOrange County Fire
Authority
U.S. Department of
Homeland Security
EMWS 2009
CERT Vision
Right Information to the Right Person at the Right Time
can result in dramatically better response
Response Effectiveness• lives & property saved • damage prevented• cascades avoided
Quality & Timeliness of
Information
Situational Awareness• incidences• resources• victims• needs
Quality of Decisions• first responders• consequence planners• public
EMWS 2009
Response Planning
Events, people, resources
Sensors create awareness Awareness enhances Response
Operational planning
@ crisis site
Consequence Analysis @ EOC
Multimodal Situational Awareness in Response
Situational Awareness
Transportation Infrastructure
Control actions
Evacuation planning, dangerous routes, occupancy analysis, exposure analysis
Location of victims, hazardous material, status of fire fighters
Physical World
MULTI-MODAL SENSORS
Incident level Response
EMWS 2009
CERT Structure
Core research driving new technologies
IT systems & tools of direct relevance to crisis response
Simulations/Drills that mimic crisis response activities
System Artifacts
Societal Impact - Crisis Response
Testbeds
FundamentalResearch
TRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION
RESPONSPHERERESPONSPHERE
GLQ GLQ
CHAMPAIGNCHAMPAIGN
INFORMATION SHARING
INFORMATIONCOLLECTION
INFORMATIONANALYSIS
INFORMATIONDISSEMINATION
EMWS 2009
IT Research at CERT
• Infrastructure Level– Goal:
– Resilient infrastructures for sensing, computation, communication and Data management
– Challenges/issues– Graceful performance degradation under extreme loads, catastrophic
failures, surge demands, scalable infrastructure, inexpensive, easy to deploy
• Information Level– Goal:
– Real-time Situational Awareness from multimodal inputs to support decision making
– Challenges/issues– Diversity of information sources, multiple modalities, and needs,
uncertainty in data, challenge of scale, human-as-a-sensor• Deployment and Societal Issues
– Goal: – Enable technology solutions to work in societal scale deployments
– Challenges/issues– Privacy, Novel IT practices, Cost/Culture, Reliability, Digital Divide
EMWS 2009
IT Infrastructure Research @ CERT
• Reliable Networking at the Crisis Site – Cognitive MANETS that self-adapt at all levels of protocol stack to adjust to load
and add robustness (Jafarkhani/Yousefi’zadeh)– Disruption tolerant hybrid Instant Networks that combine “store-n-forward” with
ABC networks to support quality guarantees (Venkat)
• Middleware for reliable & Scalable Sensing– SATWARE: Exploit application tolerance to errors/delays to build resilience at
higher layers (Mehrotra/Venkat)
• Reliable Mobile computing platforms– Power aware cross-layer architectures for mobile applications (Dutt/Venkat)
• Scalable Data Management– ASTERIX: Scalable management of massive semi-structured databases that
leverage parallelism (Carey/Li)
– Database as a service: reliable & secure data management in the cloud that
provides privacy/confidentiality guarantees (Mehrotra)
• Scalable Information Dissemination – Internet-scale rapid dissemination using P2P infrastructure (Mehrotra/Venkat)
EMWS 2009
Information Systems Research @ CERT
• Sensor Driven Data Analysis– Anomaly detection & event detection in sensor streams (Smyth/Ihler) – Multi-sensor framework for localization (Ihler/Mehrotra/Venkat)– Sensor-driven occupancy analysis & forecasting (Dechter/Smyth)
• Multimodal Event Detection– From conversational speech (Kalashnikov/Mehrotra/Venkat)– From textual input (Ashish/Mehrotra)– From Video/Multimodal Data (Jain/Mehrotra/Ramanan)
• Event-based Situational Modeling – Event representation, event based query languages, visualization
(Jain/Mehrotra) – Uncertainty representation and probabilistic query processing
(Ashish/Dechter/Smyth)
• Multi-sensor Data Cleaning– GDF: a general purpose toolkit for reducing uncertainty/improving data
quality in event databases (Kalashnikov/Mehrotra)
EMWS 2009
Societal Scale Deployment Research @ CERT
• Understanding societal use of technology in disasters– Project REACT: use of ubiquitous technologies to respond to
disruptions (Mark)– Social media & its role in public awareness / crisis communication
(Butts/Tierney/Sutton/Venkat)– Instant messaging as a communication modality (Jain/Sutton)
• Modeling societal information needs & characteristics during disasters– Modeling Information diffusion through social networks (Butts)– Information reliability from new information modalities (E.g.,
blogs, twitter) (Butts)• Challenges in technology adoption
– Cost & cultural barriers to information sharing (Sutton/Tierney)– Privacy and confidentiality in information sharing and data
collection (Mehrotra/Venkat)
EMWS 2009
CERT Projects
• Multiple interdisciplinary projects with other academic, and industrial partners
– RESCUE – a collaboration of CERT with 6 other research organizations/universities supported by NSF through its large ITR program
– SAFIRE – a collaboration of CERT with Imagecat supported by DHS– Next generation Alternate 911 Systems – a collaboration of CERT with
SRI supported by NSF– FireTrack Project – a collaboration with Department of epidemiology and
Deltin corporation (currently under review)– Speech-based situational Awareness – a collaboration with SRI
(currently under review)
EMWS 2009
RESCUE Project
The mission of RESCUE is to enhance the ability of emergency response organizations to rapidly
adapt and reconfigure crisis response by empowering first responders with access to accurate
& actionable evolving situational awareness
• Privacy• Security• Trust
• Natural Hazards Center• Social Science
• Data Management• Security and Trust
• Disaster Analysis • Earthquake Engineering• GIS
• Civil Engineering• Data Analysis & Mining• Data Management• Middleware & Distributed Systems
• Civil Engineering• Transportation Engineering
• Computer Vision• Networking• Multimodal Speech
Research Team
• Transporation Modeling• Urban Planning
• Privacy• Social Science • Transportation Science
• Wireless
Funded by NSF through its large ITR program
1. Extreme Networking at the Crisis Site
2. SAMI – Situational Awareness through Multimodal Input
3. Policy-Based Information Sharing Architecture
4. Customized Dissemination in the Large
5. Privacy Issues in Deployment
6. MetaSIM – An architecture for simulator integration
EMWS 2009
Situational Awareness for Fire Fighters (partnership with ImageCat)
EMWS 2009
Speech-Based Situational Awareness (collaboration with SRI)
Type of Acoustic Analysis• Human Speech: Who spoke to whom about what from
where and when• Ambient Sounds: explosions, loud sounds, screaming,
etc• Physiological Events: cough, gag, excited state of
speaker, slurring, …• Other features: too loud, too quiet for too long, …
15
Speech
Voice
Amb. Noise
Processing
Conversation Monitoring & Playback
Image & Video Tagging
Acoustic Capture Acoustic Analysis SA Applications
Spatial Messaging
Localization via Speech
Alerts
Motivation•Radio conversation is the most common communication mechanism during crisis response amongst responders
•Automatic conversation analysis can significantly enhance incident awareness leading to better response
EMWS 2009
FireTrack: Firefighter Exposure Analysis (collaboration with Deltin Corp. and Dept. of Epidemiology )
16
Goal: Reduce toxic exposures to occupational group - firefighters
•System to combine particulate/CO monitoring, physiological sensing with a framework for collecting, storing, analyzing and alerting
•Pilot studies with the LA County Fire to evaluate the efficacy in structural overhaul and in wild land fires
•Longitudinal exposure studies associated with specific groups, work tasks and activities
The WarnWatch System
Firetrack
EMWS 2009
CERT Testbeds
MetaSim Simulator (Regional Response)An integrated plug-and-play micro/macro simulation environment for diverse crisis response situations. Built in hooks for technology validation
Responsphere, UCI(incident-level response)
Different testbeds model information
flow conditions under diverse types of crisis situations
Different testbeds model information
flow conditions under diverse types of crisis situations
Responsphere(incident response) A Campus-wide infrastructure to instrument, monitor, disaster drills & to validate technologies
EMWS 2009
Responsphere Enables Drills & Technology Evaluation
• Technology Testing Exercise: 16 SEP 08– Bren Hall Evacuation
w/Campus Police Department & UCI Zone Crew 3
• Live Burn with OCFA,LA Fire and Anaheim Fire– Testing Sensing (human
bio-sensing) data collection & 2nd generation FICB
• SAFIRE / FICB Usability Study – 15 MAY 09– Freeze points identified as
critical junction / decision points to assess SA with and without FICB
18
EMWS 2009
CERT Artifacts
• Derivative research products of direct relevance to first responders– Mechanism to focus CERT research
– Opportunity for technology transfer
• Some of CERT artifacts are in current deployment at partner sites
Disaster Portal in use by City of Ontario since Sept.
2007 to improve communication of relevant
situational awareness information between first responder and the public
EMWS 2009
Closing Remarks
• CERT Outcomes– Research
– Robust disruption tolerant IT infrastructures– SA technologies for transformational
improvements to the response process by improving decision making
– Societal level technology adoption
– Testbeds – Simulation and instrumented real environments
for technology testing
– Partnerships and collaborations – industry and government partnerships
EMWS 2009
Closing Remarks
• Future plans for CERT
a)Transitioning current and ongoing CERT research to first responder– Technology transfer through CERT artifacts such as
disaster portal
b)Focus research on new opportunities to improve response by exploiting the emerging IT revolution– Cloud computing, database as a service, social
computing, peer oriented computing, grid computing, agent-based technologies, sensor networks
c) Expand research focus of CERT to beyond crisis response– Societal level adaptive systems, critical Infrastructure
protection– Example: Smart Grid
Emergency Response & Smart Grid
• Two Perspectives:
– Smart Grid as a critical infrastructure – Disruption, damage to generation & distribution systems due
to Earthquakes, fires, etc. – Opportunity to leverage vast technology base developed for
crisis response – collection, analysis, sharing, dissemination
– Grid as a critical resource– Data collected by smart grid could be valuable for response
planning– Electricity is a vital resource on which other infrastructures
depend– Hospitals, shelters, special needs, industry, ..
– Ability to control electric usage could be an important tool in effective response planning
22
Response Planning
Events, people, resources
Emergency Response & Smart Grid
Situational Awareness
Response ActionsPhysical
World
Emergency Response
Situational Awareness
Distributed Grid Control
Smart Grid
Grid Control Actions
Electric Power NeedsHospitals, shelters, specialequipment
State of the grid, outages, damage to distribution system
Grid Sensors, Smart Meters