A New Approach to Hydraulic Flow Unit Determination and its Application

in Prediction of Petrophysical Properties of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

By: Mohammad Izadi

Supervisor: Dr Ali Ghalambor

Contents:

1) Quick Review

2) Experimental Work

3) Future Work

Quick Review:

- Reservoir Characterization

- Rock Typing

- Hydraulic Flow Unit

Quick Review (Cont.):

- Mathematical models:

1 1

(1 ) (1 ).grw s V

k

S F S

φφ φτ

× = ×− −

32

2 2 2

1(1 )

(1 )gr

ws V

k SF S

φτ φ

= × × −−Porosity-permeability relationship:

Approach 1:

Approach 2: (1 )1

(1 ).gr

w

s V

Sk

F S

φφ φτ

−= ×−

Experimental Work:

Routine and Special Core Analysis

Berea Sandstone

- exposures near Berea, Cuyahoga County, Ohio

-Traditionally, Mississippian age but recently, Late Devonian age.

-The Berea formed when sand was carried by streams into the Ohio sea from the Canadian Shield to the north and from the Catskill Delta to the east.

-Small grain and composed of quartz sand

held together by silica.

Wampakoneta Courthouse, www.ohiohistorycentral.org

1) Selection of Sandstone Blocks in the lab

2) Cutting plugs with 1 inch x 1 inch

3) Drying 4) Weighting and labeling

Experimental Work (Cont.):

5) Measuring porosity

Boyles Law: 1 1 2 2PV PV=

Porosity Distribution

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Samples

Po

rosi

ty,

%

6) Measuring permeability (liquid)

14700 QLk

A P

µ=∆

Permeability Distribution

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Samples

Pe

rme

ab

ility

, md

7) Measuring capillary pressure

2 cosc non wetting wettingP P P

r

σ θ−= − =

Capillary Pressure Distribution

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Sw, %

Pc

, p

si

8) XRD Test

Core Laboratories. Inc

Samples are divided into:

- No lamination,

-Two layers lamination,

- Shale

Samples Quartz, % Clay, % Others, %

sample 1 86.00 8.00 6.00

sample 2 87.00 8.00 5.00

sample 3 41.00 37.00 22.00

sample 4 97.00 3.00 0.00

sample 5 96.00 3.00 1.00

sample 6 95.00 4.00 1.00

sample 7 59.00 6.00

35 (calcit

e)

Future Work

1) Interpreting experimental data

2) Comparison of the two models

3) Field data evaluation

Thank you!

Questions??????