Outline and Content of a Research Study

7/31/2019 Outline and Content of a Research Study

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OUTLINE AND CONTENT OF A

RESEARCH STUDY

RD 100


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Chapter 1

Introduction

Conceptual Framework / Theoretical Framework

Statement of the Problem

Hypotheses Objectives (local format)

Definition of Terms

Assumptions

Scope, Delimitations, Limitations Significance of the Study

Review of Related Literature


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Introduction

The writer introduces the study, what it is all

about, and how the study came to be. It

provides the rationale of the study, citing

circumstances, weaknesses and problems in

ones area of expertise or interest, that need

to be addressed or solved. There should be a

strong and significant reason for conductingthe study.


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Conceptual Framework/Theoretical

Framework

This is the heart of the study. In theoreticalframework, the researcher attempts toadvance his/her hypothesis, but in doing so

invokes a theory or cites the literature, orfindings of other studies, as basis for his/herhypothesis. Because of these bases, andthrough induction and deduction, (coupled

with the literature search) the researcher isable to deduce and explain, and even predictwhat the behavior of the variables will be.


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Conceptual Framework/Theoretical

Framework

In cases where there is lack of a specific theoryon which to base ones hypothesis, or if the studyis very exploratory in nature such that not muchhas been established about that specific area yet,

then the researcher may write a conceptualframework. While it may not be as strong ortight as a theoretical framework, theresearcher should strive to put it in such a way

that the framework is not subject to manyquestions as to its validity. Relationships amongvariables may be established by the researcher(by way of logical thinking, deduction, induction)using as bases, the readings and the literature.


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Statement of the Problem

This part of the chapter contains the specific

research questions to be answered. Start with

the general objective. The general objective is

usually culled out of the title and it cannot be

readily answered. The specific questions

narrow down the concerns of the general

objective, and these are the questions whichcan be immediately and directly answered by

the researcher using the data gathered.


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Hypotheses

The researchers hypotheses or the best oreducated guess as to the outcomes or answers to

the research questions.

Use the theoretical or conceptual framework asbasis for coming up with the

hypothesis/hypotheses.

The hypotheses (null) for statistical testing may

also be included here. It must be noted though

that not all types of research will require an

explicit statement of this hypothesis.


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Definition of Terms

The key variables and other important

concepts are defined herein. Operational

definitions of the terms are encouraged (i.e.,

how such terms are used specifically in the

study. Terms are defined through the

measures used in the study, or the

treatment if the study is experimental innature)


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Assumptions

These are statements which have been

established and accepted to be true. These

are stated in so general terms and there is no

need to gather proof as to their truth. There is

no need to test them. Without theses

established truths one cannot proceed to do

the study. For some, statement ofassumptions may not be required.


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Scope, Delimitations, Limitations

Defines the parameters of the study before

setting out to do research. Examples would be

on the samples, methodology etc. What

constraints and problems have been

encountered in the study in a way that

imposed limitations.


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Significance of the Study

This part contains the significant contributions

that the study will make to entities like

schools, hospitals, specific groups, individuals

and to education in general. There should be

evidence that such contributions are

significant and will make a difference in the

current or existing situation.

R i f R l d Li


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Review of Related Literature(Chapter 2 in Local Format)

This chapter presents the review of thestudies and the literature done by the

researcher along the topic being studied.

Two kinds of literature are normallypresented: materials on studies taken from

theses, dissertations, journals and similar

materials; and literature, materials which are

not studies per se but statements from

authorities on the subject matter.


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Review of Related Literature

Two kinds of literature are normally presented

Related Studies

materials on studies

taken from theses,

dissertations,

journals and similarmaterials

Related Literature

materials which are not

studies per se but

statements from

authorities on thesubject matter.

Local and Foreign


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Review of Related Literature(Chapter 2 in local format)

It is presumed that the researcher reads

related topics from authorities on the subject

matter. It is presumed that the researcher

reads related topics several sources and puts

these together. It is important that the

literature materials are presented in a holisticmanner, not choppy.


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Chapter lll: Research Method

Research Method

Sample and Sampling Technique

Research Locale Data-Gathering Tools/Instrumentation

Data-Gathering Procedures

Statistical Analysis


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Research Method

A short description of the general or dominant

method used in the study. The researcher

should know the different types of research

according to design or methods, theirrequirements and assumptions. It also

presents, how the data will be analyzed, i.e.,

quantitatively or qualitatively.


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Sample and Sampling Technique

Include herein is a description of the

sample/participants/respondentsof the study.

Describe also the procedures, methods or

processes by which they were samples or

selected for the study.


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Research Locale

This part describes the setting of the study. It

includes a description of the location where

the study is done and its background.


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Instrumentation

Describe all the instruments and the tools usedto gather data, their features, and what variablesor characteristics they are supposed to measure,and to whom they will be administered, and what

particular data the tools gather. They can eitherbe existing or researcher-developed. If it is thelatter, describe the processes used in developingthe tools. Describe also the ways which the

validity and reliability of the instruments wereestablished, whether the instruments are existingor researcher developed.


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Data-Gathering Procedures

Describe herein the different steps used in

gathering the data, (when and how) using the

data-gathering tools you use.

Experimental Plan

*pre-experimental

*experimental proper

*post-experimental


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Statistical Analysis

Describe each of the statistical tools used for

particular sets of data. Mention also the

corresponding statistical tools for particular

data sets.


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Chapter II. Presentation of Results

and Discussion (Chapter lll in Other localstudies)

results should be presented in a tabular form

(following APA styles) and discuss findings or

the answers to each of the research questions.

Answers to each question should be

discussed.


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Chapter II. Presentation of Results

and Discussion Cont

There are three levels in analyzing the data

per research question. First, describe the data

as it is. Second, cite the related literature ifsuch confirms or contradicts your findings.

Third, discuss and weave in you insights about

your findings, that is going beyond what yousee in the data.

h l


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Chapter IV. Summary, Conclusions

and Recommendations

A summary of the whole study is written. The

conclusions should be derived from each of

the findings. Recommendations for further

research, and improvement of the methodscan be made. Recommendations could also

evolve out of the weaknesses or limitations of

the study.

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Outline and Content of a Research Study