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MUHAMMAD ILYAS SARWAR Pakistan Central Cotton Committee Central Cotton Research Institute

Multan, Pakistan

THE CO-EXISTENCE OF COTTON

FIBRE AMONG COMPETITOR FIBRES

WITH FUTURE PROSPECTS. 

FIBRE CLASSIFICATION

Fibres

Man-made

Synthetic

Natural Polymers

Natural

Minerals

Animals

Vegetable

Classification of Natural Fibres

Cellulose In the vegetable fibres, cellulose is the material that provides the

thread-like molecules. The cellulose fibres,in consequence, are

strong and tough. e.g; Cotton,Jute,Flax

Protein

The long molecule of a protein is built up from some twenty or so

different types of small amino acid molecules. e.g; Wool, Silk

Minerals

These have limited importance in textile trade. Asbestos is the most

important mineral fibre having specialty for fireproof and industrial

fabrics

Natural Polymer Fibres In which the fibre forming material is of natural origin. e.g;

Acrylic, Polyesters

Synthetic

In which has performed the entire operation of fibre production

without allowing nature to manufacture the fibre forming

substance. e.g; Nylon, terelene

Classification of Man-made Fibres

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Flow Chart for Pakistan Cotton

Cotton Farms

Cotton Ginning

Yarn Manufacturing

Weaving/Knitting

Dyeing & Finishing

Made ups

Whole Sellers

Retailers

Consumers

Products from Seed Cotton

Utilization of Lint

u  Lint is used to make yarn and fabric.

Major Uses of Cotton-Seed

The Utilization of Oil Obtained after Crushing

u  The refined Cottonseed oil is used for Cooking, Snack foods, Salads

dressings and margarines because of its flavor stability.

u  Cottonseed Meal is used for organic fertilizer and in animal feed.

Products made using Linters and other Cotton fibre because of the purity of cellulose

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Cottonseed Linters is used to make the currency. Pakistan’s Share in World Cotton Area 2014-15

Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015

Country Area (000 Ha)India 12250China 4310USA 3929

Pakistan 2840Uzbekistan 1275

Brazil 976Turkmenistan 545

Australia 210Syria 72

Greece 275Turkey 484Egypt 158

World Total 33573

8.45%

Pakistan’s Share in World Cotton Production 2015-16

Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015

Country Million Ton

India 6.45

China 5.40

USA 2.97

Pakistan 2.05

Uzbekistan 0.92

Brazil 1.48

World Total 23.92

8.57%

Pakistan’s Share in World Cotton Consumption 2015-16

Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015

Country Million Ton

India 5.27

China 7.74

East Asia & Australia 2.56

Pakistan 2.37

Europe & Turkey 1.62

USA 0.81

Brazil 0.85

World Total 24.44

9.69%

Thou

sand

Hec

tare

World Cotton Production 1949-50 to 2014-15

KGS/

Hec

tare

Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015 Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015

World Cotton Production and Consumption 1949-50 to 2014-15

Thou

sand

Met

ric

Tons

Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015

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Source: ICAC World Cotton Statistics May 2015

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

1980

19

81

1982

19

83

1984

19

85

1986

19

87

1988

19

89

1990

19

91

1992

19

93

1994

19

95

1996

19

97

1998

19

99

2000

20

01

2002

20

03

2004

20

05

2006

20

07

2008

20

09

2010

20

11

2012

20

13

2014

20

15

2016

Import of Raw Cotton in Pakistan

000

480l

bs B

ales

Source: USDA

Source: USDA Source: Textile World

World Fibre Demand (million Tons)

Source: Textile World

Global Final Consumer Demand (Kg/Capita) History of Man-made Fibre Development

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Cotton 28%

Wool 1%

MMF 71%

WORLD FIBRE PRODUCTION 2014

Cotton Wool MMF

92.7 million tons

000t

Source: CIRFS YEARBOOK

68%

54% 47% 48%

35% 32% 28%

10%

8%

5% 5%

3% 1%

1%

22%

38% 48% 47%

62% 67% 71%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2014

The Share of Man-made Fibres Is Growing

Cotton Wool MMF

Source: CIRFS YEARBOOK

62% 10%

7%

11%

8%

2%

Polyesters

Polyamids

Acrylic

Polyolefins

Cellulosic

Other Synthetics

74%

7%

3%

5%

9% 2%

World wide Polyester dominance, Increasing

2004 (39.3Kt)

2014 (66Kt)

Source: CIRFS YEARBOOK

66%

7%

7%

4%

3%

3% 2%

1% 1% 5%

Man-made Fibres’ Production at Globally

China

Europe

India

USA

Taiwan

Indonesia

South Korea

Thailand

Japan

Others

China is the main producer

Source: CIRFS YEARBOOK

73%

9%

3%

2%

2% 2%

2% 2% 1% 1% 1%

2%

China India Taiwan South Korea Europe Indonesia

USA Thailand Pakistan Japan Malysia Others

World Wide Polyester capacity (2014)

Source: CIRFS YEARBOOK

Chin

a is

lead

ing

wit

h 73

% Cotton Fibre Prices for Top 4 countries

Source:Emerging Textile for China, India & Pakisatn USDA,AMS for USA

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Polyester Fibre Prices for Top 4 countries

Source:Emerging Textile for China, India & Pakistan Cotlook Limited for USA

Reasons To Increase of MMFs’ Production

v  Low Prices.

v  Production can be made as per requirement under control conditions.

v  Cotton need supporting fibres to meet the demand for growing population.

v  Manufacturing capacity of textile is more than 4 times faster than

population. Therefore, textile industry is utilizing MMFs along with cotton.

Reasons Behind Stagnancy of Cotton Production

v  High Prices

v  Cultivated area is decreasing

v  Alternative crops are available

v  Expensive inputs

v  As grown in natural conditions, production is dependent on many environmental factors like rain, heat stress etc.

v  Threats from pest attack

BUT WHY COTTON FIBRE??

Way Forward/Measure to Improve Cotton Fibre v  The research on high yielding with better fibre quality cotton varieties

v  Cotton Trading houses should established to make them beneficial for all

stakeholders

v  To reduce the production cost through technologies and subsidized inputs

v  Awareness' campaign among community to highlight the qualities of cotton

made ups

v  Cotton support price that farmer has interest in cotton crop

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THANKS