OPERATING SYSTEMS

 

WHAT IS IT?

It is the suite of programs that make the computer

work.

WHAT DOES IT DO?

Recognizes input from the keyboard.

Sends output to the display screen.

Keeps track of files and directories on the disk.

Controls peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.

Ensures that unauthorized users do not access the system.

Ensures different programs and users running at same time do not interfere with each other.

MAJOR PLAYERS IN THE MARKET

Unix-Linux, Solaris

Macintosh (Mac)

Microsoft Windows

Developed in 1969 by a group of AT&T (American Telephone and Telegraph) employees at  Bell Labs.

Widely used in servers, workstations, and mobile devices.

High portability

Ability to run a wide variety of machines, from micros to supercomputers.

Everything in UNIX is either a file or a process.

A process is an executing program identified by a unique PID (process identifier).

A file is a collection of data. They are created by users using text editors, running compilers etc.

The Linux kernel, created by Linus Torvalds.

An operating system -- very much like UNIX.

LINUX APPEALS TO :

The biggest difference is the management method of a package:

Red Hat Linux CentOS Fedora Ubuntu

TYPES OF DISTRIBUTION

RED HAT LINUX

A platform well-suited for a broad range of applications across the IT infrastructure.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 offers greater flexibility, efficiency, and control.

Works across a broad range of hardware architectures , hypervisors, and clouds.

Provides support for the latest graphics cards and true scalability on multi-core systems.

COMPARISON

BASIS UBUNTU FEDORA

Based on Debian Red Hat

Nature User friendly Experimental

Better for Domestic purposes Commercial purposes

Network Establishment

Less Reliable More reliable

Installer Set Up Requires less space Requires more space

COMPARISON BETWEEN LINUX & MICROSOFT WINDOWS

LINUX WINDOWS

Linux is customizable. Windows is not customisable.

Linux has fewer bugs. Windows has more bugs as compared to linux.

Linux is multi-user system. Windows is single user system.

Linux offer more flexibility and configuration options.

Windows offer less flexibility.

Linux is more efficient and reliable.

Windows is less reliable.

Solaris is a Unix operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems.

It superseded their earlier SunOS in 1993.

Known for its scalability especially on SPARC systems.

Vendors who support Solaris for their x86 server systems: DELL, IBM, Hewlett-Packard.

DTrace Doors Service Management Facility Solaris Container Solaris Multiplexed I/O Solaris Volume Manager Solaris Trusted Extensions

FEATURES

Mac OS is a series of graphical user interface-based operating systems developed by Apple Inc.(formerly Apple Computer, Inc.)

Latest versions of Mac OS X:

Mac OS X Leopard (version 10.5)Mac OS X Snow Leopard (version 10.6)Mac OS X Lion (version 10.7)

Sixth major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system

Released on 26 October 2007 as the successor of Tiger (version 10.4)

Available in two variants: A Desktop version suitable for personal computers A Server version, Mac OS X Server

MAC OS X LEOPARD

FEATURES:

Includes support for writing 64-bit graphical user interface  applications.

An automated backup utility called Time Machine.

Includes  Front Rowand Photo Booth.

An updated Finder that incorporates the Cover Flow visual navigation interface.

The seventh major release of Mac OS X, Apple's

desktop and server operating system.

Initial sales were significantly higher because of its low price.

Does not support PowerPC-based Macs

OS Version PC Version Price Server Price

Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard

Rs 1,800 (MRP)5-user Family Pack- Rs. 2900 (MRP)

Rs. 28,100 with unlimited client licence (MRP)

MAC OS X SNOW LEOPARD 

FEATURES:

I chat

Full multi-touch trackpad support added to notebooks.

QuickTime X, the next version of QuickTime player.

Multimedia framework which resemble the full-screen.

Time Machine connection.

Enhanced VoiceOver.

The eighth and current major release of Mac OS X, Apple's desktop and server operating system.

Released on July 20, 2011. Reception for OS X Lion has generally been positive. Apple claims over 250 new or changed features in Lion.

OS Version PC Version Price

Server price

Mac OS X 10.7 Lion

$29.99 (US)

Rs. 1500 approx.

$49.99 (US)

Rs. 2500-3000 approx.

MAC OS X LION

FEATURES:

AirDrop – Lion-to-Lion direct file sharing via Wi-Fi Direct.

Auto Save.

High-quality multilingual speech voices.

Multi-touch gestures .

Safari – With full-screen mode and the new WebKit2 layout engine.

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS:Mac OS X Leopard

(version 10.5)

Mac OS X Snow Leopard

(version 10.6)

Mac OS X Lion (version 10.7)

ProcessorAny Intel, PowerPC G5 or G4 (867 MHz and faster)

Mac computer with INTEL processor (IA-32)/ Core Solo/ Core Duo, x86-64 CPU such as Core2Duo

Intel Core2Duo/ Intel Core i3/ Intel Core i5/ Intel Core i7/ Xeon processor

RAM512 MB minimum,Additional RAM 1 GB recommended for development purpose

1GB minimum 2 GB minimum

Free disc space

9 GB minimum 5GB minimum 7 GB minimum

Main versions of Microsoft Windows available:

Windows 7

Windows Vista

Windows XP

WINDOWS 7 FEATURES

OSX-like dock.

Multi-touch gestures in photogalleries like two-finger zoom, flicking, and panning.

Multi-touch paint program.

Multi-touch piano app.

In-depth mapping application that pulls from Microsoft's Live Maps and Microsoft Virtual Earth.

WINDOWS VISTA FEATURES

Improved magnification capabilities in Microsoft Magnifier.

Improved text-to-speech capabilities in Microsoft Narrator.

Ease of Access Center to help you find the settings and tools.

The new Speech Recognition lets you interact with your computer by voice.

WINDOWS XP FEATURES

Enjoy Music & Video with Windows Media Player.

Explore Digital Photography with Windows XP.

Learn more about Gaming with Windows XP.

Create Home Movies with Windows Movie Maker.

Protect Your new Computer.

PRICE LIST OF DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF MICROSOFT WINDOWS

ITEM NAME PRICES

Microsoft Windows 7 Home Basic Rs.4950

Microsoft Windows 7 home Premium Rs.6250

Microsoft Windows 7 Professional Rs.9450

Microsoft Windows 7 Starter edition Rs.2250

Microsoft Windows 7 Ultimate Rs.10550

Microsoft Windows XP Rs.5450