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Comunicación y Gerencia. Origins of Judaism. Jewish People In History. Homeland Area of Palestine called Canaan In 1800 BC (or so), Yahweh (God) told Abraham to go to Canaan, from Ur (in Sumeria) B’rit: contract between Yahweh, Abraham as father of Jewish people - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Origins of Origins of JudaismJudaism
Comunicación y Gerencia
Jewish People In History• Homeland
– Area of Palestine called Canaan
– In 1800 BC (or so), Yahweh (God) told Abraham to go to Canaan, from Ur (in Sumeria)
– B’rit: contract between Yahweh, Abraham as father of Jewish people
• Yahweh promised to protect Jewish people
• Jewish people promised to obey Yahweh
Jewish People in History
• Around 1650 BC, Jewish people moved from Canaan to Egypt
• Exodus– Egypt first welcomed
them (Joseph story), then later enslaved them
– Hebrews fled Egypt between 1300 and 1200 BC, back to Canaan (Moses story)
Exodus• New Covenant
– Moses went to Mt. Sinai to pray; there, he encountered Yahweh
– Moses brings the Ten Commandments
• Basis for civil, religious laws of Judaism
– New agreement between Yahweh, Jewish people
• God protects them if they follow commandments
– Hebrews wander for 40 years before reaching Canaan (central Palestine)
Kingdom of Israel• Hebrews expanded
North, South to get more natural resources
• Philistines challenged Hebrews, but lost (David story)
• Kingdom of Israel– Jerusalem was its capitol– Famous kings: David,
Solomon (baby splitter)
• Kingdom of Judah (southern portion rebelled)
Foreign Domination• By 738 BC, both kingdoms
paying tribute to Assyria (bribes not to invade)
• Assyrians lost to Neo-Babylonians– Policy was to re-locate conquered
people within Empire– Jews were spread out!– Called the “Babylonian Captivity”
• 539 BC: Persians defeated Babylonians, allowed Hebrews back to Jerusalem to rebuild city
Sources of Jewish Law, Belief
• Torah (“written law”)– First five books of Bible– Tell the story of how
Yahweh chose Jewish people to be examples of how to live, worship
– Most broadly, Torah means the entire body of Jewish law: written, oral, Talmud, contemporary interp.
Talmud
• Law for the Jewish people
• Originally, oral law passed down by rabbis to students
• Talmud organized topically, like an encyclopedia
Ten Commandments
• Religious, ethical principles of Jewish people
• Moses brought them to the Jewish people
• First five = community• Next five = individual
Belief System
• Monotheistic: belief in one God, Yahweh
• One God who is all powerful, personal, eternal
Belief System
• Importance of Prophets– Words of prophets are
true– Literally means one who
proclaims word of God (spokesman of Yahweh)
– Important prophets: Abraham, Moses, Jesus
Reward and Punishment• Follow the Covenant and
be rewarded with Yahweh’s protection
• Intentionally disobey Covenant and face Yahweh’s wrath
• Chosen people– Jewish people were chosen
by Yahweh as examples to rest of world (worship)
– Does not mean that they are the only ones to be saved