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Organics Processing at Penn State
BIG TEN
Environmental Stewardship
Committee
June 14, 2010
Nadine Davitt [email protected]
Lisa Wandel [email protected]
Pennsylvania State University
How we managed waste reduction
Training of staff to reduce waste• Proper rotation of inventory• Standardized recipes• Sharing recipe costs/ food cost %’s with staff
Style of service • Self-serve vs. served • Smaller plates and trays
Food donations to charities after meals or semesters
• Trimming of meats and vegetables• Follow portion control guides• Utilization of leftovers• Adding ‘chef specials’ to menu
Pre-Organics Processing
1996 a student asked what we did with food waste.
That prompted a question to Al Matyasovsky, OPP
and the rest is….. History (13 years worth!).
Intro to Organics Processing
OMPECOrganic Materials Processing
and Education Center
College of Ag Sciences: Production
Housing and Food Services: Food Waste
Hospitality Services: Food Waste
Office of Physical Plant: Collection
Partners
Compost Production• In the beginning:
• Known as “beg, borrow and steal” • Low tech production practices
• Used existing resources and equipment• Labor, collection truck, loader, screen
• Gravel composting pad• Layered feedstocks
Compost Production Today
Benefits of Batch Mixing:• Improved odor, vector and
leaching management• ~12 week active phase• Reduce turnings• Generate heat faster• Maintain heat longer
Batch Mix:• Blend on weight basis• Reduce particle size• Homogenous blend• Form windrows with
conveyor
Feedstocks ProcessedCompost:
Food Residuals
Leaves
Pallets and clean wood
Lab Animal Cage Waste
Animal Manure
Greenhouse debris
Crop Residues
Poultry processing residuals
Butcher Waste
Yields ~2,000 yd3 compost /year
Mulch:Brush
Logs
Wood Chips
Yields ~4,500 yd3 mulch /year
FundingAdministration:
Management, Education and OutreachContributions by partners
Operations:Production Costs
Tipping Fees – food, leaf & yard, wood…• Hauling provided by Physical Plant Central Services and paid
with University general funds
Sales – Finished compost and mulch
Facilities: Infrastructure and Equipment
Margin generated from operations, Finance and Business Environmental Stewardship allocation and grants
Components for SuccessSupport:
Environmental strategy of the University
Employee Ownership
Collaboration between departmentsExisting resources: staff & equipmentExisting expertise: academic units: compost production
auxiliary services: diversion, waste, handling, utilization
Fulfill Needs:Reduce wastes going to the landfill
Create compost and mulch for use in operations
Teaching/research and outreach mission of Penn State
Material Handling in the Dining Commons
Employee trimming vegetables
Used napkins and employee drink cups
Dock pick-up
Penn State OMPEC8 Week
Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Create a Business
Plan
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Create a Business
Plan
Move Operations to 13 Acre Site
Brush, Logs,Untreated/
Unpainted Wood,Pallets,
Greenhouse Debris,
Lab AnimalCage Waste
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Create a Business
Plan
Move Operations to 13 Acre Site
Brush, Logs,Untreated/
Unpainted Wood,Pallets,
Greenhouse Debris,
Lab AnimalCage Waste
Primary Mulch
Supplier
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Create a Business
Plan
Move Operations to 13 Acre Site
Brush, Logs,Untreated/
Unpainted Wood,Pallets,
Greenhouse Debris,
Lab AnimalCage Waste
Primary Mulch
Supplier
Biodegradable, Compostable
Packaging & Cups in Dining Commons/
Hotels
Butcher Waste
DEP General Permit
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Penn State OMPEC
SemesterCollection
4 Dining
Commons
Campus Leaves
DEP Permit-
by-Rule
Year-round Collection
7 Dining Commons &
2 Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Post-Consumer Collection at Hotels
Create a Business
Plan
Move Operations to 13 Acre Site
Brush, Logs,Untreated/
Unpainted Wood,Pallets,
Greenhouse Debris,
Lab AnimalCage Waste
Primary Mulch
Supplier
Sales to Public
Collection in Office Buildings
8 Week Pilot: Food Diversion
1 Dining Commons
Biobased Packaging &
Cups in Dining Commons/
Hotels
Meat Lab Butcher Waste
DEP General Permit
The PresentRemoval of wastes going to landfill
• 2009: 4,311 tons diverted to OMPEC » 57% of total tons recycled at University» 32% of total refuse collected
Reduced Green House Gas Emissions• Net reduction of 616 Metric Tons CO2 Equivalent (mtCO2e)
(736 mtCO2e GHG sink, 120 mtCO2e GHG emissions)
Reduced use of garbage disposal machines• Reduced electricity, water, noise
Responsible management of residuals• Reuse of materials to create a resource
1997 – 2009 Landfill Diversion
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
Year
To
ns
Food Residu-als
Greenhouse
Lab Animal Cage
Pallets
Brush/Logs
UtilizationLandscape:
Ornamental bedsPotted plantersTurf topdressingSoil restoration
Research:Soil conditionerMulchWetlands construction
Building Projects:Manufactured soil
Challenges
The Future
Fall 2010Implementation of reusable G.E.T. container in all
residential and retail operations
Add next wave of conversion to paper/PLA
Pulpers in the dishrooms
Learning to manage more biodegradable containers
Finding more carbon sources
Manufacturing soil
Organics at Penn State
Nadine DavittPenn State University
204A Agricultural and Biological EngineeringUniversity Park, PA 16802
Lisa WandelPenn State University
0111 Redifer HallUniversity Park, PA 16802
