Organelles•HOW does the

nucleus control the cell?•What is the role of

the pores?

Organelles

www.mol.biol.ethz.ch 

•HOW are proteins made at the ribosome?

Organelles

www.scripps.edu 

• If proteins are made at a ribosome, WHY have a Rough ER?

Organelles• If you have a

Rough ER, WHY do you need one of these things?

•What is the difference between a lysosome, and a vesicle? A vacuole?•Vesicles are TRANSPORT•Vacuoles are STORAGE•Lysosomes are ‘digestive’

•VACUOLE•LARGE vacuole for storage (water and/or nutrient) and structure• Plants and some single-celled animals

•SMALL for nutrient storage…. Animals•They can have many

What is being shown/made here?

Which is a secretory vesicle?

Organelles•HOW is this the

“powerhouse” of the cell?• Inheritance?

Organelles•HOW does this

‘make sugar’?• Inheritance?•MOSTLY maternal

Cytoskeleton

•Role of:microtubulemicrofilamentintermediate filament

Cytoskeleton

• Evolution of muscles?

MicrofilamentSAME protein as muscle fibers

Phospholipid Bilayer/Cell Membrane•HOW does this regulate

what comes in to and goes out of the cell?•HYDROPHOBIC • “water fearing”•HYDROPHYLIC• “water loving”

Phospholipid Bilayer/Cell Membrane

Phospholipid Bilayer/Cell Membrane•Could this be reversed?

WHY?• Fluid Mosaic – the

membrane is about the consistency of vegetable oil at room temp• Stays together, but not

rigid like a cell wall• Steroids present to keep

from freezing

Phospholipid Bilayer/Cell Membrane•What is the

role of the proteins in the membrane?•Carbohydrate

chains?

Phospholipid Bilayer/Cell Membrane

Questions?

•Objective 13• Finish for Homework