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Oregon’s Forest Future. Charting a Course to Prosperity and Vitality. Dean Hal Salwasser at OSU Over Lunch Portland, OR May 10, 2005. What We’ll Cover. A vision for forests Forest values American forests in a global context Sustainability and forests - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Oregon’s Forest Oregon’s Forest FutureFuture
Oregon’s Forest Oregon’s Forest FutureFuture
Dean Hal Salwasser at OSU Over LunchDean Hal Salwasser at OSU Over LunchPortland, ORPortland, ORMay 10, 2005May 10, 2005
Charting a Course to Charting a Course to Prosperity and VitalityProsperity and Vitality
What We’ll CoverWhat We’ll Cover
A vision for forestsA vision for forests
Forest valuesForest values
American forests in a global contextAmerican forests in a global context
Sustainability and forestsSustainability and forests
Different roles for different forestsDifferent roles for different forests
The work aheadThe work ahead
The “Whole Forest” ViewThe “Whole Forest” View
All Forests:All Forests: fromfrom urban forests and tree farms to parks and urban forests and tree farms to parks and
wildernesswilderness
All Forest Products:All Forest Products: fromfrom wood and water to wild wood and water to wild things things
and wild places and wild places
All Forest Practices:All Forest Practices: from preservation and protection to from preservation and protection to
restoration and productionrestoration and production
All ForestAll Forest Uses:Uses: fromfrom recreation and learning to jobs and recreation and learning to jobs and
cultural vitalitycultural vitality
All Forest Values:All Forest Values: fromfrom carbon stores and jobs to carbon stores and jobs to
sources sources of life and cultural heritage of life and cultural heritage
A Vision for Forests …A Vision for Forests …
Sustain and enrich human well being through Sustain and enrich human well being through
diverse values, uses, products and services;diverse values, uses, products and services;
Managed and conserved to meet changing Managed and conserved to meet changing
needs based on local knowledge plus ever-needs based on local knowledge plus ever-
improving science and technologies;improving science and technologies;
Serve current and future generations in Serve current and future generations in
sustaining our communities and rich cultural sustaining our communities and rich cultural
heritage.heritage.
Forests that …Forests that …
Deliver high quality waterDeliver high quality water Sustainably meet domestic needs for forest-based Sustainably meet domestic needs for forest-based
resourcesresources Reward owners/stewards with multiple benefitsReward owners/stewards with multiple benefits Contribute to perpetuation of biological and cultural Contribute to perpetuation of biological and cultural
diversity, ameliorate impacts of human activitiesdiversity, ameliorate impacts of human activities Grow in extent, productivity, resilienceGrow in extent, productivity, resilience Are managed for distinct local capabilities & values Are managed for distinct local capabilities & values Restore human spirit and stewardship ethicRestore human spirit and stewardship ethic Bring people together for common purposeBring people together for common purpose
Lands of Many ValuesLands of Many Values
A vision for forestsA vision for forests
Forest valuesForest values
American forests in a global contextAmerican forests in a global context
Sustainability and forestsSustainability and forests
Different roles for different forestsDifferent roles for different forests
The work aheadThe work ahead
Forests are Sources of Forests are Sources of LifeLife
1.1. Clean water and airClean water and air2.2. Abundant fish and wildlifeAbundant fish and wildlife3.3. Cultural heritageCultural heritage4.4. Climate and carbonClimate and carbon5.5. Recreation and aestheticsRecreation and aesthetics6.6. Wood and fiberWood and fiber7.7. Non-wood forest productsNon-wood forest products8.8. Jobs and personal identityJobs and personal identity9.9. Wealth and revenuesWealth and revenues
Clean water, Clean water, clear air …clear air …Clean water, Clean water, clear air …clear air …
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Fish, wildlife Fish, wildlife and habitats and habitats ……
Fish, wildlife Fish, wildlife and habitats and habitats ……
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Cultural Cultural heritage …heritage …Cultural Cultural heritage …heritage …
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Sacred tree
Family forest owner
AgroforestryForest retreat
Recreation Recreation ……Recreation Recreation ……
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Scenic Scenic beauty beauty ……
Scenic Scenic beauty beauty ……
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Climate, Climate, carbon, and carbon, and oxygen …oxygen …
Climate, Climate, carbon, and carbon, and oxygen …oxygen …
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Forests store ~ 45% of the carbon Forests store ~ 45% of the carbon In terrestrial ecosystems,In terrestrial ecosystems,
COCO2 2 + H+ H22O + Sunlight = OO + Sunlight = O2 2 + wood+ wood
Wood Wood products products ……
Wood Wood products products ……
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Rayon shirt
Wood furniture
Paper
Non-Non-wood wood productsproducts……
Non-Non-wood wood productsproducts……
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Ginseng
Salal
Morels
Ramps
Bull elk
Jobs and Jobs and personal personal identityidentity……
Jobs and Jobs and personal personal identityidentity……
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Fishing guide on
river
Artist in woods
Mushroom picker
Hunter
Wealth and Wealth and revenues to revenues to support support schools and schools and public public servicesservices
Wealth and Wealth and revenues to revenues to support support schools and schools and public public servicesservices
Forests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of LifeForests Sustain Quality of Life
Global Forest ContextGlobal Forest Context
A vision for forestsA vision for forests
Forest valuesForest values
American forests in a global contextAmerican forests in a global context
Sustainability and forestsSustainability and forests
Different roles for different forestsDifferent roles for different forests
The work aheadThe work ahead
Global ForcesGlobal Forces
Population growthPopulation growth Political instabilityPolitical instability Trade issuesTrade issues Restructuring in forest products industryRestructuring in forest products industry Widening rich-poor gapWidening rich-poor gap Raising of “green” consciousnessRaising of “green” consciousness Rising consumptionRising consumption Global climate changeGlobal climate change Non-native invasive speciesNon-native invasive species
Forest area:Forest area: ~ 9.6 bil ac; 50-66% of 1600 ce ~ 9.6 bil ac; 50-66% of 1600 ce
Forest loss:Forest loss: ~ 23 mil ac/yr in 1990s ~ 23 mil ac/yr in 1990s
Population + economic growth Population + economic growth = forest loss, but not always= forest loss, but not always - 30 mil ac/yr tropics, - 30 mil ac/yr tropics, + 7 mil ac/yr+ 7 mil ac/yr non-tropics non-tropics
DemandsDemands for forest benefits ever growing for forest benefits ever growing Water quality, quantityWater quality, quantity
Wood use (range flat near term to + 0.3 to + 0.5%/yr long term)Wood use (range flat near term to + 0.3 to + 0.5%/yr long term)
Biodiversity conservationBiodiversity conservation
Carbon storageCarbon storage
Recreation, subsistence, cultural usesRecreation, subsistence, cultural uses
Global Forest TrendsGlobal Forest Trends
Ind. wood use rose 40% since 1960: ~ 56 BFtInd. wood use rose 40% since 1960: ~ 56 BFt33 in 2000 in 2000 Fuel wood use > industrial wood use: ~ 63 BFtFuel wood use > industrial wood use: ~ 63 BFt33 in 2000 in 2000 Ind. wood use could increase 33% by 2050: ~ 71 BFtInd. wood use could increase 33% by 2050: ~ 71 BFt33
~ 75% of global wood and fiber will come from planted forests ~ 75% of global wood and fiber will come from planted forests by mid by mid century or earliercentury or earlier ~ 33% of industrial wood used worldwide crosses an ~ 33% of industrial wood used worldwide crosses an international international boundary from tree to productboundary from tree to product US imports 37% of softwood products consumed; exports US imports 37% of softwood products consumed; exports associated jobs & impacts (81% growth since 1991)associated jobs & impacts (81% growth since 1991) US uses 27% of world’s industrial wood; largest per capitaUS uses 27% of world’s industrial wood; largest per capita US forest and wood choices drive global wood marketUS forest and wood choices drive global wood marketUN FAO 2003: 2000 dataUN FAO 2003: 2000 data
Global & U.S. Wood Global & U.S. Wood UseUse
US in Global ContextUS in Global Context
27
8
8.7
9
5.8
7
4.7
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Ind. Wood Used
Wood Growing Stock
Planted Forest
Reserve Forest
Forest Land
Land
People
Percent of World Share (UN FAO 2003: 2000 data)Percent of World Share (UN FAO 2003: 2000 data)
Oregon in US ContextOregon in US Context
12
9.6
4.6
11.4
3.7
2.6
1.2
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Ind. Softwood Harvest
Softwood Growing Stock
Timberland
Reserve Forest
Forest Land
Land
People
Percent of National Share (USFS and ODF data 1999)Percent of National Share (USFS and ODF data 1999)
Forests in OR Forests in OR EconomyEconomy
$12.6 Billion annual industrial output; $12.6 Billion annual industrial output;
+$9.7+$9.7 Billion w/ multiplier Billion w/ multiplier
$22.3 Billion total economic impact; 11% of OR $22.3 Billion total economic impact; 11% of OR totaltotal
85,600 direct forest products jobs85,600 direct forest products jobs
190,400 total with multiplier190,400 total with multiplier
9% of Oregon employment9% of Oregon employment
37,900 jobs in forest recreation/tourism37,900 jobs in forest recreation/tourism
$40,525 average wage ($34,840 state ave.)$40,525 average wage ($34,840 state ave.)
50% of traded sector employment in 15/36 OR counties50% of traded sector employment in 15/36 OR counties
23% of total OR traded sector employment23% of total OR traded sector employment
SustainabilitySustainability
A vision for forestsA vision for forests
Forest valuesForest values
American forests in a global contextAmerican forests in a global context
Sustainability and forestsSustainability and forests
Different roles for different forestsDifferent roles for different forests
The work aheadThe work ahead
SustainabilitySustainability
Balance among environmental, economic Balance among environmental, economic
and cultural aspirationsand cultural aspirations
Equity across societal sectors and Equity across societal sectors and
generationsgenerations
Engagement of people in social choices Engagement of people in social choices
that affect themthat affect them
Adaptability to constant changeAdaptability to constant change
Sustainable ForestrySustainable Forestry
The suite of policies, plans and practices The suite of policies, plans and practices
that seek to protect, produce, and that seek to protect, produce, and
perpetuate forest ecosystems for the perpetuate forest ecosystems for the
values, uses, products, and services values, uses, products, and services
desired by communities and landowners desired by communities and landowners
for this and future generationsfor this and future generations
NCSSF 2005NCSSF 2005
Fitting Forest to PurposeFitting Forest to Purpose
A vision for forestsA vision for forests
Forest valuesForest values
American forests in a global contextAmerican forests in a global context
Sustainability and forestsSustainability and forests
Different roles for different forestsDifferent roles for different forests
The work aheadThe work ahead
Breadth of Sustainable Breadth of Sustainable Forest ManagementForest Management
Sustainable forest management Sustainable forest management
varies by forest type, varies by forest type,
ownership, primary purposeownership, primary purpose
Forest purposes:Forest purposes:
Wood and fiber productionWood and fiber production
Multiple resource values/usesMultiple resource values/uses
Reserves, nature preservationReserves, nature preservation
Urban and community forestsUrban and community forests
Wood Production Wood Production ForestsForests
Most of world’s future wood will Most of world’s future wood will
come from planted forests:come from planted forests: ~ 33% now, ~ 75% by 2050~ 33% now, ~ 75% by 2050 ~ 10% or less of global forest area~ 10% or less of global forest area
Primary purposes: Primary purposes: Grow trees for wood, fiberGrow trees for wood, fiber Increase forest value to ownerIncrease forest value to owner
Management challenges:Management challenges: Thrive in global marketsThrive in global markets Increase wood yield: > 2x over naturalIncrease wood yield: > 2x over natural Reduce environmental impactsReduce environmental impacts Improve wood quality, consistencyImprove wood quality, consistency Produce high return on investmentProduce high return on investment Maintain social license to operateMaintain social license to operate
Multi-resource ForestsMulti-resource Forests
Most of the world’s Most of the world’s accessibleaccessible forests forests
have multiple resource purposeshave multiple resource purposes ~ 40% of global forest area eventually~ 40% of global forest area eventually
Primary purposes: Primary purposes: Meet diverse landowner objectivesMeet diverse landowner objectives Increase forest value to owner(s)Increase forest value to owner(s)
Challenges:Challenges: Optimize multi-resource outcomesOptimize multi-resource outcomes Produce multiple benefits for acceptable Produce multiple benefits for acceptable
costscosts Differentiate productsDifferentiate products Finance non-market benefitsFinance non-market benefits
Reserve ForestsReserve Forests
Parks, wilderness, natural areas:Parks, wilderness, natural areas: 12.4% worldwide in 200012.4% worldwide in 2000 ~ 50% of global forest area eventually~ 50% of global forest area eventually
Primary purposes:Primary purposes: Sustain at-risk species, natural Sustain at-risk species, natural
processes, “wild” ecosystemsprocesses, “wild” ecosystems Recreation, cultural usesRecreation, cultural uses
Management cManagement challenges:hallenges: Minimize human impactsMinimize human impacts Restore, promote wildness, naturalnessRestore, promote wildness, naturalness Ameliorate effects of invasive species, Ameliorate effects of invasive species,
air pollutionair pollution Achieve goals for least costsAchieve goals for least costs
Urban, Community Urban, Community ForestsForests
Where 80% of the people liveWhere 80% of the people live
Primary purposes:Primary purposes: Attractive communities, neighborhoodsAttractive communities, neighborhoods
Conserve resources: water, energyConserve resources: water, energy
Increase property valuesIncrease property values
Backyard wildlife habitatsBackyard wildlife habitats
Management challenges:Management challenges: Safety, infrastructure impactsSafety, infrastructure impacts
Minimize sprawl and resource useMinimize sprawl and resource use
Minimize invasive species escapesMinimize invasive species escapes
Reserve ForestsReserve Forests:: Mostly federal, some state, tribal, private
Multi-resource Multi-resource
Forests:Forests: Mostly state, tribal, some family, some federal
Wood Wood
Production Production
ForestsForests:: Mostly industry, family, some state, tribal
Urban, Community Urban, Community
Forests:Forests: Forests where
people live
Social
Ben
efitsEco
nom
ic
Ben
efits
ForestForestSustainabilitySustainability
Environmental Benefits
Ownership MattersOwnership Matters
Wood ProductionWood Production Multi-resourceMulti-resource ReserveReserve
Industry, TIMOIndustry, TIMO
Private, largePrivate, large
Family, ENGOFamily, ENGO
TribesTribes
StateStateFederalFederal
****
* * Streamside zones, leave trees, habitats as mini or micro reservesStreamside zones, leave trees, habitats as mini or micro reserves
Oregon’s BalanceOregon’s Balance
Multi-use33%
Wood Production
36%Reserve
31%
Oregon Forest OwnersOregon Forest Owners
State3%
Industry21%
Federal57%
Other3%Family
16%
Leading the WayLeading the Way
A vision for forestsA vision for forests
Forest valuesForest values
American forests in a global contextAmerican forests in a global context
Sustainability and forestsSustainability and forests
Different roles for different forestsDifferent roles for different forests
The work aheadThe work ahead
ChallengesChallenges
Keep forest lands in forest uses for forest valuesKeep forest lands in forest uses for forest values Maintain market share against global forces Maintain market share against global forces Meet people’s forest resource needsMeet people’s forest resource needs Improve management and conservationImprove management and conservation Create new knowledge and technologies:Create new knowledge and technologies:
Sciences and products for sustainabilitySciences and products for sustainability
Enhance lifelong learning and extended educationEnhance lifelong learning and extended education Develop incentives for sustainable production and Develop incentives for sustainable production and
conservation … conservation … ANDAND
Address Demand -- Address Demand -- Consumption EthicConsumption Ethic
Intelligent consumption and productionIntelligent consumption and production of of
renewable natural resources is key to renewable natural resources is key to
sustaining quality of life;sustaining quality of life;
Overuse or poor choices degrade ecosystems, Overuse or poor choices degrade ecosystems,
transfer effects;transfer effects;
Prudent choices consider impacts, the future, Prudent choices consider impacts, the future,
and the entire life cycle of resources.and the entire life cycle of resources.
Forest Economic Forest Economic StrategyStrategy
Increase sustainable harvest by 25%; to 5 BBFIncrease sustainable harvest by 25%; to 5 BBF Increase direct family-wage jobs by 15%; 98,500Increase direct family-wage jobs by 15%; 98,500 Innovate in forest products, marketingInnovate in forest products, marketing Educate publics about OR forest resourcesEducate publics about OR forest resources Boost long-term forest productivity, valueBoost long-term forest productivity, value Limit regulatory costs to science-based Limit regulatory costs to science-based
essentialsessentials Reduce costs of unhealthy forests, firesReduce costs of unhealthy forests, fires Make OR forest environmental benefits key to Make OR forest environmental benefits key to
marketingmarketing
University Roles …University Roles …
Deliver a highly skilled forest/mill workforceDeliver a highly skilled forest/mill workforce
Create a stronger science base for all SFM systemsCreate a stronger science base for all SFM systems
Increase environmental performance of all forests and Increase environmental performance of all forests and forest productsforest products
Increase productivity and sustainability of forest Increase productivity and sustainability of forest resources and forest productsresources and forest products
Educate a more knowledgeable citizenryEducate a more knowledgeable citizenry
Promote prudent policies, empowered communitiesPromote prudent policies, empowered communities
Advocate for diverse, productive, resilient forests and Advocate for diverse, productive, resilient forests and associated human communitiesassociated human communities
OSU Forest InitiativesOSU Forest Initiatives
Affordable access to excellent forest resource Affordable access to excellent forest resource
education – scholarships, endowed facultyeducation – scholarships, endowed faculty
Research focused on issues of the future:Research focused on issues of the future: Forest/watershed health and fires, insects, invasive speciesForest/watershed health and fires, insects, invasive species
Planted forest productivity and value enhancementPlanted forest productivity and value enhancement
Forest protection law effectiveness re water, fish, Forest protection law effectiveness re water, fish, wildlifewildlife
Wood product innovation and durability in useWood product innovation and durability in use
Commercial outdoor recreation and tourism managementCommercial outdoor recreation and tourism management
Outreach and engagement – policy, extension, Outreach and engagement – policy, extension,
public educationpublic education