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OrdinaryOrdinaryNavigation RulesNavigation Rules

Instructors: George Crowl

Course Outline (1)Course Outline (1)

a. Explain the purpose of a. Explain the purpose of Navigation Rules, Navigation Rules, International and Inland.International and Inland.

b. Know the general “Rule of Responsibility.”b. Know the general “Rule of Responsibility.”c. Define stand-on and give-way vessels for the c. Define stand-on and give-way vessels for the

following situations: meeting, crossing, and following situations: meeting, crossing, and overtaking for both power and sailing vessels.overtaking for both power and sailing vessels.

d. Explain “Responsibility Between Vessels” d. Explain “Responsibility Between Vessels” (vessel priority).(vessel priority).

Course Outline (2)Course Outline (2)

e. Explain the navigation lights required for e. Explain the navigation lights required for power-driven and sailing vessels underway. power-driven and sailing vessels underway. Explain what is required for a vessel under oars.Explain what is required for a vessel under oars.

f. Explain the sound signals for maneuvering, f. Explain the sound signals for maneuvering, warning, and restricted visibility.warning, and restricted visibility.

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Explain the purpose of Explain the purpose of Navigation Rules, Navigation Rules, International and Inland.International and Inland.

PurposePurpose

Traffic rules, as on a street or roadTraffic rules, as on a street or roadTraffic rules, as you never see in a large parking Traffic rules, as you never see in a large parking

lot!lot!Published on-line by USCG. Google it.Published on-line by USCG. Google it. InternationalInternational – basic document – basic document InlandInland – American rules, side-by-side – American rules, side-by-side Based on International rulesBased on International rules International applies if seagoing ships are on International applies if seagoing ships are on

your waters (i.e. Galveston Bay or similar)your waters (i.e. Galveston Bay or similar)

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b. Know the general “Rule of Responsibility.”

The Rule of Responsibility says that masters are responsible for the safety of their vessels, and will take the necessary action to keep them safe. They may not hide behind the navigation rules if they could have taken action to avoid an accident. (Rule 2)

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c. Define stand-on and give-way vessels for the following situations: meeting,

crossing, and overtaking for both power and sailing vessels.

Stand-on / Give-wayStand-on / Give-way

Stand-onStand-on has the right of way has the right of way Must maintain course and speed if collision is Must maintain course and speed if collision is

possiblepossibleGive-wayGive-way must maneuver to avoid stand-on must maneuver to avoid stand-on

vesselvesselBoth vesselsBoth vessels must maneuver to avoid collision must maneuver to avoid collision

(Rule 2)(Rule 2)

Vessels MeetingVessels Meeting

Pass port-to-port (“on the one” whistle)Pass port-to-port (“on the one” whistle)Can signal for opposite (“on the two” whistle)Can signal for opposite (“on the two” whistle)

Vessels CrossingVessels Crossing

Vessel on your starboard side is stand-onVessel on your starboard side is stand-on Bow to 112.5° right (green area)Bow to 112.5° right (green area)You give way and pass to stern if possibleYou give way and pass to stern if possibleVessel on your port side is give-way (red area)Vessel on your port side is give-way (red area)

Overtaking VesselsOvertaking Vessels

Overtaking vessel is give-wayOvertaking vessel is give-way Overtaking defined as relative bearing Overtaking defined as relative bearing

between 112.5° and 247.5° (white area)between 112.5° and 247.5° (white area)

Sailing Vessels (1)Sailing Vessels (1)

Port tack is give-wayPort tack is give-way Wind on port side, mainsail on starboard sideWind on port side, mainsail on starboard side

Sailing Vessels (2)Sailing Vessels (2)

Both on same tack, windward is give-wayBoth on same tack, windward is give-way

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Explain “Responsibility Between Vessels” (vessel Explain “Responsibility Between Vessels” (vessel priority). priority).

Vessel PriorityVessel Priority

Based on ability to maneuverBased on ability to maneuverNot under commandNot under commandRestricted in ability to maneuverRestricted in ability to maneuverConstrained by draftConstrained by draftFishing (nets, commercial)Fishing (nets, commercial)SailingSailingPowerPowerSeaplaneSeaplane

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e. Explain the navigation lights required for power-driven and sailing vessels

underway. Explain what is required for a vessel under oars.

Navigation LightsNavigation Lights

Red,Red, greengreen and white and whiteGreen – bow to 112.5° starboardGreen – bow to 112.5° starboardRed – bow to 112.5° portRed – bow to 112.5° portWhite – relative bearing 112.5° to 247.5°White – relative bearing 112.5° to 247.5°

Rules of the RoadRules of the Road

If you see a If you see a greengreen light, you are light, you are stand-onstand-on If you see a If you see a redred light, you are light, you are give-waygive-way If you see a white light, you are If you see a white light, you are give-waygive-wayRed Red and and greengreen, pass port-to-port, pass port-to-portRequired sunset to sunriseRequired sunset to sunrise

White LightsWhite Lights

Power vessels – 225° mast light + stern lightPower vessels – 225° mast light + stern light Includes sailboats under powerIncludes sailboats under powerVessels less than 12 meters (39.6') may display Vessels less than 12 meters (39.6') may display

one all-around lightone all-around light

Sailboat LightsSailboat Lights

Just Just redred / / greengreen bow and white stern bow and white sternCan add Can add redred over over greengreen at masthead at masthead If <66 ft, can have If <66 ft, can have redred / / greengreen / white at masthead / white at masthead

Anchor LightAnchor Light

Display one all-around white lightDisplay one all-around white lightat mast topat mast top

Big boats have more requirementsBig boats have more requirements

Vessel Under Oars (Paddles, etc.)Vessel Under Oars (Paddles, etc.)

Includes sailboats under 7 meters (23 ft)Includes sailboats under 7 meters (23 ft)Display normal lighting if practicalDisplay normal lighting if practical If not, may use an electric torch or lanternIf not, may use an electric torch or lanternDisplayed in time to avoid any collisionDisplayed in time to avoid any collision

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f. Describe the sound signals for maneuvering, f. Describe the sound signals for maneuvering, warning, and restricted visibility. warning, and restricted visibility.

RequirementsRequirements

Vessels under 20 meters (66 ft) – horn or whistle Vessels under 20 meters (66 ft) – horn or whistle that can be heard for ½ mile.that can be heard for ½ mile.

Small boats can buy “canned air.” Some are Small boats can buy “canned air.” Some are rechargeable.rechargeable.

Short blast is one second ( - )Short blast is one second ( - )Long blast is 4-6 seconds ( —— )Long blast is 4-6 seconds ( —— )

Maneuvering SignalsManeuvering Signals

One short blast ( - ): altering to starboardOne short blast ( - ): altering to starboardTwo short blasts ( - - ): altering to portTwo short blasts ( - - ): altering to portThree short blasts ( - - - ): astern propulsionThree short blasts ( - - - ): astern propulsion

Warning SignalWarning Signal

Five short blasts ( - - - - - ) signals danger.Five short blasts ( - - - - - ) signals danger.You are about to get run over, or run over You are about to get run over, or run over

someone.someone.They are often bigger than you are!They are often bigger than you are!

Sound SignalsSound SignalsRestricted Visibility (1)Restricted Visibility (1)

All vesselsAll vessels must sound signals every two must sound signals every two minutesminutes

May sound no other signalMay sound no other signalMay not sound passing signals until within sight May not sound passing signals until within sight

Sound SignalsSound SignalsRestricted Visibility (2)Restricted Visibility (2)

Power vessels making way – one long ( —— )Power vessels making way – one long ( —— )Power vessels making no way – ( —— —— )Power vessels making no way – ( —— —— )Not under command, restricted maneuver, Not under command, restricted maneuver,

sailing, fishing, towing – (—— - - )sailing, fishing, towing – (—— - - )Towed vessel – ( —— - - - )Towed vessel – ( —— - - - )

BellBellVessel at anchor – rapid 5 seconds ( —— )Vessel at anchor – rapid 5 seconds ( —— )Vessel aground – ( - - - —— - - - ) Vessel aground – ( - - - —— - - - )

Questions?Questions?