DEPARTMENT OF ORAL, DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL FACIAL SURGERY

Semi-Final Questions 4th Year

1. The morphology of the upper jaw (maxillary corpus, processes, canals, foramina, muscle attachments).The maxillary sinus.

2. The morphology of the lower jaw (mandibular corpus, canals, foramina, muscle attachments)The morphological and dimensional variations of the mandibular ramus.

3. The masticatory muscles and the opening muscles of the mouth (their origin, attachment and function).

4. The major salivary glands (topography, ducts and their orifices).

5. The surgical anatomy of the maxillary teeth (crown, cervical cross-section, the number and dimension of the roots, their location, cross-section and variations).

6. The surgical anatomy of the mandibular teeth. (crown, cervical cross-section, the number and dimension of the root, their location, cross-section and variations).

7. The extracranial branches of the maxillary nerve (N.maxillaris) (The borders of the sections, topography, branches, the area of innervation).The sphenopalatine ganglion and fossa (divisions, branches, topography, bony connections).

8. The extracranial branches of the mandibular nerve (N.mandibularis) (portions, pathways, branches, area of innervation).

9. The injection anesthesia in the dentoalveolar surgery. The drugs for injection anesthesia, the proprietary names of the anesthetic solutions, dosage.

10. The vasoconstrictor drugs used in local anesthetics (their physiological, pharmacological actions and dosage).

11. The terminal, block and cranial base (ganglion) anesthesia (examples on the trigeminal nerve, indications).

12. The general rules of the injection anesthesia. The data for stereoscopic orientation.

13. The anesthesia of the upper molars (options, indications and execution).

14. The anesthesia of the soft tissues of the palate, tongue, lip and buccal and lingual folds (options, indications, execution).

15. The intraoral block anesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve (N.alveolaris inf.) (methods, indications, execution).

16. The block anesthesia of the trunk of the maxillary nerve (N.maxillaris) (Matas) and the anterior superior alveolar nerve (N.alveolaris ant. sup) (options, indications, execution).

17. The anesthesia of the inflamed tissues (difficulties, execution).

18. Dento-alveolar anesthesia with restricted movement of the jaw (locked jaw) (etiology, recognition, management).

19. Acute faintings in the dental chair (etiology, diagnosis and management).

20. The three most widespread used upper root forceps (their characterizations and indications).

21. Crown and root elevators (their types, caracterisations and indications).The use of elevators (preconditions, executions).

22. Suturing on the oral mucous membrane (instruments, suture materials, major types of sutures, indications and execution)

23. The principles of the antisepsis and asepsis (historical data, Semmelweis, Lister).

24. Sterilization methods (dry heat, autoclave, gas).The sterilization of dental instruments, surgical tools, suture materials and textile ware.

25. The disinfection (its principle, indication, the most widespreadly used disinfectant in the dentoalveolar surgery).The preoperative washing of the hands.

26. The indication and contraindication of tooth extraction: obligate and relative, Class I, II and III.).

27. Operative techniques for the removal of fractured roots (indications, instruments, execution).

28. The pathophysiological process of the extraction wound healing.Dry socket (alveolar ostitis) (symptoms, their surgical and conservative treatments).

29. Flap preparation and reflection in the oral cavity (general rules, typical incision lines).

30. Apicectomy (indication, anesthesia, instruments, execution).

31. Abscess incision in the oral cavity (indication, anesthesia, instruments, execution).

32. The principle of retention and impaction. The extraction of unerupted and impacted teeth (indications, instruments, execution).

33. The preprosthetic dento-alveolar surgery. The surgical preparation of the mouth for prosthesis (alveoloplasty, alveolar ridge remodelling, correction of the soft tissues).

34. Dental implantology (materials, physical properties of the materials, methods).

35. Odontogenic infections, the pathology of the pyogenic inflammations (the microbiology of the pyogenic bacteria).

36. Pulpitis (forms, symptoms, diagnoses).Periapical periodontitis (forms, symptoms, surgical treatment).

37. Periostitis of dental origin (symptoms, surgical treatment).

38. The odontogenic inflammation of the connective tissue (Cellulitis) (symptoms, surgical treatment).

39. The odontogenic osteomyelitis of the jaws (symptoms, surgical treatment).

40. Difficult dentition. Gingival pseudopocket around the erupting teeth (etiology, symptoms, ways of therapy).

41. Restricted movement of the jaw (etiology, pathomechanism, differential diagnoses, prophylaxis, therapy).

42. The principle of dental foci (focal diseases, the dentists' duty in treating focal diseases and dental foci).

43. The qualities of pain and the up-to-date pain theory (superficial and deep pain, the theory of gate control).

44. Dental and surgical aspects of the maxillary sinus (pathology, diagnostics, examination).The open sinus (surgical treatment)

45. The odontogenic cysts (their forms, pathology, diagnosis, therapeutical possibilities).

46. The inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands. Sialoliths. (etiology, pathomechanism, diagnosis, therapeutical possibilities).

47. The peripheral nerve disorders of the maxillofacial region.

48. Midfacial fractures (their forms, classification, diagnosis, treatment).

49. Mandibular fractures (their forms, typical localization, treatment).

50. Orofacial pain syndromes (etiology, differential diagnoses, therapeutical possibilities).

51. The head and neck hemangiomas. The up-to-date treatment of hemangiomas.

52. Medial cervical cysts.

53. Benign salivary gland tumors.

54. Branchyogen cysts.

Final Questions 5th Year

A1. The morphology of the maxillofacial region.

2. The history of local anaesthesia, the up-to-date anaesthetic used in dentistry.

3. The spatiae of the head and neck region. Phlegmone.

4. The complications of tooth extraction, their prevention. The pathology of the complications and their management.

5. Dental infections and their management.

6. The diagnosis of the impacted and unerupted teeth and the principles of their surgical treatment.

7. The types of cyst operations, the surgical techniques.

8. The pathology of the maxillary sinus. Maxillary sinus (anatomy, diseases, treatment).

9. Tooth reimplantation and transplantation, their history, treatments and their critics.

10. Surgical techniques for maintaining the tooth (apicectomy, retrograde root fillings, periodontal pocket therapy with different medicaments).

11. The adverse events occuring in the dental operatory, their aetiology and therapy.

12. Antibiotic therapy, antiinflammatory drugs and analgetics.

13. The indication for apicectomy.

14. Periostitis cellulitis, - differences between them.

15. Trigeminus neuralgy.

16. Differential diagnosis of the lymphotic glands in the neck region.

17. Mention a few important dates and doctors in common with the history of oral surgery!

18. The temporomandibular joint (anatomy, examination, diseases).

B

1. The orthodontic aspects of oral and maxillofacial surgery, the common surgical techniques.

2. Salivary gland infections from the early childhood till the senescence.

3. The complex therapy of the malignant tumors of the facial region.

4. Sialolithiases of the salivary glands.

5. The types of mandibular fractures, their therapy (conservative therapy, "AO", miniaturized and micro plates).

6. The therapy of the maxillary fractures.

7. The developmental problems and malformations of the maxillofacial region and the surgical aspects of their therapy.

8. The surgical management of a patient with bleeding and clotting disorders. (Tissue glues!)

9. The differential diagnosis of the facial pain.

10. Special diagnostic methods in the maxillofacial surgery (CT, sialography, tomography, ultrasound).

11. Sialoses (sialoadenoses).

12. Malignant tumors of the oral cavity.

13. Precancerous lesions in the oral cavity.

14. The haemangiomas of the maxillofacial region, their complex therapy.

15. The possibilites of the reconstruction after major head and neck tumor surgery.

16. The fractures of the midfacial bones.

17. The possibilities of the reconstruction and replacement of the jaws.

18. Lateral cervical cysts.

19. Medial cervical cysts.

20. The etiology of the ankylosis of temporomandibular joint and its therapy.

21. The diagnosis of the actinomycosis, its treatment.

22. Lipoma, symmetrical benign lipomatosis.

23. Medicaments treatment of the malign tumors.

24. Biomaterials.

25. Sjögren’s syndrome.

26. Xerostomia and its treatment.

27. Different types of the osteomyelitis in the maxilla and mandible.