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Oracle on Linux Installation for Oracle on Linux Installation for Non-DBAsNon-DBAs
Sheryl Calish
Blue Heron Consulting
Paper #36684
IntroductionIntroduction
Linux Installation Oracle Installation Most Recently:
Oracle 9i (Release 2) on SuSE 8.0 (kernel 2.4.18)
Past installs: Oracle 9i on SuSE 7.2 (kernel 2.4.4) Oracle 8.1.7 on Red Hat 6.2 (kernel 2.2.16)
Linux InstallationLinux Installation
Hardware and System Considerations Linux distributions How to prepare for a Linux installation
Oracle InstallationOracle Installation
Preparation tasks Reported installation issues Recommendations for novices
Hardware and System Hardware and System ConsiderationsConsiderations
To check for compatibility with Linux and Xfree86
To ensure proper configuration of your system
To enable others to help you, if something goes wrong
Component InformationComponent Information
Monitor: make, model, manufacture, horizontal and vertical scan rate for each resolution
Video Card: make, chipset, model number and VRAM
Sound Card: make, chipset, and model number
More ComponentsMore Components
Memory: amount of RAM
Oracle 9i requires 512MB minimum
Mouse: type, protocol and number of buttons
Modem: type and port number
CD-ROM: interface type
SCSI Adapter: make and model number
Paper #36684
Hard Disk RequirementsHard Disk Requirements
Hard Drive(s): number, size and type
Oracle 9i space requirements:
3.5 GB for database software (typical not customized installation)
1.0 GB for seed database
1.0 GB for swap space
System InformationSystem Information
Network Information: IP address, netmask, gateway IP address, one or more server IP addresses, domain name, organization name
Hostname: name of your computer
Partitions: default or map of planned partitions and mount points
Which Distribution?Which Distribution?
United Linux: SuSE Linux, Turbolinux, Conectiva, The SCOgroup (Caldera)
Red Hat
Mandrake
Debian
Certified for 9iR2Certified for 9iR2
Red Hat 2.1 Advanced Server
SLES7 and SLES8
Certified for 9iCertified for 9i
SLES7
SuSE 7.1 and 7.2 (&RAC)
Red Hat 7.1 (&RAC)
Caldera OU8
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Certified for 8.1.7Certified for 8.1.7
SLES7 SuSE 7.1 and 7.2
Red Hat 2.1 AS Red Hat 7.1
Caldera OU8
Shrink Windows PartitionShrink Windows Partition
Partition Magic
FIPS
GNU Parted
YAST2
Partitioning RationalePartitioning Rationale
"Partitioning Your Hard Drive": www.newriders.com/debian/html/noframes/node15
"4.3 Partitioning Hard Drives(s)": www.linuxdoc.org/LDP/lame/LAME/linux-admin-made-easy/install-partitioning
Optimal Flexible ArchitectureOptimal Flexible Architecture
Four separate mount points:
/u01, /u02, /u03, /u04
each in its own partition
Two ReferencesTwo References
"Tips for Installing and Configuring Oracle9i Database on Red Hat Linux", from OracleWorld 2003
"Installation Instructions for Oracle 9i Release 2 (9.2.0.x) on United Linux 1.0 based Linux systems", from www.suse.com/oracle
My Current Partition TableMy Current Partition Table
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda1 2.2G /windows/C
/dev/hda2 * * * * Extended
/dev/hda5 14M 3.7M 9.8M 28% /boot
/dev/hda6 4.0G 2.1G 1.9G 52% /
/dev/hda7 1.0G * * * /swap
/dev/hda8 6.0G 3.8G 2.2G 64% /opt
/dev/hda9 915M 349M 566M 39% /home
Previous Partition TablePrevious Partition Table
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/hda6 1.9G 212M 1.5G 12% /
/dev/hda11 758M 5.0M 714M 1% /home
/dev/hda10 4.2G 3.7G 324M 92% /opt
/dev/hda12 243M 13k 230M 1% /u02
/dev/hda13 243M 13k 230M 1% /u03
/dev/hda7 1.2G 828M 324M 72% /usr
/dev/hda8 243M 41M 189M 18% /usr/local
Paper #36684
Swap SpaceSwap Space
Oracle 9i installation requires swap space to be equal to physical memory or 1GB, whichever is greater
A temporary swap file can be used
Run Linux InstallerRun Linux Installer
Follow the documentation for your distribution Check with your Linux distribution for the latest
updates and patches
Prepare for Oracle InstallationPrepare for Oracle Installation
Make sure appropriate software is installed
Create the database administrator groups
Create the Oracle user Create mount points Modify kernel parameters Set environment variables
Required SoftwareRequired Software
rpm -q k_deflt
> k_deflt-2.4.18-58
rpm -q glibc
> glibc-2.2.5-158
rpm -q binutils
> binutils-2.11.920.10-89
More Required SoftwareMore Required Software
rpm -q gilbc-locale
>glibc-locale-2.2.5-177
rpm -q make
>make-3.79.1-292
rpm -q gcc
>gcc-2.95.3
Database Administrator GroupsDatabase Administrator Groups
As root:
From menu in SuSE:
System -> Configuration -> Create group
From command line:
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd operPaper #36684
Create Oracle userCreate Oracle user
As root:
From menu in SuSE:
System -> Configuration -> Create user
From command line:
useradd oracle -g oinstall -G dba,oper
Mount PointsMount Points
If you did not create the partitions for these you can create the mount points now, then,
As root, change ownership:
chown oracle.dba /opt/oracle (or /u01)
OR
chown oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle
chmod 775 /opt/oracle (or /u01)
Run the same command for /u02, /u03, /u04
Kernel ParametersKernel Parameters
Oracle documentation warns of possible installation or production problems if the settings are insufficient
SHMMAX
Environment VariablesEnvironment Variables
As oracle user
Three sources:
1) Oracle Metalink
2) www.puschitz.com/OracleOnLinux
3)orarun9i.rpm (run as root)
orarun9i.rpmorarun9i.rpm
can be downloaded from SuSE
sets up most environment variables in /etc/profile.d/oracle.sh
sets kernel parameters
sets up automatic startup/shutdown of Oracle
look at /usr/share/doc/packages/orarun9i/README
New orarun New orarun
For SLES8 and SuSE 8.1 use:
orarun-1.4-2-SL80_81.noarch.rpm
Major difference is location of :
/etc/profile.d/oracle.[c]sh
has been moved to:
/etc/sysconfig/oracle
Paper #36684
Oracle9i RHL Run PackageOracle9i RHL Run Package
Available from GURU LABS www.gurulabs.com/downloads.html
Based on orarun9i.rpm from SuSE modified to work with Red Hat
Functions of RHL RunFunctions of RHL Run
Provides:
/etc/init.d/oracle
/etc/profile.d/oracle/sh|chs (requires edits)
/etc/sysconfig/oracle (requires edits)
/usr/share/doc/oraclerun9i-1.4/INSTALL
Temporary swapfileTemporary swapfile
# become the root user
su -
# create a 1GB file (or any value for "count")
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1k count=1048576
# make it a swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
# activate
swapon /swapfile
Run Oracle InstallerRun Oracle Installer
Oracle 9iR2 installation took 45 minutes with 512MB and 1GB of swap space
Oracle 9iR1 installation took 1 hour with 512MB and 658MB of swap space
Oracle 8.1.7 installation took 15 minutes with 512MB of RAM and 1GB of swap space
Start OracleStart Oracle
linuxprompt:~> sqlplus /nolog
SQL> connect / as sysdba
SQL> startup
Install CleanupInstall Cleanup
In order to run Oracle Installer after an incomplete install
From www.puschitz.comrm
rm -rf /etc/oraInst.loc /etc/oratab (/tmp/OraInstall ?)
rm -rf $ORACLE_BASE/* /tmp/<other_Oracle_owned_files>
Paper #36684
Installation Issue #1Installation Issue #1
Issue: Inability to access another program after Oracle installation
Solution: Add $PATH before you enter other path variables
PATH ExamplePATH Example
Instead of:
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/etc:/opt/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/openwin/bin:/opt/local/GNU/bin
Enter: PATH=$PATH:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/etc:/opt/bin:/usr/ccs/bin:/usr/openwin/bin:/opt/local/GNU/bin
Installation Issue #2Installation Issue #2
Issue: Incompatibilities between some versions of Oracle and glibc or binutils of some versions of Linux
Examples:
Red Hat 7.0 and Oracle 8.1.7 have a glibc issue
Red Hat 7.1/7.2/7.3, AS 2.1 and Oracle 9iR1 have a binutil issue
Sun JDK 1.3.1 and SuSE 7.2 have a glibc issue
9iR2 and Red Hat 8.09iR2 and Red Hat 8.0
From www.puschitz.com/OracleOnLinux:
"Error in invoking target install of makefile: /opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.
mk"
Edit $ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib/env_ctx.mk and go to "INSO_LINK =", add a "$(LDLIBFLAG)dl" to the line and save it.
9iR2 and SuSE 8.09iR2 and SuSE 8.0
From suse-oracle mailing list
"Error in invoking target ntcrontab.o of makefile: /opt/oracle/product/oracle/network/lib/ins_int_client.mk"
9iR2 on SuSE 8.0 (con't)9iR2 on SuSE 8.0 (con't)
First solution:
Edit the file $ORACLE_HOME/sysliblist
add the following to the existing line
-L/usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-suse-linux/2.95.3 -lgcc
the line becomes something like this:
-L/usr/lib/gcc-lib/i486-suse-linux/2.95.3 -lgcc -ldl -lm -lpthread
Paper #36684
9iR2 on SuSE 8.09iR2 on SuSE 8.0
Second solution:
look in $ORACLE_HOME/install/make.log for linker errors (eg. lack of the library clntsh. (ld reports cannot find -lclntsh)
go to $ORACLE_HOME/bin and run the command 'genclntsh' (as user oracle)
Installation Issue #3Installation Issue #3
Issue: Some have reported that the Installer hangs during installation
Enter: unset LANG
Then run Oracle Universal Installer
Installation Issue #4Installation Issue #4
Issue: Mounting and unmounting cdrom
Run Oracle Universal Installer as Oracle user
From Oracle user directory:
mount /media/cdrom
/media/cdrom/oracle9i/runInstaller
unmount /media/cdrom
DO NOT cd to cdrom directory to ./runInstaller!
RecommendationsRecommendations
Decide on the version of Oracle you want to install and work backward.
Choose the version of the Linux distribution with the same binutils and glibc as the certified version.
Oracle 9iR2 reported to install smoothly on Red Hat 7.3, 8.0, SuSE 8.0, 8.1 and 8.2.
Check that your hardware and system components are supported by your chosen Linux distribution -especially for Xfree86.
ResourcesResources
Oracle Metalink
Linux Forum at www.oracle.com/forums
SuSE: www.suse.com/oracle
Listserve groups:
SuSE-oracle
Contact InformationContact Information
Sheryl CalishSheryl CalishBlue Heron ConsultingBlue Heron [email protected]@earthlink.net
Paper #36684Paper #36684
