OptimismScoring test from Seligmans Learned Optimism

Permanent Bad (PmB)Add up score on items5, 13, 20, 21, 29, 33, 42, 46Total of 0 or 1very optimistic2 or 3 mod. optimistic4average5 or 6 mod. pessimistic7 or 8 very pessimistic

Permanent Good (PmG)Add up score on items2, 10, 14, 15, 24, 26, 28, 40 Total of 7 or 8very optimistic6 mod. optimistic4 or 5average3 mod. pessimistic0, 1 or 2very pessimistic

Pervasiveness Bad (PvB)Add up score on items8, 16, 17, 18, 22, 32, 44, 48Total of 0 or 1very optimistic2 or 3 mod. optimistic4average5 or 6 mod. pessimistic7 or 8 very pessimistic

Pervasiveness Good (PvG)Add up score on items6, 7, 28, 31, 34, 35, 37, 43 Total of 7 or 8very optimistic6 mod. optimistic4 or 5average3 mod. pessimistic0, 1 or 2very pessimistic

Personalization Bad (PsB)Add up score on items3, 9, 19, 25, 30, 39, 41, 47Total of 0 or 1very high self esteem2 or 3 mod. high self esteem4average5 or 6 mod. low self esteem7 or 8 very low self esteem

Personalization Good (PsG)Add up score on items1, 4, 11, 12, 23, 27, 36, 45Total of 7 or 8very optimistic6 mod. optimistic4 or 5average3 mod. pessimistic0, 1 or 2very pessimistic

Overall scoresAdd three BsPmBPvBPsBTotal BAdd three GsPmGPvGPsGTotal G

Total G minus Total B = Total optimism score

Total B score3 to 6marvelously optimistic6 to 9moderately optimistic10 or 11average12-14moderately pessimistic15 or oververy pessimistic, need to read Changing chapters

Total G score19 or highermarvelously optimistic17 to 19moderately optimistic14 to 16average11 to 13moderately pessimistic10 or lessvery pessimistic, need to read Changing chapters

Total optimism score (G-B)9 or aboveoptimistic across the board6 to 8moderately optimistic3 to 5average1 or 2moderately pessimistic0very pessimistic, need to read Changing chapters

Hope score Add PvB and PmBTotal of 0, 1 or 2very hopeful3 to 6 mod. hopeful7 or 8average9 to 11 mod. hopeless12 to 16 very hopeless