Onset of diseaseOnset of disease

Lecturer: QU Hongyan

Onset of diseaseOnset of disease refers to the process of disease ,namely , the course of contradictory struggle between the pathogenic qi and healthy qi.

Mechanism of disease onsetMechanism of disease onset

Types of onset of diseaseTypes of onset of disease

it is the general term for various normal it is the general term for various normal functional activities of the body, with the functional activities of the body, with the function to function to remove pathogenic qi ,resist disease invasion and repair remove pathogenic qi ,resist disease invasion and repair

injuries.injuries.

generally refers to various factors causing generally refers to various factors causing disease and is abbreviated as “pathogen”, including those disease and is abbreviated as “pathogen”, including those factors exiting in the external environment and originating factors exiting in the external environment and originating form the interior of the human body.form the interior of the human body.

The onset of disease is a complicated course ,but it may The onset of disease is a complicated course ,but it may be generalized into the struggle between healthy qi and be generalized into the struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic qi.pathogenic qi.

Relationship of the struggle between healthy qi Relationship of the struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic qi to onset of diseaseand pathogenic qi to onset of disease

Major factors influencing the onset of diseaseMajor factors influencing the onset of disease

Deficient healthy qi is the intrinsic factor causing diseaseDeficient healthy qi is the intrinsic factor causing disease

Healthy qi is not vigorousHealthy qi is not vigorous

Pathogenic factor invades the body and some endogenousPathogenic factor invades the body and some endogenouspathogenic factors or pathological products will be formedpathogenic factors or pathological products will be formed

Its function of promoting and regulating Its function of promoting and regulating The viscera and meridians get declinedThe viscera and meridians get declined

Pathogenic qi is the important factor Pathogenic qi is the important factor causing diseasecausing disease..

The invasion of pathogenic play a significant role

in disease onset .Without it, no disease occurs. But

under certain circumstances, pathogenic qi can

play a leading role in disease onset.

e.g. The prevalence of the pestilential qi

Earthquake, traumatic injury, etc

Decisive factor in disease onset

Struggle between healthy qi and pathogenic qi can decide whether there would be onset

When the healthy qi is vigorous

healthy qi defeats the pathogenic qi

There would be no clinical symptoms

and signs

Healthy qi is too weak

Pathogenic qi defeatthe healthy qi

Imbalance of yin-yang andqi-blood of body, malfunctionof the viscera and meridians

Vigorous healthy qiexcessive pathogenic qi

Excessive syndrome

Deficient healthy qiPathogenic qi in not

very strongDeficient syndrome

The pathogenic qi is mild

The location of the disease tends to be

superficial

The intensity between the healthy qi and pathogenic qi can also decide the nature, location and severity of a disease

Major factors influencing the onset of disease

Climates

regions external environment.

living and working conditions

constitution

Psychological states internal environment.

genetic

In different seasons there would be In different seasons there would be different prevalent pathogenic qi and different prevalent pathogenic qi and diseases.diseases.

Wind attack often occurs in Spring

when wind prevails.

Measles ,chicken-pox and scarlet fever often occur and prevail in Winter and Spring

Different frequently-encountered or commonly-Different frequently-encountered or commonly-encountered diseases tend to appear in different encountered diseases tend to appear in different geographic regions.geographic regions.

Cold diseases often occur in North where the temperature is low and pathogenic clod tends to occurs.

Febrile diseases or damp-eat diseases often occurs in the southeast.

Endemic goiter is likely to occur in the mountain areas far away from the coast.

Unhealthy living environment can become the Unhealthy living environment can become the

factor to cause or induce disease. Some diseases may factor to cause or induce disease. Some diseases may

occur or prevail due to malicious living and working occur or prevail due to malicious living and working

conditions.conditions.

Dark and damp living places; dirty air, polluted water,

etc.

A person’s psychological state may be influenced A person’s psychological state may be influenced

by social turbulence, changes of economic and social by social turbulence, changes of economic and social

status, disharmonious family or public relations, etc. If status, disharmonious family or public relations, etc. If

not adaptable in time, one is likely to contract diseases. not adaptable in time, one is likely to contract diseases.

constitutionsconstitutions

Generally speaking, and individual with a Generally speaking, and individual with a

strong constitution and vigorous healthy qi is not strong constitution and vigorous healthy qi is not

easy to contract a disease while an individual with easy to contract a disease while an individual with

a weak constitution will be easily invaded by the a weak constitution will be easily invaded by the

pathogenic qi to cause disease often manifested as pathogenic qi to cause disease often manifested as

syndrome of deficiency-excess complex or syndrome of deficiency-excess complex or

deficient syndrome.deficient syndrome.

Psychological statesPsychological states

A relaxed mind and happy feeling A relaxed mind and happy feeling

contribute to a smooth movement of qi, contribute to a smooth movement of qi,

harmonization between qi and blood, and harmonization between qi and blood, and

coordination of visceral function, vigorous coordination of visceral function, vigorous

healthy qi, thus pathogenic qi cannot healthy qi, thus pathogenic qi cannot

invade the body easily. invade the body easily.

Internal injury due to seven emotions

Nutrition and physical exercises

Improper diet, malnutrition,

lack of physicaltraining or work

Deficient qi and blood of the body

The human bodywas affected by pathogenic qi

Types of onset of diseaseTypes of onset of disease

In the process of disease, there In the process of disease, there

appear different types disease onset appear different types disease onset

according to their different types, according to their different types,

natures, invasive routes and natures, invasive routes and

toxicities of pathogenic qi as well as toxicities of pathogenic qi as well as

different body constitutions.different body constitutions.

Immediate onsetImmediate onset

Chronic onsetChronic onset

Latent onsetLatent onset

Relapse

Combination and

overlapping of onset

SecondarySecondary onsetonset

Disease

onset

Onset of diseaseOnset of disease

It means that a disease occurs It means that a disease occurs

immediately after the attack of pathogens. immediately after the attack of pathogens.

It usually results from sudden emotional It usually results from sudden emotional

changes, severe exogenous pathogens, changes, severe exogenous pathogens,

pestilent factors, poisonous or traumatic pestilent factors, poisonous or traumatic

injury. injury.

Chronic onsetChronic onset

It refers to slow onset of disease after the It refers to slow onset of disease after the

invasion of pathogen and is closely related invasion of pathogen and is closely related

to the types, natures of pathogens and to the types, natures of pathogens and

characters of constitutions etc.characters of constitutions etc.

Latent onsetLatent onset

It means that pathogens incubate inside It means that pathogens incubate inside for a period of time and cause no disease for a period of time and cause no disease after invading into the body and when the after invading into the body and when the body is stimulated by some factors, a body is stimulated by some factors, a disease occurs. disease occurs.

It is usually seen in some exogenous It is usually seen in some exogenous diseases or traumatic injuries such as diseases or traumatic injuries such as pulmonary phthisis, malaria, tetanus, pulmonary phthisis, malaria, tetanus,

rabies etcrabies etc

Secondary onsetSecondary onset

It refers to a condition that a new disease It refers to a condition that a new disease occurs on the basis of a primary disease.occurs on the basis of a primary disease.

e.g. e.g.

the case of hyperactivity of liver yang followed the case of hyperactivity of liver yang followed

by liver wind stirring inside;by liver wind stirring inside;

infantile chronic diarrhea followed by infantile infantile chronic diarrhea followed by infantile

malnutrition with accumulation.malnutrition with accumulation.

Primary diseaseSecondary disease

Close relationship in pathology

Combination of syndromesCombination of syndromes

Combination of syndromes refers to the Combination of syndromes refers to the simultaneous occurrence of syndrome in simultaneous occurrence of syndrome in two or more meridians and areas.two or more meridians and areas.

Pathogens are exuberant

Pathogens invadetwo meridiansor locations

Healthy qi is relatively deficient

Overlapping of syndromesOverlapping of syndromes

It refers to that before a syndrome It refers to that before a syndrome

disappears another syndrome in other parts disappears another syndrome in other parts

or meridians appears after the pathogens or meridians appears after the pathogens

invading the body.invading the body.

RelapseRelapse

It refers to a type of onset in which during It refers to a type of onset in which during

the early stage of recovery or remission the early stage of recovery or remission

period, disease occurs repeatedly and the period, disease occurs repeatedly and the

body is stimulated by some factors, also body is stimulated by some factors, also

known as recurrence of disease. known as recurrence of disease.

Primary factors of relapsePrimary factors of relapse

There are various factors causing relapse There are various factors causing relapse of disease. The major cause is that of disease. The major cause is that pathogenic qi is not completely removed pathogenic qi is not completely removed and healthy qi is not fully recovered.and healthy qi is not fully recovered.

When invaded bypathogens, healthy

qi is inevitably damaged

After treatment, healthyqi has not fully

recovered in therecovery stage

A little stimulationto the body will

lead to the relapseof disease

Precipitating factors of relapsePrecipitating factors of relapse

Attack of new pathogenic factorsAttack of new pathogenic factors

At the early stage of recovery, when the residual At the early stage of recovery, when the residual

pathogenic qi are not eliminated, and the process of pathogenic qi are not eliminated, and the process of

pathological damage to the body hasn't finished, the pathological damage to the body hasn't finished, the

healthy qi is weak in disease resistance, any attack of healthy qi is weak in disease resistance, any attack of

new pathogens can lead to relapse of disease easily. new pathogens can lead to relapse of disease easily.

Precipitating factors of relapsePrecipitating factors of relapse

Improper dietImproper diet

At the early stage of recovery, if At the early stage of recovery, if

One takes excessivefood or improper or

unclean diet, the undigested food, alcohol

and sea food

Stimulate the residual

pathogens

Relapse ofdisease

Precipitating factors of relapsePrecipitating factors of relapse

Over-strainOver-strain

a little work will cause the relapse of cold attacka little work will cause the relapse of cold attack

Misuse of medicineMisuse of medicine

For example, in the early stage of recovery from For example, in the early stage of recovery from

febrile, tonics, especially the warm ones, should not febrile, tonics, especially the warm ones, should not

be takenbe taken

Precipitating factors of relapsePrecipitating factors of relapse

Emotional stimulationEmotional stimulation

Impair healthyqi

Body resistanceget decline

The residual pathogens cause

disease again

Damage internalViscera directly

Disorders of qimovement, reversing

natural harmonyof yin-yang

Relapse

Main types of relapseMain types of relapse

Relapse on a partial recoveryRelapse on a partial recovery Alternation of rest and relapseAlternation of rest and relapse Alternation of acute onset chronic Alternation of acute onset chronic

remissionremission