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“The average digital
birth of children
happens at about six
months.”
http://sellyourstoryuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Old-and-Young-Computer.jpg
3 biggest fears of a teacher using technology
How do I make this work?
How do I avoid looking like an idiot?
{They will know more about this than I do}
3 biggest fears of a student using technology
I showed my 12 year old son an old floppy disk….
He said… “Cool! You 3D printed the Save Icon!”
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Analogue Digital
Photo by Steve Wheeler
http://www.sabotagetimes.com/life/a-vision-of-the-future-from-1910/
Learning 2000
Villemard
Disruptive Technology
“….we are preparing
students for a future we
cannot clearly describe.”
- David Warlick
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Surface Learning
Deep Learning
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
14
Source: Marton and Saljo (1972)
Strategic Learning
PassiveObserver
TransactionalParticipant
PeripheralParticipant
CoreGroup
Full Member
Adapted from: Karalis, T. (2010) Situated and transformative learning: exploring the potential of critical reflection to enhance organizational knowledge, Development and Learning in Organizations, Vol. 24 (1), 17 - 20
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
14
‘Transformative learning involves experiencing a deep, structural shift in the basic premises of thought, feelings, and actions.’ (O’Sullivan, 2003)
http://www.halloffame.outreach.ou.edu/2003/Mezirow.html
Jack Merizow
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Perspective transformation
Psychological (changes in self concept) Convictional changes (revision of belief systems)Behavioural changes (changes in lifestyle)
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Photo by Steve Wheeler
PassiveObserver
TransactionalParticipant
PeripheralParticipant
CoreGroup
Full Member
Adapted from: Karalis, T. (2010) Situated and transformative learning: exploring the potential of critical reflection to enhance organizational knowledge, Development and Learning in Organizations, Vol. 24 (1), 17 - 20
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
The transformation ‘event horizon’ – Kevin Burden
Learning by ListeningInstructionism
Wheeler, S. (2015) adapted from Brown, M. (2015)
Learning by DoingConstructivism
Learning by MakingConstructionism
Learning by SharingConnectivism
Cognitive Social
Learning by listening
Photo by George Serdechny: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_lecture_at_the_ITM.jpg
Personal windows on the world
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Social, Personal, Connected
Image source: http://www.jisc.ac.uk/sites/default/files/digital-student-expectations.jpg
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
We learn by doing (Piaget, 1950)
Photo by Steve Wheeler
We learn by making (Papert, 1960)
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Student Makerspaceshttps://www.flickr.com/photos/76966777@N07/10580002834/
Learning using tech
User generated
content
Learning by making
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Learning 2.0
CurationCollaborating
Sharing and Amplifying
Voting
Networking
User generated
content
Architecture of participation
Tagging and Bookmarking
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Aggregation
Teacher led Learner led
Photo by Steve Wheeler
http://web.media.mit.edu/~papert/
“I am convinced that the best learning takes place when the learner takes charge.”
– Seymour Papert
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
14
“One of the most important technologies for active, flexible learning…” – Derek Bruff
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
From recursive…
..to discursive
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Source: http://www.masalatime.com
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Source: http://www.masalatime.com
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Tethered Mobile
Photo by Steve Wheeler
The Future...?
• 1989: ‘The future is multi-media’
• 1999: ‘The future is the Web’
• 2009: ‘The future is smart mobile’
hof.povray.org
Isolated Connected
Digital Cultural Capital –Membership of ‘the Tribe’
“Where digital communication has
fractured the tyranny of distance, and computers
have become pervasive and ubiquitous, identificationthrough digital mediation
has become the new cultural capital”.
Wheeler (2009)http://www.coreideas.com.au/
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
14
Personal Learning Networks
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
RhizomesDeleuze & Guattari
‘Anarchy’ of the Web
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Crowdsourcing knowledge:Building your PLN
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Photo by Steve Wheeler
http://bradley.chattablogs.com
“ ‘I store my knowledge in my friends’ …is an axiom for collecting knowledge… through collecting people”.
- Karen Stephenson
Connectivism
Paragogy Heutagogy
#edchat
Photo by Steve Wheeler
#blimage#twistedpair
Photo by Steve Wheeler
Standardised Personalised
Vs
We are familyhttp://pro.corbis.com
Wii are family!
http://wiifitnessdepot.com
Students taking notesPhoto: Lori Cullen
…. as a library…. as a street corner
…. as a broadcast channel …. as amplification
CH
ALL
ENG
E
SKILLSLow High
Low
Hig
h
Anxiety
Boredom Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi, 1991
CH
ALL
ENG
E
SKILLSLow High
Low
Hig
h
Anxiety
Boredom Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)
P1
P2
P3
P4
Beyond my reach
What I can learn with help(ZPD)
ZPD and scaffolding
What I can learn on my
own
Technology and toolsKnowledgeable others
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
CH
ALL
ENG
E
SKILLSLow High
Low
Hig
h
Anxiety
Boredom Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
14
Adapted from: Csikszentmihalyi (1991) and Killi (2009)
http://thirdmonth.blogspot.co.uk
Computers as ‘mind tools’ for the engaging of learners in critical thinking
- David Jonassen
‘New’ learners are...• more self-directed
• better equipped to capture information
• more reliant on feedback from peers
• more inclined to collaborate
• more oriented toward being their own
“nodes of production”.
Education Trends | Featured NewsJohn K. Waters—13 December 2011
http://coolshots.blogspot.com/2007_02_01_archive.html
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
http://thesocietypages.org/cyborgology
“Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man's character, give him an iPhone.”
- Abraham Lincoln (on the ‘selfie’)
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
“60% of all Internet pages
contain misleading
information.”
- Thomas Edison
Learners need ‘digital literacies’
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
“Lee Harvey and the Wailers”(Lee Harvey did not jam alone)
http://www.myspace.com/hsu/photos/6850630
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Learners will need new ‘literacies’
• Social networking• Privacy maintenance• Identity management• Creating content• Organising content• Reusing and repurposing• Filtering and selecting• Self presention• Transliteracy
http://www.mopocket.com/
Stev
e W
hee
ler,
Un
iver
sity
of
Ply
mo
uth
, 20
15
Leaning 2.0 – Digital Literacies
Mastery
Literacies
Competencies
Skills
Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)
Connection
Context
Complexity
Connotation
Adapted from: Mark Federman (2012)
Skills for Learning 2.0
Graphic by Steve Wheeler (2013)
“Knowledge that is acquired under compulsion obtains no hold on the mind.”
- SocratesPlato
http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-713124904
Thank you
W: http://steve-wheeler.netE: [email protected]: http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.comT: @timbuckteeth
Photo by Steve Wheeler
With thanks to my students:Tyla ElworthyAaron FisherAlex Druce
