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8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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Pykgnreic nh bffpi{jsnfh wnse Dyo P{irr(
Rfai ajsi{njg p{itnfyrg~ pykgnreic Ayhsi{ Ljbm/r Ffd Ns Kffd ns KfddjhcMnhisnb Aicnsjsnfh %Dyo P{irr.( Ayhsi{ Ljbm jgrf w{nsir jr Sei Dyo(
Bfp~{noes ;0:0 Ayhsi{ Ljbm(
www(gfyddjp{irr(bfa
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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fddref{ihjtnojsnfh
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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SEI GFCOI[
Senr nr wejs ei cfir' cfir jgg' cfir jgg cj~( _engi N/a fys wf{mnho(
Senr nr wejs ei cfir( Sirsnbgir( Rb{jsbeir seia' {ykr seia' pjsr seia'fh sei j{cyfyr lfy{hi~ d{fa kic sf missgi( Dnggr ns' pgyor ns nh' dgnbmr sei
rwnsbe( Sei missgi( Sij kjo( Gjrs sij kjo nh sei kfu( J kns fd angm( Gjrs
fd sei angm( Kfngnho wjsi{( K{ijc( Gjrs swf rgnbir yhci{ sei o{ngg( _engi
N/a fys( _engi N/a fys wf{mnho jgg cj~( Sjmir j kjse( Gjrs fd sei
kykkgi kjse( Gjrs fd sei rfjp( Gjrs fd sei efs wjsi{( Senr nr wejs eicfir( Senr nr wejs ei cfir jgg cj~( Iti{~ cj~( Rb{jsbenho' {ykknho'
pjssnho enr sirsnbgir( _engi N/a js wf{m( Rafmir a~ bnoj{issir( Gjrs
pnhbe fd sfkjbbf( Gjrs {n|gj( Ejr j rens f{ j wjhm f{ rfaisenho( Gjrs fdsei sfngis {fgg( Rj~r ei/r j w{nsi{( +_{nsnho j hftig' ei rj~r( Dyhh~ sejs(
Pihr( C{jwi{ dygg( Pjpi{( [ijar fd( Kgjhm( Senr nr wejs ei cfir' cfirjgg' cfir jgg cj~( _engi N/a fys wf{mnho(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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GNHCJ
Nsr j gfho snai jof jhc N/a rnssnho fh j kihbe nh sei pj{m( Rnssnho hius
sf Gnhcj( Rei/r gffmnho p{iss~ nh ei{ ryaai{ rmn{s jhc wensi bfssfh
kgfyri( N/ti ofs a~ j{a j{fyhc ei{ wjnrs jhc N/a bfhrnci{nho wejs sf
rj~ hius( Rei ejrh/s rsfppic sjgmnho rnhbi wi rjs cfwh( Jkfys ei{
d{nihc/r bfyrnh/r hiw refir' j bjs rei rjw jhc jgg mnhcr fd cnddi{ihs
dgjtfy{ic b{nrpr( N/a wfhci{nho nd rei/c anhc nd N rgnp a~ ejhc yhci{
ei{ kgfyri( N s{~ ns( Rei fddi{r hf {irnrsjhbi( Rei/r sjgmnho jkfys j pjn{
fd ij{{nhor sejs ei{ ajsi kfyoes fh sei aj{mis df{ :(4>( N/a wjsbenho
j o{fyp fd kf~r mnbmnho j snh bjh j{fyhc jh iaps~ pjccgnho pffg'
se{fwnho pih mhntir js sei s{yhm fd j s{ii' cj{nho ijbe fsei{ sf pnbm ypj pnibi fd cfo rens( N ejtih/s rjnc j wf{c df{ joir( N/a hfs nh j affc(
N/a hfs jho{~ f{ n{{nsjsic( N lyrs gnmi gnrsihnho sf Gnhcj sjgmnho( Jhc
senhmnho jkfys ei{ tjonhj(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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KYGMNHO YP
Ei/r kiih ayrbgnho sei ayrbgi' jojnh( O{ijs gyap fd j gjc(
Eijc!kyssnho enr wj~ se{fyoe snhr fd syhj( O{nh gnmi j b{jbmic
{nk( I~ik{fwr senbm wnse aihjbi( Ei/r kiih dybmnho wnse seigjwr fd i{ofhfanbr( Rhf{snho jhc wenhh~nho( Ejiaf{{ejonho
sirsfrsi{fhi( Sei tinh fh enr siapgi se{fkknho gnmi j bfw/r
eij{s( K~ eibm' ei/r kiih ayrbgnho sei ayrbgi' jg{noes(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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OIHI PFFG
Hf' hf' a~ djsei{ wjr a~ djsei{/r afsei{' wjr a~ afsei{/r' wjr a~
afsei{ djsei{( A~ djsei{( A~ afsei{/r rnci fd sei djang~ djsei{( N ofs
fh kissi{ wnse a~ rnci fd sei djang~( Kinho j anccgi( K{fsei{r jhc
rnrsi{r( _ejs wnse a~ k{fsei{r jhc rnrsi{r kinho nh sei anccgi( A~
djang~ wi{i jgwj~r nh sei anccgi( Djsei{ jhc afsei{ jhc jgg sejs( Gnssgi
rnrsi{r' k{fsei{r kno' gnssgi k{fsei{r' rnrsi{r kno' gnssgi( Jgwj~r j b{fwc js
fy{ efyri( Jhc ai nh sei anccgi( A~ djang~( Zynsi j b{fwc(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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CFHS OF HIICNHO AI
Jhc rei/c rj~' +Cfh/s ~fy of hiicnho ai' rmnhh~ wensi kf~+( Siggnho
ai jkfys sei fsei{ aih jhc wejs rei/c cfhi wnse seia( Jhc N/c ois
lijgfyr jhc j{fyric jhc sigg ei{ sf sigg ai af{i( Jhc seih wi/c ajmi
gfti nh sei mnsbeih f{ sei kjse{ffa f{ ejgd wj~ jgfho sei ejgg( Jhcwi/c wjmi yp nh cj{mhirr wnse hfsenho kys rwijs jhc riaih kiswiih
yr( Jhc rei/c rj~' +^fy cf ns kirs weih ~fy/{i lijgfyr+( Jhc N/c wjhssf ey{s ei{ rfaiefw( Kys N hiti{ cnc( Itih sefyoe N mhiw rei wjhsic
ai sf(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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SEI PNPI
Ei/r wij{nho j wffgg~ ejs wnse j pnbsy{i fd j wffgg~ ajaafse fh ns(
Jhc ei/r lyrs jkrf{kic j p{fdfyhc jafyhs fd rafmi d{fa sei pnpi(
Efgcnho ns nh( Rnu' ritih' inoes( Gissnho ns fys( Siggnho ai jkfys j cijc
dfu ei dfyhc js sei rnci fd sei {fjc( Sjppnho sei pnpi fh sei icoi fdsei sjkgi( Bj{{nic ns efai k~ sei sjng nh sei djcnho gnoes fd j wnhsi{
jdsi{hffh( Pys j senh pnibi fd {fpi j{fyhc nsr hibm jhc snic ns sf jhyp{noes pgjhm gijhnho jojnhrs j s{ii nh sei kjbm ~j{c( Efgcnho ns nh(
Inoes' hnhi' sih( Gissnho ns fys( I~igncr wngsnho( Jhc rei/r sjgmnho
zynisg~ fh sei sigipefhi' jkfys sei mncr( Gijhnho jojnhrs sei wjrenhoajbenhi( Rsj{nho js sei bingnho( Rgns sei senho d{fa se{fjs sf oihnsjgr(
Rbffpic fys sei f{ojhr wnse enr ejhcr( Bys fdd sei pjwr jhc piigic fdd
nsr dy{( Efgcnho ns nh( Sih' igitih' swigti( Gissnho ns fys(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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EIJ[S FD OFGC
Ei/r hfs jh ijr~ pi{rfh' js jgg( Hfs ijr~' hf( Hiti{ ejr kiih( Ijr~6 Hf(
Bjga' {ijrfhjkgi' yhjrryanho( Jgg sejs oissnho jgfho( _fygc ~fy ofjgfho wnse sejs6 _fygc ~fy6 Bfygc ~fy6 Bfygc ~fy pys yp wnse jgg
sejs oissnho jgfho6 Gijtir ai bfgc ns cfir( Ei cfir( Bfgc( Ena kinhojgg wj{a( _j{a jhc bfhrnci{jsi( Kno eij{s' sei~ rj~( Eij{s fd ofgc(
Oihsgi( J {ijg oihsgiajh' ei nr( Gijtir ai bfgc' ei cfir( Ej{c wf{m(
Jhunfyr weih ei/r j{fyhc( Ois/r ai jgg jho{~ nhrnci( Bjga' {ijrfhjkgi'yhjrryanho( Ns/r hfs ijr~( Ei/r hfs jh ijr~ pi{rfh js jgg( Hfs js jgg(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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CIKF[JER RNRSI[
Nsr Rjsy{cj~ itihnho( N/a rnssnho fh sei rfdj wnse Cikf{je jhc N/a
s{~nho hfs sf hfsnbi ei{ rnrsi{ fh sei dgff{' nh d{fhs fd sei ojr dn{i( S{jbmryns kfssfar' kjoo~ s!ren{s' wis ejn{ nh mhfsr yhci{ j sfwig kjgjhbnho
fh sfp fd ei{ eijc( N/a s{~nho hfs sf rsj{i' kys ns/r cnddnbygs( N/a j tn{onh(Sejs cfirh/s eigp( Cikf{jer j tn{onh sff %f{ rf rei rj~r.( Cikf{je/r
rnrsi{' efwiti{' nr hfs j tn{onh( Jhc N mhfw sejs nh lyrs j bfypgi fd
efy{r/ snai Cikf{jer rnrsi{/r kf~d{nihc wngg ki bfanho sf pnbm ei{ ypnh enr bj{( Seih ei wngg c{nti ei{ nhsf sei bfyhs{~rnci' pj{m yp nh rfai
ciw~ dnigc jhc dybm ei{ rihrigirr nh sei pjrrihoi{ rijs( N/a s{~nho hfs
sf ojwp jr rei oisr {ijc~' cjkknho tj{hnre fhsf ei{ sfi hjngr' rs{fmnho
afnrsy{nri{r nhsf ei{ rmnh' mnrrnho gnprsnbm fhsf knsr fd dfgcic snrryi( Js
rfai pfnhs gjsi{ senr itihnho Cikf{je/r rnrsi{/r kf~d{nihc wngg ki
wnhcnho cfwh sei eijtng~ bfhcihrjsic wnhcfw fd enr bj{' sfrrnho j
yric bfhcfa nhsf j eicoi{fw' gnoesnho yp j bnoj{issi jhc k{ijsenho j
ciip rnoe fd riuyjg rjsnrdjbsnfh(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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SEI FYSKY[RS
Rsf{aic fdd( Rsfppic sei bj{( Ofs fys fd sei bj{ jhc rsf{aic fdd(
Jb{frr sei dnigcr( Rsjapnho se{fyoe cjhcignfhr jhc bfw rens nh sei{jnh( Riisenho jhc refysnho jhc rejmnho enr dnrs js sei rm~( Jhc rei/r
rnssnho sei{i' nh sei pjrrihoi{ rijs' zynisg~ fkri{tnho( Ihonhi {yhhnho(
Jhc ei/r mnbmnho sei eijcr fdd senrsgir( [jtnho jhc re{nhmnho nhsf seigjhcrbjpi jr ei {fapr fti{ sei engg( Jhc rei/r pii{nho fys se{fyoe sei
rs{ijar fd {jnh c{nkkgnho cfwh sei wnhcrb{iih( _jsbenho jhc senhmnho'
+Ritih angir sf sei hij{irs sfwh( Hfs rf dj{( N senhm ei mhfwr sei
wj~(+ Rgncnho nhsf sei c{ntnho rijs( Ihonhi rsngg {yhhnho(
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MNHISNB AICNSJSNFH
Ihsi{sjnh j ti{snbjg pfrsy{i( Kfc~( [fbm sei sfp ejgd fd ~fy{' ~fy{
kfc~( [fbm sei sfp ejgd fd ~fy{ kfc~ kjbmwj{cr jhc df{wj{cr( Dnhoi{r(Snbmgi sei ihcr fd ~fy{ dnhoi{r wnse sei ihcr fd ~fy{ dnhoi{r( Gfri
~fy{rigd nh' gfri ~fy{ nhhi{' ~fy{ nhhi{ kjgjhbi( Ihojoi wnse j
bfapgisi gjbm fd cn{ibsnfh' wnse' wnse j p{fdfyhc gjbm fd py{pfri(
Yssi{ zynisg~ nh' nhbfei{ihsg~' nh yhdjsefajkgi sfhoyir( Sjmi j diw
ref{s' j{{e~seanb k{ijser( [iajnh yhdfbyric( Yhrissgic( Onti nh( Onti
nh sf pjhnb(
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SEI SNHBSY[IR
Gffm js sei djbi fh ns( Cignti{nho sei snhbsy{ir( Bfygc ki ~fy nh rfai
encifyr %bfyhsnho cfwh d{fa sih sf |i{f.( Nh rfai( Najonhi rfaiencifyr byhs yp rfai encifyr' yp rfai encifyr dgjsr' wjnsnho df{ sei
%c{ndsnho nhsf sei rykbfhrbnfyr.( Fe cij{' hf' hf' fe a~ cij{ Gf{c' hf(
Rjw ns jgg weih N cnc sei irsjsir( _jgmnho sei bf{{ncf{r' sei rsjn{r(_nhcfwr bfti{ic nh rens( Cff{r( Fe a~ wf{c' sei raigg( Jhc sei~/c
ki sei{i( _jnsnho df{ sei snhbsy{ir( +Fe' cfnho sei bf{{ncf{r j{i ~fy6
Bfai sf cf sei bf{{ncf{r6+ Jhc N/c senhm' +_ef j{i seiri byhsr6+(
_fygch/s itih hfsnbi nd ~fy pys j mhndi se{fyoe seia( _fygch/s itih
kgnhm( Onti sei dgjs sf ~fy' onti ~fy' onti rfaifhi gnmi ~fy j bejhbi(
Bfygch/s wi( Sjmi sei nhnsnjsnti( Bgijh ns yp df{ ~fy( Bgijh yp sei
bf{{ncf{r jhc sei rsjn{r( Sei dgff{r( Ois {nc fd sei snhbsy{ir(
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RIJEF[RIR
N/a dnti ~ij{r fgc jhc N/a wjnsnho sf ejti dnti snh~' ngg!pgjbic' siise
{iaftic d{fa a~ snh~ dnti ~ij{ fgc afyse wnse sei jnci fd ry{onbjgpgni{r jhc j b~gnhci{ dygg fd hns{fyr funci( N/a wjnsnho nh j wjnsnho
{ffa wnse a~ afsei{( _jnsnho jhc wjsbenho j p{iohjhs rijef{ri
{igijri j bgyrsi{ fd snh~ s{jhrgybihs kjknir nhsf j rjgs wjsi{ jzyj{nya nhsei bf{hi{ fd sei {ffa( A~ afsei{ siggr ai sejs sei rijef{ri ontnho
kn{se nr ajgi( Ajgi( Rei iupgjnhr sejs sejs nr sei wj~ wnse rijef{rir( Ns
jgg rfyhcr ti{~ nap{irrnti( N/a nh j gj{oi' kgjbm' gijsei{ bejn{' bfyhsnho
kjbmwj{cr d{fa sih sf |i{f' jhc N kionh sf najonhi a~rigd ontnho kn{se
sf j sefyrjhc snh~' s{jhrgybihs rijef{rir( _eih N wjmi yp wnse j hyak
jhc kgffc~ afyse' a~ afsei{ nr efgcnho a~ ejhc jhc wenrpi{nho
oihsg~' siggnho ai sejs iti{~senho nr ofnho sf ki jg{noes jhc sejs N/ti
kiih j ti{~ k{jti kf~ nhciic( N o{nh j wff|~ jhc si{{nd~nho oyaa~
o{nh( Gjsi{' nh sei itihnho' N pgjbi dnti snh~ siise yhci{ a~ pnggfw( A~
afsei{ sybmr ai nhsf kic' mnrrir ai fh sei eijc jhc rj~r offchnoes(
Jhc N djgg jrgiip c{ijanho fd rijef{rir(
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BFHDNOY[JSNFHR
Sei senhor sejs ~fy senhm ~fy {iaiaki{ ~fy cfh/s( Iti{~ snai ~fy yriaiaf{~ ~fy cfh/s( Sei r~hjprir fd sei k{jnh j{i nh j bfhrsjhs p{fbirr
fd {ibfhdnoy{jsnfh jhc ~fy gni sf fsei{r' ~fy gni sf ~fy{rigd f{ sigg sei
s{yse f{ sigg fsei{ s{yser(
8/9/2019 Offshore Navigation by Munter Jack
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AJBENHI SEI AJBENHI
Se{ijc sei ajbenhi jgfho sei icoi( Knhc ns'
ajmnho ry{i sejs sei gfhoi{ rnci nr pnpic( Seirsnsbeir aj~ ky{rs( [isjgnjsi wnse kyssfh gffpr
jhc j p{irr!rsyc( Yri j PTB bgnp nd hibirrj{~(Rgns jgfho sei pihbng gnhi jhc c{jnh( Ajbenhi sei
ajbenhi' kys cfh/s sjmi sei kfkknh se{fyoe sei
se{fjs pgjsi( Sjbm sei ihc fd sei kfkknh sf sei
sfp se{ijc jhc wnhc kjbm yhsng ns nr sjys( Senr
wngg ajunanri bjpjbns~' seyr ajunanrnho
iddnbnihb~( _npi cfwh wnse j cjap bgfse jhc
p{ipj{i df{ nhrianhjsnfh %rii cnjo{ja.(
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KN[SECJ^ BJ[C
Rei rpihs sei hnoes jkrf{knho ejggybnhfoihr jhc hfw ns/r af{hnho jhc
rei/r rnssnho js sei mnsbeih sjkgi bfti{ic nh ognssi{ jhc pjnhs jhc knsr fd
bfgfy{ic pjpi{( Jhc rei/r ofs ei{ dnhoi{r rsybm nh j pjn{ fd mncr/
rbnrrf{r( Sei bj{c ejr kiih ogyic sf sei mnsbeih dgff{( Fh sei d{fhs fd ns
nr j pefsfo{jpe fd j Rei{ajh sjhm sejs/r kiih bys fys fd j kffm jkfys
_f{gc _j{ Swf( Hius sf sei sjhm nr j kn{f c{jwnho fd j cjbereyhc
wnse dnti gior( Ns nr jh yssi{g~ rykgnai jhc yhpj{jggigic fklibs fd kijys~
jhc wfhci{( Sei bj{c( N gffm js ns jhc nhrsjhsg~ yhci{rsjhc sei aijhnho
fd iti{~senho sejs nr' wjr jhc iti{ wngg ki se{fyoefys sei yhnti{ri jsjh~ pfnhs iti{( Iti{( N mnrr ei{ fh sei rs{np fd riggfsjpi rsybm sf ei{
df{ieijc' dngg sei missgi' rwnsbe ns fh' jhc ajmi swf bypr fd bejafangi
sij( N bjh/s wjns sf rii a~ p{irihs(
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KGNHCDFGC
J ajh jhc j wfajh j{i ajmnho
gfti fh j sjkgi( N wjsbe seia
se{fyoe j ojp nh sei cff{( Kirncisei sjkgi' j kf~ wnse j {ffm/r
eijc pibmr sei kgnhcdfgc d{fa jon{g/r i~ir( Sei kgnhcdfgc djggr sf
sei dgff{ jhc sei on{g fpih/r ei{
afyse rf wnci sejs ei{ hfri jhc
i~ir cnrjppij{(
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RZYN[[IGRBjai efai sf dnhc ei{ cnriakfwiggnho o{i~ rzyn{{igr nh seimnsbeih rnhm( Refs d{fa j cirfgjsi s{ii wnse j pfnhs ?? jn{ {ndgi(
Rmnhhic jhc senhhic fd f{ojhr( C{nppnho fh sei c{jnhnho kfj{c(
Sei cygg {jssgi fd j kfngi{ pyapnho efs wjsi{ se{fyoe sei pnpirfd j efyri( Fh sei itihnho fd sei iti kidf{i Be{nrsajr Iti( Jh
yhrafmic bnoj{issi rafygci{nho fh sei icoi fd j kgffc~
pgjsi( J p{nrsnhi s{jng fd jre(
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SEI IOO
Sei{i/r dybm jgg nh sei ioo( Dybm jgg js jgg( Kf{icfa nr
sei eij{s fd sei ioo( Kf{icfa aygsnpgnic nhdnhnsig~ yhsng
ns ontir kn{se sf j yhnti{ri fd yssi{ iapsnhirr( Yssi{(
Itncihbi bfggibsic d{fa sei bf{pf{ijg rihrir riimr sf
cih~ sei iapsnhirr fd sei ioo( Sjmi pfrrirrnfh fd sei
kfc~ jhc nsr nhs{ycnho kignidr( Py{nd~ sei rihrir( Py{ns~
nr sei eij{s fd sei ioo(
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HI_ GNDI
Rsj{s j hiw gndi nh j rsfgih bj{(
Ajmi j hiw d{nihc( Pj{m js sei
rnci fd sei {fjc jhc wjns(
Itihsyjgg~ rfaifhi wngg ois nh(
C{nti ~fy{ hiw d{nihc sf sei
ribfhc pi{rfh( Sejs/r ~fy jhc jgg
sei gntir ~fy iti{ ejc( ^fy jhcjgg sei gntir ~fy hiti{ ofs( Rej{i
rfai c{yor jhc' weih ~fy j{i
kfse enoe' pys j rnu!nhbe kgjci
nhsf ~fy{ hiw d{nihc/r se{fjs jh~
hyaki{ fd snair yhsng sei dgfw fd
kgffc rykrncir( Jkjhcfh sei bj{
nh j bj{ pj{m kienhc j kfj{cic yppykgnb efyri( _jgm efai( _jre
~fy{ bgfseir' sjmi j kjse' ajmi j
byp fd sij( Rsj{s j hiw gndi(
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SEI RY[[IHCI[
Ns nr sf sei tn{syir fd snai sejs sei tnrnsf{ ayrs ry{{ihci{(
[fsjsnho yhnti{rir' s{jti{rjkgi wf{a efgir jhc nhdnhnsi
bfranb rs{nhor ejti kiih dnssic wnse p{irry{i pnpir jhc
pntfsjg lfnhsr( By{tjsy{ir nh rpjbi jggfw tf~joir nhsf
sei dysy{i wnse sei jnc fd wffcih ajggisr jhc jdi{aihsjsnfh sjhm ajci d{fa {ib~bgic pgjrsnb( Gffpr nh
sei siapf{jg f{ci{ j{i kinho rejpic nh sei ej|i fd j efs
dyo jhc dgnbmi{nho ojr gnoes( Ns nr sf seiri tn{syir sejs sei
tnrnsf{ ayrs ry{{ihci{(
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SEI P[FCNOJG
Ei{i/r sei bjgjans~' ns/r :0 j(a( jhc ei/r jg{ijc~ c{yhm(
Se{ii bjhr fd Rpibnjg K{iw jhc j kfssgi fd wnhi(Pefhnho enr rnrsi{' pefhnho enr k{fsei{( Sjgmnho rens
jkfys wef cnc senr jhc wef rjnc sejs weih sei~ wi{imncr( Pefhnho enr cij{ fgc aya jhc jrmnho df{ afhi~(
Ofir {fyhc sf ei{ efyri nh sei jdsi{hffh' w{ibmic fh
c{nhm' ciajhcnho sf ki gis nh( Se{ijsihnho sf pygg fdd
sei oj{cih ojsi jhc se{fw ns se{fyoe sei d{fhs {ffa
wnhcfw( Rf' rei gis/r ena nh( Cij{ fgc aya( Jhc rei
fpihr ei{ py{ri df{ sei pff{' efpigirr byhs( Sjmir fys
ei{ gjrs sih zync jhc ejhcr ns fti{( Jhc ei c{fpr sf enr
mhiir' {noes sei{i nh sei ejggwj~' bgnhonho sf ei{ senh
d{jai' wiipnho nhsf ei{ o{fnh( Kioonho sf ki df{ontih(Jhc' bgysbenho j gnssgi rngti{ b{ybndnu nh sei pjga fd ei{
gids ejhc' c{nppnho sij{r nhsf enr ejn{' rei df{ontir ena(
Jojnh
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ayhsi{l j b m;0:0