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Office of Resilience and Sustainability
Jane Gilbert, Chief Resilience Officer Stephanie Tashiro, Deputy Resilience Officer
City Context
2016
• “Gateway to the Americas” - a compact microcosm of economic, social, and ethnic diversity
• Largest city in MDC with over 440,000 residents • More than half of Miamians (51 percent) were
born abroad, and almost three-quarters (71 percent) of Miami households have at least one immigrant member.
• Leading center for international banking, finance and trade, while 29.9% of people live below the poverty levels.
2016
Resilience Growth: Hurricanes
• 1992: Hurricane Andrew – Stricter building codes enacted in
Miami-Dade and Broward Counties (shutters, thicker plywood or concrete block construction, truss tie-downs)
– Later Adopted by the State • 2005: Hurricane Season
– Gas stations and large grocery stores required to have generators or hook-ups, FP&L strengthened its network, federal government improved its forecasts
Resilience Growth: Terrorism
• 2001: September 11 – DHS Urban Areas Security Initiative Created
• Miami and Fort Lauderdale UASIs formed unique partnership to plan projects, training and exercise
• Became one UASI in 2011 • Funds Southeast Florida Fusion Center
– DHS State Homeland Security Grant Program Created
• Resulted in creation of Southeast Florida Domestic Security Task Force • Broader group than UASI, similar mission
– Post 2001: Planning continues to evolve as terrorism evolves
• Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP)
• Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP) • Hurricane Plan • Active Shooter Plan
Resilience Plans- Miami
• Local Mitigation Strategy (LMS): County – Began in the 1990s – County-wide strategy with municipality annexes – 1800 projects, 80% unfunded – 500 drainage projects
• Threat, Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (THIRA) : Regional – Creates goals and personnel/equipment needed based on
a number of scenarios – Terrorism, Chemical/Biological/Radiological Incidents,
Cyber Security, Hurricanes, Flooding, Climate Change Considerations
Resilience Plans- County and Regional
Department Overview
2016
• Mission: To build physical, social and economic resilience & sustainability in Miami and the surrounding region through internal and external partnerships.
Resilience & Sustainability
Flooding
Hurricanes
Infrastructure
Affordable Housing Sea Level Rise
Transportation
Poverty
Department Overview
2016
• Co-developing a unified Resilient Greater Miami and the Beaches strategy with Miami-Dade County and City of Miami Beach
• Integrate holistic resilience strategy into City of Miami’s
strategic plan, budgeting, policies and capital improvement plans
• Advance City of Miami’s resilience to sea level rise through
interdepartmental planning & advising, support to SLR Committee, community/stakeholder engagement, and implementing SLR policy/resolutions.
Top Three Priorities:
Abandoned Steel Mill in Pittsburgh, USA
A city’s ability to maintain essential functions is threatened by both acute
shocks and chronic stresses.
Flooding in Mandalay, Myanmar
Austerity riots in Athens, Greece
Sudden shocks or accumulating stresses can lead to social breakdown, physical
collapse, or economic decline.
Earthquake Wildfires Flooding Sandstorms Extreme cold Hazardous materials accident Severe storms and extreme rainfall Terrorism Disease outbreak Riot/civil unrest Infrastructure or building failure Heat wave
What are acute shocks?
What are chronic stresses?
Earthquake Wildfires Flooding Sandstorms Extreme cold Hazardous materials accident Severe storms and extreme rainfall Terrorism Disease outbreak Riot/civil unrest Infrastructure or building failure Heat wave
What are acute shocks?
Water Scarcity Lack of affordable
housing Poor air quality
High unemployment Homelessness
Changing demographics Lack of social
cohesion Poverty/inequity
Aging Infrastructure Shifting macroeconomic
trends Crime & violence
What are chronic stresses?
Shocks and stresses can bring opportunities for cities to evolve, and in some circumstances,
transform.
Shock or Stress
Resilient GM&B Phase I: Preliminary Resilience Assessment
Local Perceptions Survey
Actions Inventory
City Context
Physical Asset Scan
3-5 Discovery Areas for further study in Phase II
Stakeholder Committee validation Shocks & Stress
Qualitative Risk Assessment
Strengths & Weaknesses
List of actions, understanding of the gaps
Understanding of budget, region, governance
Scope, scale & condition of assets
Consequences
City Context
Working team
Stakeholder engagement
Interviews
Resilient GM&B Phase I: Engagement Status By the numbers, Preliminary Outreach
38% Mayor Meetings Complete
1 Agenda Setting Workshop
Resilient GM&B questionnaire
3 focus groups
City Mgrs, LMS, Phil Miami
4 invited participant
GMCC New Tropic
Biznow MD Police Chiefs CM Commission
CRO Speaking engagements
3 subject meetings
Transportation Housing and P&Z
Key Stakeholders • Mayors • Schools + Universities • Hospital + Health System • Government Affairs • Workforce Development • Transportation • Sea Level Rise • Affordable Housing
Large Stakeholders • Development Industry • Business Industry • Arts/Culture Industry • Social Equity • Young Professionals • DDA • Environmental • City Managers • Emergency Response *bold text denotes ongoing/completed effort
Resilient GM&B Phase II: Discovery area analysis
What is a Discovery Area? • Where GM&B needs to better understand risk • Where GM&B needs to evaluate interdependencies • Where GM&B need to gather new data to understand the potential for resilience-building initiatives in the city.
• They set the framework and priorities for analysis in Phase II
Some examples of discovery areas from others cities include a healthier environment, integrated plans and programs, adaptable and redundant infrastructure
Resilient GM&B Phase II: Strategy Development
Select actions to form implementable Resilience Strategy
• Identify opportunities / potential actions based on findings from the discovery area analysis
• Enhance / develop existing actions
• Identify existing actions for inclusion in the strategy
Create Resilient Greater Miami and the Beaches strategy document
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Prioritized Shocks + Stresses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop Focus Groups Mayors Meetings Shocks
Hurricanes/Tornado (22%) Hurricane/ Tornado (37%) Rainfall Flooding (35%)
Economic Crash (11%) Economic Crash (19%) Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Cyber Security/ Communications (9%)
Rainfall Flooding (12%) Utility Infrastructure Failure
(24%)
Infrastructure Failure – Transport/ Access (9%)
Utility Infrastructure Failure (11%)
Hurricanes/Tornado (12%)
Stresses Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (15.5%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (28%) Overtaxed + Unreliable
Transportation System (25%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (15.5%) Aging Infrastructure (24%) Aging Infrastructure (16%)
Aging Infrastructure (15.5%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(17%) Unstable Political Climate
(14%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(14%) Access to Quality Education
(11%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (13%) Access to Quality Education
(7%) Rising Sea Level + Coastal
Erosion (9%) Lack of Affordable Housing
(11%)
Agenda Setting Workshop
Focus Groups Mayors Meetings
Strengths
Ensures continuity of critical services (21%)
Meet basic needs (22%) Fosters long-term and
integrated planning (19%)
Meets basic needs (14.5%) Empowers a broad range of
stakeholders (19%) Promotes cohesive and engaged
communities (14%)
Fosters long-term and integrated planning (10%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (17%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (14%)
Meets basic needs (7%)
Weaknesses
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(31%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (30%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(17%)
Empowers a broad range of stakeholders (12.5%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(21%) Meets basic needs (20%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (8%)
Meets basic needs (9%) Fosters economic prosperity
(12%)
Prioritized Strengths + Weaknesses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop
Focus Groups Mayors Meetings
Strengths
Ensures continuity of critical services (21%)
Meet basic needs (22%) Fosters long-term and
integrated planning (19%)
Meets basic needs (14.5%) Empowers a broad range of
stakeholders (19%) Promotes cohesive and engaged
communities (14%)
Fosters long-term and integrated planning (10%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (17%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (14%)
Meets basic needs (7%)
Weaknesses
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(31%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (30%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(17%)
Empowers a broad range of stakeholders (12.5%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(21%) Meets basic needs (20%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (8%)
Meets basic needs (9%) Fosters economic prosperity
(12%)
Prioritized Strengths + Weaknesses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop
Focus Groups Mayors Meetings
Strengths
Ensures continuity of critical services (21%)
Meet basic needs (22%) Fosters long-term and
integrated planning (19%)
Meets basic needs (14.5%) Empowers a broad range of
stakeholders (19%) Promotes cohesive and engaged
communities (14%)
Fosters long-term and integrated planning (10%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (17%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (14%)
Meets basic needs (7%)
Weaknesses
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(31%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (30%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(17%)
Empowers a broad range of stakeholders (12.5%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(21%) Meets basic needs (20%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (8%)
Meets basic needs (9%) Fosters economic prosperity
(12%)
Prioritized Strengths + Weaknesses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop
Focus Groups Mayors Meetings
Strengths
Ensures continuity of critical services (21%)
Meet basic needs (22%) Fosters long-term and
integrated planning (19%)
Meets basic needs (14.5%) Empowers a broad range of
stakeholders (19%) Promotes cohesive and engaged
communities (14%)
Fosters long-term and integrated planning (10%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (17%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (14%)
Meets basic needs (7%)
Weaknesses
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(31%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (30%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(17%)
Empowers a broad range of stakeholders (12.5%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(21%) Meets basic needs (20%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (8%)
Meets basic needs (9%) Fosters economic prosperity
(12%)
Prioritized Strengths + Weaknesses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Agenda Setting Workshop
Focus Groups Mayors Meetings
Strengths
Ensures continuity of critical services (21%)
Meet basic needs (22%) Fosters long-term and
integrated planning (19%)
Meets basic needs (14.5%) Empowers a broad range of
stakeholders (19%) Promotes cohesive and engaged
communities (14%)
Fosters long-term and integrated planning (10%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (17%)
Ensures continuity of critical services (14%)
Meets basic needs (7%)
Weaknesses
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(31%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (30%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(17%)
Empowers a broad range of stakeholders (12.5%)
Provides reliable communications and mobility
(21%) Meets basic needs (20%)
Supports livelihoods and employment (8%)
Meets basic needs (9%) Fosters economic prosperity
(12%)
Prioritized Strengths + Weaknesses Resilient GM&B Preliminary Findings
Listening and Learning Initial findings: Transportation
• Need a consistent standard for SLR/storm surge planning and design
• Need public outreach and education to change local culture and perception of public transit
• Funding is an ongoing issue; opportunities exist for creative financing
• Collaboration with planning and zoning is key
• Need to understand impact and potential for smart technology including autonomous vehicles
• How will Brightline impact land use in region
• What does the future of transportation look like in GM&B (post current plans)?
Listening and Learning Initial Findings: Housing
• Low supply of affordable housing
• Collaboration with planning and zoning and transportation is key
• State and Federal funding is highly competitive;
• Municipal policies can create incentives for mixed income developments
• Opportunities exist for creative financing
• The urbanized housing reliant on external, often seasonal and absentee buyers
Building a Resilient Miami
2016
- Citizen Survey and Stakeholder Engagement - Elected and staff leadership input on priorities - Integrating Resilience & Sustainability
performance measures (e.g., Recovery time goals) across departments
- Resilient Infrastructure Review Committee - interdepartmental coordination, leveraging co-benefits
Strategic Plan & Budget
Addressing Increasing Flood Risks
2016
• Rapid Action Assessment for Critical infrastructure
• Updated Storm Water Management Plan
• Work with Planning and Zoning to strengthen zoning code;
• Work with Building Department to reduce NFIP CRS score
• Co-lead neighborhood integrated flood risk management – Shorecrest; and
• Engage Sea Level Rise Committee and other key external stakeholders around these priorities.
Department Contact
2016
• Jane Gilbert, Chief Resilience Officer: [email protected], 305-416-1048
• Stephanie Tashiro, Deputy Resilience Officer: [email protected], 305-416-5428
• Ajani Stewart, Environ. Programs Manager: [email protected], 305-960-5191
• Office of Resilience and Sustainability, 444 SW 2nd Ave, 10th Floor, Miami, Fl, 33130