October 18, 2013

Copy the correct

diagram.

When done…..use IPAD

to go to team website

and go to TUCKER MEAP

Review Page, then

download October 18,

2013 activity.

Vocabulary AssignmentDirections:1. Complete the following slide (handout) with your table partner on

terms you know or don’t know2. Make sure you know (very well) all of the terms that have PowerPoint

slides3. Use I-pads and Google to help you find definitions for terms you don’t

know

Then, visit these sites for vocabulary challenges:• http://education.jlab.org/vocabhangman/• http://www.neok12.com/vocabulary-games.htm• http://www.eduplace.com/parents/hmsc/content/vocabgames/• http://www.harcourtschool.com/glossary/science/index6.html• https://sites.google.com/a/csisd.org/mrs-mullen-s-5th-grade-science/stu

dy-vocabulary• https://sites.google.com/a/stanlycountyschools.org/tommythompson/sc

ience/vocabulary

Of the 140 Vocabulary Terms……Terms I Know Well….. Terms I Am Not Sure Of…..

8th Grade Science Vocabulary Terms (140 terms for Frayer Model)

1. absorb2. acquired traits3. adaptations4. atmosphere5. atoms6. balance of nature7. balance scale8. benefit9. cell wall10. cells11. characteristics12. chemical change13. chemical weathering14. chlorophyll15. chromosome16. climax community17. closed circuit18. cold blooded19. cold front20. community21. competition22. compound23. conclusion24. condensation25. conductor26. consumer27. control28. cytoplasm29. data (datum)

30. decomposer31. density32. digestive system33. direct rays34. dominant traits35. echo36. echolocation37. ecosystem38. egg cell (ovary)39. electromagnet40. element41. elevation42. embryo43. erosion44. evaporation45. evidence46. evolution47. extinct48. fertilization49. flower50. food chain51. food web52. force53. fossil54. fulcrum55. galaxy56. gas57. gene58. germinate59. gravity

60. heredity61. humidity62. hypothesis63. igneous rock64. inclined plane65. incomplete circuit66. inference67. inherited traits68. investigation69. landfill70. lava71. lever72. liquids73. lunar phases74. magma75. mass76. mechanical weathering77. metamorphic rocks78. meter79. microscope80. mineral81. mixture82. molecules83. non-conductor

(insulator)84. non-native species

(exotic)85. observation86. opaque87. organ

88. ozone89. parasite90. photosynthesis91. physical change92. pioneer species93. pollen94. pollutant95. population96. precipitation97. predation98. procedure99. producer100. pulley101. purpose102. reaction force103. recessive trait104. reflect105. refract106. revolve107. rock cycle108. rotate109. runoff110. sedimentary rock111. simple machine112. single-celled organism113. solar eclipse114. solid115. sonar116. sound waves117. speed

118. sublimation119. succession120. surface mining121. symbiosis122. temperature123. thermal contraction124. thermal expansion125. thermometer126. translucent127. transparent128. unbalanced forces129. urban development130. vacuum131. vertebrate132. volume133. warm blooded134. warm front135. water cycle136. weather137. weight138. wetland139. wheel and axle140. zygote

extinctDefinition

• Species of organism that no longer has any living individuals

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Organisms disappear because of

changes to the Earth’s environment

• Mass extinctions can happen as a result of large scale changes

• Human changes to the environment have caused many extinctions

• EX: dinosaurs, passenger pigeons, mammoth

• NONEX: endangered species are reduced in number and may go extinct but are not yet extinct

Memory Pictograph

fertilizationDefinition

• Joining together of 2 cells to form a new cell called a zygote

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Sexual reproduction• Requires male and female

cells• Eggs must be fertilized in

order to grow into a new a organism

• EX: seed, embryo• NONEX: unfertilized chicken

egg will not divide and form a new organism

Memory Pictograph

flowerDefinition

• Reproductive organs flowering plants

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Pollen needed from male

stamen• Egg cell needed from female

pistil• Pollination required for seeds

to develop• EX: apple blossom must be

fertilized in order to develop in apple with seeds

• NONEX: if wind or bee (or Gregor Mendel with paint brush) do not transfer pollen

Memory Pictograph

galaxyDefinition

• Huge system of stars and dust particles

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Our galaxy is called the Milky

Way (why? – color appears white in the sky)

• Galaxies can be spiral, bar shaped, elliptical or irregular in shape

• Milky Way is a spiral shaped galaxy shaped like a pinwheel

• EX: Milky Way, Andromeda, Magellanic Clouds

• NONEX: solar systems are only a single star system

Memory Pictograph

Lunar PhasesDefinition

• Daily/ monthly changes in the Moon’s appearance

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Occur because of the one

month revolution period of the Moon’s orbit around the Earth

• Moon’s rotation (spin) and revolution (orbit) take the same amount of time so we never see the far side of the Moon from Earth

• EX: 5 main phases• NONEX: Lunar eclipse is

caused by the Earth’s shadow

Memory Pictograph

Mechanical WeatheringDefinition

• Physical action that breaks rocks apart without causing chemical changes to the rock

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Caused by wind, water, frost,

animals and plants• Main cause is frost action as

water freezes and expands in cracks in the rock causing it to break apart

• EX: potholes in the road in winter and spring time

• NONEX: chemical weathering from oxidation, acid rain or water carrying away minerals that can dissolve

Memory Pictograph

absorbDefinition

• To collect, or take inFacts/Examples/NonExample• Dark colors absorb heat• Light is absorbed or

reflected• Leaves absorb sunlight in

order to make food (photosynthesize)

• Sound waves are absorbed or reflected (echo)

• Cells absorb nutrients from their environment

Memory Pictograph

acquired traitsDefinition

• Characteristic that an organisms develops because of its environment

Facts/Examples/NonExample• traits NOT from parent, but

from environment• Help organism survive

better• Trait develops because of

environmental conditions• Ex: culture, language, larger

muscles, acquired skill such as riding a bike

• Nonex: hair color, freckles, gender ----- inherited traits

Memory Pictograph

adaptations Definition

• Traits that help plants and animals survive better

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Body parts of behaviors that

help an organisms to survive • more adaptations better

chances for survival (Darwin)• EX: Galapagos Islands finches

with beaks adapted to what they feed on/ camouflage/ speed/ special coloration

• NONEX: traits that make survival less likely

Memory Pictograph

atmosphereDefinition

• blanket of gases that surround the Earth

Facts/Examples/NonExample• 78% nitrogen• 21% oxygen• Mixture of nitrogen, oxygen

and other gases in much smaller amounts

• Reduces in pressure as you go up in elevation

• Several layers that have different properties

• NONEX: hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere

Memory Pictograph

atomsDefinition

• Smallest form of matterFacts/Examples/NonExample• Atoms bond together to form

molecules• Solids, liquids, gases, and plasma –

made of atoms• Atoms contain particles:

– Protons (+)– neutrons(no charge)– electrons(-)

• Invisible and mostly empty spaceEX: Hydrogen atoms and all elements of

the Periodic TableNONEX: Molecules are MADE OF atoms

bonded together

Memory Pictograph

Carbon Atom – Atomic # 6

balance of natureDefinition

• Balance and variety of species in a community

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Helps prevent overpopulation• Birth rate and death rate are

similar• Waste of one species is food

source for another species• EX: bacteria are decomposers/

roaches are scavengers• NONEX: Lake Erie dead zones

from too much algae growth kills fish in sudden die off event

Memory Pictograph

balance scaleDefinition

• Instrument used to measure mass (amount of matter)of an object

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Measuring tool• Works like a lever • Compares unknown mass to known

mass• Measures in metric: grams (g) or kilograms (kg)• Heavy mass goes down/ light mass

goes up• EX: triple beam balance• NONEX: human weight scale –

measures mass and pull of gravity on you which depends on whether you are on Earth, moon, or another planet

Memory Pictograph

benefitDefinition

• Something that provides and advantage to an organism

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Anything that helps a

species survive• Benefits come with risksEX: pesticides can benefit

humans by reducing mosquito populations BUT organisms that feed off mosquitoes (bats, birds, fish, frogs) will be harmed

NONEX: no long term benefit to using up all the resources

Memory Pictograph

cellsDefinition

• Basic unit of all living thingsFacts/Examples/NonExample• Animal cells usually round• Plant cells usually more squared

off• Human body made up of trillions

of cells• All cells come from other living

cells• EX: prokaryote (no nucleus) and

eukaryote (has nucleus) cells• NONEX: atoms and molecules are

matter that help to make up cells but cells are alive and matter is not

Memory Pictograph

cell wallDefinition

• Outer boundary of a plant, fungi, and bacteria cells

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Hard rigid boundary that

provides support and protection

• Explains why plants do not move about well

• Can bend, but will not move• EX: made of cellulose and

makes wood hard and durable

• NONEX: animal cells do NOT have cell walls

Memory Pictograph

characteristicsDefinition

• Collection of traits that form the way an organism looks

Facts/Examples/NonExample• We inherit our traits from

our parents• So do other organisms • 50% from each parent

organism• EX: hair color, body shape,

skin color• NONEX: acquired traits such

as playing a musical instrument

Memory Pictograph

chemical change

Definition• Change in a substance that

produces a new type of substance with new chemical properites

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Happens because of chemical

reactions• Chemical bonds are broken

and/ or new bonds are formed• Cannot be reversed – new

substances formed• EX: fire, rust, baking soda &

vinegar• NONEX: physical change such

as change in size by cutting paper or wood

Memory Pictograph

chemical weatheringDefinition

• Process by which rocks are broken down by chemical changes

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Man-made or natural• Dissolves rocks• Acids do most of the

weathering and erode the surface of the rocks

• EX: acid rain• NONEX: rocks eroded by

wind or frost action which are both mechanical weathering

Memory Pictograph

Acid rain

wears down

surface by

chemical

action

chlorophyll

Definition• Chemical that is used by plants

during photosynthesis

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Gives plants their green

color• In chloroplasts of plant cells• Allows plants to produce

their own food• EX: all plants • NONEX: animals do not

produce their own food

Memory Pictograph

chromosomeDefinition

• made of strands of DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Humans have 46 chromosomes• 23 chromosomes from each

parent• “blueprint” of how to build (or

repair) a particular organism• EX: eukaryotes have

chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell

• NONEX: prokaryotes have DNA but not inside of a nucleus (prokaryotes do not have a nucleus)

Memory Pictograph

climax communityDefinition

• Last step of a natural process called succession

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Takes a long time• Lake dries up, becomes a

wetland, then a meadow, then shrubs, then trees then forest

• Can stay as a forest for many years

• EX: U of M Dearborn hiking area is a beech-maple climax community

• NONEX: people cut down all the trees and change natural pattern

Memory Pictograph

closed circuitDefinition

• Electrical circuit in which electricity can flow freely

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Wires are fully connected

into a path for electrons to flow freely

• Light bulbs can light up• Battery is source of electron

flow• EX: flashlight switched on• NONEX: open switch,

broken wire, or burned out light bulb

Memory Pictograph

cold bloodedDefinition

• Animal whose body temperature changes with the environmental temperature

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Body temperature is not

constant• Body temperature changes

with temperature of its environment

• Warm and cold extremes can kill the animal

• EX: reptiles, amphibians, fish, invertebrates

• NONEX: mammals, birds

Memory Pictograph

cold frontDefinition

• Occurs when cold air mass moves warm air mass upward

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Brings cold and unstable

weather• Can be fast or slow• Can form dangerous clouds

quickly and lead to severe weather

• EX: cumulonimbus clouds (tallest and possible tornado producers)

• NONEX: warm front – rain likely and less severe

Memory Pictograph

communityDefinition

• Group of different populations living in the same place

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Groups of organisms affect

each other in the community

• Creates a unique area• EX: forest community, pond

community, meadow community, coral reef community

• NONEX: population refers to just one species in a community

Memory Pictograph

competitionDefinition

• Interaction between 2 organisms over basic resources such as food, water, shelter, mates

Facts/Examples/NonExample• The more adaptations an

organisms has to its environment, the less it needs to compete

• Some animals change their habits to have less competition

• EX: invasive species outcompeting native species, deer feeding at different times or on different plants

• NONEX: mutualism

Memory Pictograph

compoundDefinition

• Pure substance made up of 2 or more different elements that are bonded together

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Have chemical and physical

properties not like the original elements

• Always has a chemical formula• EX: salt (NaCl), water (H2O),

carbon dioxide (CO2)• NONEX: elements are made of

just one type of atom, mixtures are made of different materials next to each other BUT NOT BONDED TOGETHER

Memory Pictograph

conclusionDefinition

• Explains whether the hypothesis of an experiment was supported by the results of the experiment

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Summary that re-checks the

hypothesis• Part of the scientific method• Examines the data and

results of an experiment• EX: see memory pictograph• NONEX: hypothesis has to

be tested/ conclusion states whether hypothesis is supported by the results of the experiment

Memory Pictograph

condensationDefinition

• Physical change in matter from a gas to a liquid state

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Caused by cooling of the

temperature of the gas• Second step in the water

cycle• Physical change• EX: cold glass on a hot

humid day forms condensation, fog, clouds, dew

• NONEX: evaporation is the opposite of condensation

Memory Pictographs

conductorDefinition

• Material that allows heat and electricity to pass through

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Molecules either vibrate

(heat) or pass along electrons (electricity)

• Metals are the best conductors

• Nonmetals are usually insulators, not conductors

• EX: copper, aluminum, iron, steel

• NONEX: rubber, plastic, wood

Memory Pictograph

consumerDefinition

• Organism that cannot make its own food and must get food by consuming other organisms

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Needs to obtain energy by

eating other organisms• Can eat producers (plants)

or other consumers• EX: humans, herbivores,

carnivores, omnivores• NONEX: producers make

their own food through photosysthesis

Memory Pictograph

controlDefinition

• Part of an experiment that is kept the same so it can be used as a comparison to the other data

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Helps check results of

experiment• Makes experiments more

accurate• EX: experiment comparing

fertilizers, one trial has NO fertilizer

• NONEX: constants in an experiment keep all conditions similar, control leaves out the manipulated variable (independent variable)

Memory Pictograph

cytoplasmDefinition

• Thick fluid contained in the cell membrane of all cells

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Helps hold or contain the

insides of a cell• Cell jelly/ gel• Allows materials to move

about inside cell• Mostly water• EX: found in all types of cells• NONEX: cell organelles are

supported by cytoplasm

Memory Pictograph

data (datum)Definition

• Information gathered and organized during an experiment

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Graphs and charts• Shows observations and

evidence• Good data comes form fair

experiments and good variables

• EX: Data chart for experiment in class

• NONEX: conclusions and analysis occur after collecting data

Memory Pictograph

decomposerDefinition

• Organism that obtains food by breaking down dead organisms

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Uses dead organisms as

nutrients• Critical for healthy ecosystem• Helps rid nature of dead

organisms• Types of consumer• EX: bacteria, fungus• NONEX: scavengers arrive

before too much decomposition takes place

Memory Pictograph

densityDefinition

• Ratio of mass to volumeFacts/Examples/NonExample• Density = mass / volume• Depends on how• How tightly packed are the

molecules in a given amount of space?

• Feathers ----low density• Gold ---------high density• Water has a density of 1• > 1 sink in water• < 1 float in water

Memory Pictograph

digestive systemDefinition

• Organ system that breaks down food into a form that the body can absorb/ use

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Uses both physical and

chemical changes in the process

• Broken down materials move from the small intestine into the blood stream

• Circulatory system moves food and nutrients through the blood to the cells

Memory Pictograph

direct raysDefinition

• Sunlight that reaches the Earth with more intensity

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Strikes at a direct angle and

more energy is hitting the surface

• Always occurring near the equator

• Summer has more direct rays than winter

• EX: tropical rain forests receive direct rays all year

• NONEX: polar areas never receive direct rays

Memory Pictograph

dominant traitsDefinition

• Inherited traits that show up more often in a population

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Traits that occur with greater

frequency• Research of Gregor Mendel

and pea plants• Geneticists study dominant

and recessive traits• EX: brown hair, brown eyes,

widow’s peak, etc…• NONEX: blue eyes, red hair

are recessive traits for the general population

Memory Pictograph

echoDefinition

• Sound waves bouncing back from hitting a hard surface

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Sound energy is a

mechanical wave that can be absorbed or reflected by the objects it hits

• Used by bats and dolphins to locate prey or predators

• EX: cave, gym, shower, empty room

• NONEX: room covered with carpeting on floors and walls

Memory Pictograph

echolocationDefinition

• Method of navigation in which sound waves are bounced off objects to determine distance and location

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Used by bats and dolphins

and other animals• Helps locate prey• Humans borrowed idea for

radar and sonar• EX: sonar bounces sound

waves at sea• NONEX: radar bounces EM

waves not sound waves

Memory Pictograph

ecosystemDefinition

• All the living and nonliving things in a community

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Make up a special location

where organisms and resources interact

• Air, water, soil, are non-living but still important to ecosystem working properly

• EX: forest ecosystem, pond ecosystem, estuary ecosystem

• NONEX: a single population of one organisms

Memory Pictograph

egg cell (ovary)Definition

• Cell produced by the female reproductive system – must combine with sperm cell to become fertilized

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Organisms that reproduce

through sexual reproduction must begin as an egg cell

• Can grow into seeds or infants• Must be fertilized in order to

grow• EX: chicken egg cell – very

large cell• NONEX: organisms that

reproduce asexually do not require egg cells to reproduce

Memory Pictograph

electromagnetDefinition

• Powerful magnet produced by coiling wire around iron and running electricity through

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Attracts certain metals only

– iron, steel, nickel• Moving electrons make the

magnet more powerful• EX: lifts up scrap cars and

even small electromagnets can lift heavier weights

• NONEX: regular magnets with no added wires and electricity

Memory Pictograph

elementDefinition

• A pure substance that consists of only one type of atom with unique properties

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Found on periodic table• Cannot be broken down further• Atomic number is determined by

number of protons in the nucleus• Neutrons are also in the nucleus• Electrons move in different

energy shells around the nucleus• EX: each of the types of atoms

listed on Periodic Table• NONEX: compounds, mixtures

Memory Pictograph

elevationDefinition

• Height above sea levelFacts/Examples/NonExample• Can be above or below sea

level• Topographic maps show

elevation • EX: Detroit area is about

600 feet above sea level, so its elevation is 600 feet

• NONEX: latitude or longitude show location on the globe, but not elevation above sea level

Memory Pictograph

embryoDefinition

• Very early stage in the development of an organism

Facts/Examples/NonExample• An embryo will develop form a

fertilized egg• Stages of the embryo are related

to stages of evolution (looks different at different stages)

• Will develop into a baby organism

• EX: human embryo, chicken embryo

• NONEX: does not occur in asexual reproduction, requires egg and sperm cells

Memory Pictograph

erosionDefinition

• Process in which soil and rock particles are carried away by wind, moving water or gravity

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Natural force that causes

rocks to lose particles• Changes the appearance of

rocks• EX: Sphinx and tombstones

affected by wind and acid rain• NONEX: deposition is the

opposite action and sediments build up in areas where wind or water oor ice slow down

Memory Pictograph

evaporationDefinition

• Physical change of state (phase change) from a liquid to a gas state

Facts/Examples/NonExample• 1st step in the water cycle• Sun’s energy is what causes

molecules of water to move faster and evaporate

• Other liquids also evaporate when energy is added (heat)

• EX: water, alcohol, gasoline all evaporate into the air

• EX: boiling water is rapid evaporation

• NONEX: condensation is the opposite of evaporation

Memory Pictograph

evidenceDefinition

• Any tested observation or experimental data that supports a hypothesis

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Data must support the

hypothesis in order to be evidence that the hypothesis is correct

• Allows scientists to know whether they are on the right track or need to “go back to the drawing board”

• EX: gas and bubbles in an experiment show a chemical change

• NONEX: guessing with no facts supporting the guess

Memory Pictograph

evolutionDefinition

• Scientific Theory that explains changes in organisms over long periods of time

Facts/Examples/NonExample• Successful adaptations increase

the chances of surviving and reproducing

• Poor adaptations make it more difficult for an organisms to survive and reproduce

• EX: fast running animals escape predators and survive

• NONEX: giraffes didn’t grow longer necks in one generation…but the taller giraffes survived better and reproduced offspring like themselves

Memory Pictograph

8th Grade Science Vocabulary Terms (140 terms for Frayer Model)

1. absorb2. acquired traits3. adaptations4. atmosphere5. atoms6. balance of nature7. balance scale8. benefit9. cell wall10. cells11. characteristics12. chemical change13. chemical weathering14. chlorophyll15. chromosome16. climax community17. closed circuit18. cold blooded19. cold front20. community21. competition22. compound23. conclusion24. condensation25. conductor26. consumer27. control28. cytoplasm29. data (datum)

30. decomposer31. density32. digestive system33. direct rays34. dominant traits35. echo36. echolocation37. ecosystem38. egg cell (ovary)39. electromagnet40. element41. elevation42. embryo43. erosion44. evaporation45. evidence46. evolution47. extinct48. fertilization49. flower50. food chain51. food web52. force53. fossil54. fulcrum55. galaxy56. gas57. gene58. germinate59. gravity

60. heredity61. humidity62. hypothesis63. igneous rock64. inclined plane65. incomplete circuit66. inference67. inherited traits68. investigation69. landfill70. lava71. lever72. liquids73. lunar phases74. magma75. mass76. mechanical weathering77. metamorphic rocks78. meter79. microscope80. mineral81. mixture82. molecules83. non-conductor

(insulator)84. non-native species

(exotic)85. observation86. opaque87. organ

88. ozone89. parasite90. photosynthesis91. physical change92. pioneer species93. pollen94. pollutant95. population96. precipitation97. predation98. procedure99. producer100. pulley101. purpose102. reaction force103. recessive trait104. reflect105. refract106. revolve107. rock cycle108. rotate109. runoff110. sedimentary rock111. simple machine112. single-celled organism113. solar eclipse114. solid115. sonar116. sound waves117. speed

118. sublimation119. succession120. surface mining121. symbiosis122. temperature123. thermal contraction124. thermal expansion125. thermometer126. translucent127. transparent128. unbalanced forces129. urban development130. vacuum131. vertebrate132. volume133. warm blooded134. warm front135. water cycle136. weather137. weight138. wetland139. wheel and axle140. zygote