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OBJECTIVE
□ SWBAT: Describe the parts of an atom and explain why chemistry is important in understanding biology
1. Imagine your body was chopped up into many pieces and put into a blender to separate all the elements. (WEIRD!) Guess which 4 elements you would find the most of?
? ?
??
CATALYST
CATALYST Use the graph below to answer the following questions
a. Which 4 elements are the most common in the human body?
b. Which 2 elements compose a little over 25% of the body?
c. Why do you think there is a lot of oxygen and hydrogen in the human body?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), & Nitrogen (N)
make up over 96% of the mass of a human body!!!
PIE CHART
• What are living things made up of?
• What are cells made up of?
• What are cell parts made up of?
• What are chemicals made up of?
EVERYTHING… whether it is a rock, frog, flower, or the air – is
made of substances called elements.
Elements
Guess how many elements have been discovered?
117(a few are manmade)
Everything (all living and nonliving things) are made of elements.
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances.
What are elements made of?
Atoms
Protons (p+)
Neutrons (n0)
Electrons (e-)
Parts of an Atom
More Notes!
--make up elements--basic building blocks of all matter
Atoms
SUBATOMIC PARTICLE
CHARGE LOCATION IN THE ATOM
PROTON POSITIVE In the NUCLEUS
NEUTRON No CHARGE In the NUCLEUS
ELECTRON NEGATIVE In the energy levels
Insert into Cornell Notes:
• Parts of an atom Nucleus and
surrounding space
What is the nucleus made of?
Positively charged protons (+)And neutrons with no charge
What makes an element an element?
The number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic number:
Mass number:
the number of protons in the nucleus
the total number of particles in the nucleus
(protons + neutrons)
Hydrogen
1
H1.008
The Periodic Table: A Key to the Elements
Element
Atomic #
Symbol
Atomic Mass
State of Matter
P
P + N
1. The ______________ _____________ shows all known elements in the universe.
2. All elements are made of __________________.
3. _______________ are the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties.
4. Atoms are made of tiny subatomic particles called ______________, _______________, and
_______________.
5. Protons and neutrons are in the _____________ of an atom.
Periodic Table
Atoms
Atoms
Protons NeutronsElectrons
Nucleus
6. Protons have a ________________ electrical charge.
7. Neutrons have a ________________ electrical charge.
8. Electrons have a ________________ charge that attracts them to protons.
9. Atoms on the periodic table are organized by________________, which is really the number of ______________
10. Different types of atoms can bond together to make ________________.
11. Water is 2 atoms of ______________and 1 atom of ____________.
positive
neutral
negative
atomic numberprotons
molecules
HydrogenOxygen
Atomic number:
Mass number or Atomic Mass:
the number of protons in the nucleus
the total number of particles in the nucleus
(protons + neutrons)
Hydrogen
1
H1.008
RECALL The Periodic Table: A Key to the Elements
Element
Atomic #
Symbol
Atomic Mass or Mass Number
State of Matter
P
P + N
Sulfur
16
S
32.06
Use the information about Sulfur from the periodic table to answer the following questions:
a. What is the atomic number?
b. What is the Chemical Symbol
c. How many electrons does Sulfur have?
d. What is the atomic mass?
e. How many neutrons does Sulfur have?
16
S
16
32.0616
16
P + N = Atomic Mass