Inside Earth: Earth’s Interior

Content Objectives: SWBAT explain how geologists

determined Earth’s inner structures.

SWBAT explain the characteristics of Earth’s crust,

mantle, and core.

Language Objectives: SW will discuss the evidence geologists use to determine

Earth’s inner structures.

SW draw and label a diagram of Earth’s crust, mantle, and core.

How do scientists know what the inside of the

Earth looks like?

Key Concept: Geologists have used two main types of evidence to learn about

Earth’s interior: direct evidence from rock samples and indirect evidence from

seismic waves.

•Seismic waves: waves made by earthquakes.

Layers of the Earth Rap

Watch the video and write down the layers of

the Earth and 5 additional facts.

Layers of the Earth Rap

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q9j1xGaxYzY

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hHteUIS0OFY

What are the layers of the Earth?

What are they made of and how thick are they?How do they behave?

Exit Card8 January 2014•3 main layers of the

Earth

•2 types of crust

•1 method geologists used to determine the composition of the interior of Earth.

A Journey to the Center of Earth

•Key Concept: Three main layers of Earth are the crust, the mantle, and the core. These layers vary greatly in size, composition, temperature, and pressure.

A Journey to the Center of Earth

•Temperature increases as you go to the center of the Earth.

•Pressure increases as you go to the center of the Earth.

•Pressure: a force pressing on an area

The Core

•Key Concept: The core is made mostly of the metals iron and nickel. It consists of two parts – a liquid outer core and a solid inner core.

The Core•Core has two layers – outer core

and inner core.

•Outer core– made of liquid metal. It flows in currents. These currents make Earth act like a magnet.

• Inner core – made of solid metals.

The Core

•Outer core: a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core.

•Inner core: a dense ball of solid metal

The Mantle•Key Concept: Earth’s mantle is

made up of rock that is very hot, but solid. Scientists divide the mantle into layers based on the physical characteristics of those layers. Overall, the mantle is nearly 3000 km thick.

MANTLE•Def.: Layer of the Earth

between the crust and core

•Sent.: Lithosphere is made up of the crust and the top layer of the mantle.

•Sp.: manto

•Explain to your neighbor where the mantle of the Earth is located.

The Mantle•Mantle is the thickest layer, just below the

crust. Has 3 layers.

•Lithosphere – the crust and the top layer of the mantle. Make of solid rock. Averages 100 km thick.

•Asthenosphere – the middle layer of the mantle. Made of pliable rock.

•Mesosphere: Lower mantle – solid rock.

The Mantle

•Mantle: is the layer below the crust

•Lithosphere: top layer of the mantle and the crust

•Asthenosphere: middle layer of the mantle

The Crust

•Key Concept: The crust is a layer of solid rock that includes both dry land and the ocean floor.

The Crust•Thinnest layer – 5 to 70 km thick

•Oceanic crust – makes up ocean floors and made mostly of basalt

•Continental crust – makes up the continents and made mostly of granite, thicker than oceanic crust

The Crust

•Crust: a layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin.

•Basalt: a dark rock with a fine texture

•Granite: a light color rock with a coarse texture