Upload
noah-nash
View
212
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Objective: How can we describe the basic characteristics of plants?
Do Now: Name all the plants you saw today
List The 5 Characteristics of Plants
1. They perform photosynthesis to make GLUCOSE.
2. Can NOT move from place to place.3. They have CELL WALLS for
support.4. They are MULTICELLULAR and
have SPECIALIZED tissues.5. Must have LIGHT, CO2, H2O, O2, and
minerals.
What is VASCULAR TISSUE??- tube-like cells that transport food & water through a plant.How does vascular tissue help a
plant?- allows plants to be large organisms since it enables them to transport important nutrients from one part of a plant to another.
What are the 2 kinds of vascular tissue?
1. XYLEM – carries H2o from roots (zylum) to leaves.
2. PHLOEM – FOOD from leaves to (flowum) roots and vice
versa.
What are the 2 kinds of plants?
1. Vascular = TRACHEOPHYTES plants that have roots, stems and leaves. Ex: trees, flowers, grasses, ferns
2. Non-vascular = BRYOPHYTESplants WITH NO roots, stems, or leaves.Ex: mosses, liverworts, hornworts
Objective: How can we describe Roots, Stems, and Leaves?
Do Now: Describe some characteristics of Plants.
What is a ROOT??• organs of vascular plants
(usually below ground).What are the FUNCTIONS of a root?• Anchor a plant to the ground• Collect water & minerals from
the soil• Store food, vitamins, minerals
What are the 2 KINDS OF ROOTS?
TAP ROOT • large slender root used to
store food• Ex: carrot, radish, dandelionFIBROUS ROOT • long branching roots.• Ex: trees, grass
ROOT TIP DIAGRAM:
• ROOT HAIR – absorbs H2O• CORTEX – stores food• EPIDERMIS – protective layer• ROOT CAP – protects root tip• PHLOEM – carries food • XYLEM – carries H2O up to leaves• GROWTH REGION – dividing
cells, area of growth.
Cross Section of a root
What is a STEM?• organ which connects roots & leaves.
FUNCTIONS:• supports leaves for light• Stores food• Contain vascular tissue to transport food & water.
What are the TYPES OF STEMS?HERBACEOUS - soft, green, flexible- live 1-2 years- can do photosynthesisex: grass, tulips, weeds
WOODY- hard, brown, rigid- live many years- cannot do photosynthesisex: shrubs, trees
What are the rings in a tree trunk?• layers of old
xylem cells.• New xylem is
formed every year by the CAMBIUM
• **Rings do not form in herbaceous stems.
What is a LEAF?
• plant organ that produces food (glucose) by photosynthesis.
LEAF DIAGRAM:• CUTICLE – waxy layer, prevents H2O loss• EPIDERMIS –clear, protective layer of cells• PALLISADE LAYER- most photosynthesis occurs
here; cells w/lots of chloroplasts• SPONGY LAYER-little photosynthesis here• VEIN – vascular tissue (xylem & phloem)• STOMATE – pore for gas exchange• GUARD CELLS – open & close stomates
How do plants make their own food?
- by the process of photosynthesis
- They use CHLOROPHYLL (green pigment) to trap light energy and store the energy in glucose.
Formula for photosynthesisCO2 + H2O + sunlight + chlorophyll
C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O
How does the plant get the reactants?
CO2 – enters leaf thru stomatesH2O – roots absorb it & xylem
carries it to leafLIGHT – from the sunENZYMES & CHLOROPHYLL are made by the cells in the leaf.
What does the plant do with the products?
GLUCOSE – broken down for energy by mitochondria during respiration
OXYGEN + WATER are excreted through the stomates.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis & respiration?
THEY ARE OPPOSITES! Respiration releases energy whilePhotosynthesis stores energyHow are the reactants different? respiration – glucose & O2
photosynthesis – energy, CO2, H2O
How are the products different?Resp. – energy, CO2, H2OPS. - glucose & O2
Where do they occur in the cell?Respiration occurs in the
mitochondria of ALL cells.PS occurs in the chloroplasts of
SOME leaf cells.Resp. = C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy
PS = CO2 + H2O + light C6H12O6 + O2