Nyambe Harsen NyambeNyambe Harsen Nyambe

SADC SECRETARIATSADC SECRETARIATFood, Agriculture & Natural ResourcesFood, Agriculture & Natural Resources

Private Bag 0095, GaboronePrivate Bag 0095, Gaborone

BotswanaBotswana AMCEN:AMCEN:May 25 – 29, 2009, Nairobi, KenyaMay 25 – 29, 2009, Nairobi, Kenya

SADC TREATYSADC TREATYARTICLE 5: OBJECTIVES are to:ARTICLE 5: OBJECTIVES are to:

Achieve development and economic growth, Achieve development and economic growth, alleviate poverty, enhance the standard and alleviate poverty, enhance the standard and quality of life of the people of Southern Africaquality of life of the people of Southern Africa;;

Promote Promote self-sustaining developmentself-sustaining development on the on the basis of collective self-reliance, and the basis of collective self-reliance, and the interdependence of Member States;interdependence of Member States;

Achieve Achieve sustainable utilisationsustainable utilisation of natural of natural resources and resources and effective protectioneffective protection of the of the environment;environment;

Protocol on ForestryProtocol on Forestry

Promote the development, conservation, Promote the development, conservation, sustainable management and utilisation sustainable management and utilisation of of all types of forests and trees - NLBIall types of forests and trees - NLBI;;

Achieve effective protection of the Achieve effective protection of the environment, and environment, and safeguard the interests safeguard the interests of both the present and future of both the present and future generationsgenerations;;

Protocol on ForestryProtocol on Forestry

State parties to assist and support each State parties to assist and support each other to address other to address issues of common issues of common concernconcern including including deforestation, genetic deforestation, genetic erosion, climate change, forest fires, erosion, climate change, forest fires, pests, diseases, invasive alien species, pests, diseases, invasive alien species, and law enforcementand law enforcement in a manner that in a manner that makes the best use of the technical, makes the best use of the technical, financial and other resources in the financial and other resources in the Region;Region;

Dar-es-Salaam Declaration Dar-es-Salaam Declaration on Agriculture and Food on Agriculture and Food SecuritySecurity

Promote conservation, management and Promote conservation, management and sustainable utilisation of plants and sustainable utilisation of plants and animals, including fisheries, forest and animals, including fisheries, forest and wildlife.wildlife.

Regional Indicative Regional Indicative Strategic Development Plan Strategic Development Plan of SADCof SADC

Ensuring a coordinated regional positions in Ensuring a coordinated regional positions in the negotiations and implementation of MEAs; the negotiations and implementation of MEAs; and other agreements.and other agreements.

To ensure maximum benefit for SADC Member To ensure maximum benefit for SADC Member States in all MEAs; and coordination of the States in all MEAs; and coordination of the development and implementation of national development and implementation of national and sub-regional action programmes and and sub-regional action programmes and resource mobilizationresource mobilization

SADC Policy DecisionsSADC Policy Decisions SADC Extra-Ordinary Summit on Poverty SADC Extra-Ordinary Summit on Poverty

and Development, held in Mauritius in and Development, held in Mauritius in April 2008 recognised the urgent need for April 2008 recognised the urgent need for the region to address climate change, the region to address climate change, particularly adaptation in order to safe particularly adaptation in order to safe guard livelihoods.guard livelihoods.

Setting the SceneSetting the Scene

Established a Task Force to spearhead Established a Task Force to spearhead development of a programme on climate development of a programme on climate change; change;

Identified the need to assess the impacts of Identified the need to assess the impacts of carbon trading on the region & mobilised carbon trading on the region & mobilised resources;resources;

Joined forces with COMESA and EAC in Joined forces with COMESA and EAC in developing a programme on Bio-carbon.developing a programme on Bio-carbon.

Identified need for training negotiators and Identified need for training negotiators and mobilised support.mobilised support.

Decided to hold a regional workshop on Forest Decided to hold a regional workshop on Forest and Climate Change, May 12 – 15, 2009.and Climate Change, May 12 – 15, 2009.

Workshop OutcomeWorkshop Outcome

Importance of ForestImportance of Forest ObservationsObservations ConcernConcern ConsiderationConsideration Recommendations to AMCENRecommendations to AMCEN Appeal for SADCAppeal for SADC

Importance of ForestImportance of Forest

Cost effective carbon sink.Cost effective carbon sink. Livelihood anchor esp. for vulnerable Livelihood anchor esp. for vulnerable

ones.ones. Linked to the 3 Rio conventions -Linked to the 3 Rio conventions -

biodiversity conservation and combating biodiversity conservation and combating desertification.desertification.

ObservationsObservations

SADC contributed less to climate change SADC contributed less to climate change but has to bear the burden and incur but has to bear the burden and incur opportunity cost;opportunity cost;

Poverty levels are high;Poverty levels are high; Heavy dependence on natural resources;Heavy dependence on natural resources; Reliance on rain fed agriculture;Reliance on rain fed agriculture; High vulnerabilityHigh vulnerability esp. related to drought. esp. related to drought.

ObservationsObservations

SADC has generally not benefitted as SADC has generally not benefitted as expected from CDM and other climate change expected from CDM and other climate change funding mechanisms;funding mechanisms;

Limited capacity to adapt to climate change;Limited capacity to adapt to climate change; Lack of incentives for conservation of forest Lack of incentives for conservation of forest

and biodiversity – avoided deforestation;and biodiversity – avoided deforestation; No provision for transboundary conservation No provision for transboundary conservation

efforts such as transfrontier conservation areas efforts such as transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs);(TFCAs);

REDD seem not to accommodate all types of REDD seem not to accommodate all types of forests;forests;

Limited knowledge of carbon stocks.Limited knowledge of carbon stocks.

ConcernConcern

Carbon markets if not handled well may not Carbon markets if not handled well may not address climate change.address climate change.

Absence of incentives for conservation will not Absence of incentives for conservation will not result in increased emissions from reduce result in increased emissions from reduce emissions from deforestation and forest emissions from deforestation and forest degradation.degradation.

Without recognition of sequestration of carbon Without recognition of sequestration of carbon by soils in SADC, will not provide sufficient by soils in SADC, will not provide sufficient incentives for low forest countries not to disturb incentives for low forest countries not to disturb the land.the land.

ConsiderationConsideration

Committed to adopt technologies and systems that Committed to adopt technologies and systems that reduce all kinds of emissions – despite low reduce all kinds of emissions – despite low contribution;contribution;

The priority REDD should not just be for reducing The priority REDD should not just be for reducing emissions but as an opportunity to enhance national emissions but as an opportunity to enhance national development – conservation of biodiversity;development – conservation of biodiversity;

Predictable, sustainable and additional financial Predictable, sustainable and additional financial commitments from Annex I countries – condition;commitments from Annex I countries – condition;

The concerns and priorities of local communities and The concerns and priorities of local communities and forest dependent communities must be taken into forest dependent communities must be taken into consideration in REDD.consideration in REDD.

RecommendationsRecommendations

REDD should cover all types of forests and REDD should cover all types of forests and Sustainable Forest Management (“REDD plus”). Sustainable Forest Management (“REDD plus”).

Given the natural potentials for carbon sequestration Given the natural potentials for carbon sequestration and storage in biomass and soils, SADC favors a and storage in biomass and soils, SADC favors a broad approach. broad approach.

SADC also advocates for the fact that the rules of SADC also advocates for the fact that the rules of accounting for Annex I countries under Land Use and accounting for Annex I countries under Land Use and Land use change and forests (LULUCF) should be the Land use change and forests (LULUCF) should be the same as for non-Annex I.same as for non-Annex I.

Recommendations Recommendations (cont)(cont)

SADC argues that instead of being reduced to SADC argues that instead of being reduced to so called “co-benefits” of the future Post 2012- so called “co-benefits” of the future Post 2012- agreement, agreement, poverty reduction, community poverty reduction, community benefits, conservation of biodiversity and benefits, conservation of biodiversity and sustainable developmentsustainable development are core principles to are core principles to any successful climate mitigation and any successful climate mitigation and adaptation strategy. adaptation strategy.

REDD mechanism should provide access to REDD mechanism should provide access to adequate, predictable and sustainable financial adequate, predictable and sustainable financial resources and technical support, including full resources and technical support, including full access to global carbon markets.access to global carbon markets.

Recommendations Recommendations (cont)(cont)

Readiness for REDD requires substantial resources for Readiness for REDD requires substantial resources for capacity development, methodology development, data capacity development, methodology development, data management and strengthening of forest administrations.management and strengthening of forest administrations.

Markets alone will not be able to generate – and adequately Markets alone will not be able to generate – and adequately assign the resources. Therefore the commitment of assign the resources. Therefore the commitment of additional resources from Annex I countries will be crucial additional resources from Annex I countries will be crucial for REDD to work properly. These funds should be seen as for REDD to work properly. These funds should be seen as contributions to development e.g. offering alternative contributions to development e.g. offering alternative livelihoods, above and beyond climate change livelihoods, above and beyond climate change commitments. commitments.

These funding commitments should be made available as a These funding commitments should be made available as a facilitation measure for SADC countries to prepare facilitation measure for SADC countries to prepare themselves for an eventual engagement in carbon trading.themselves for an eventual engagement in carbon trading.

Recommendations Recommendations (cont)(cont)

Annex-1 countries should commit Annex-1 countries should commit resources for technological transfer that resources for technological transfer that will support innovative sustainable will support innovative sustainable energy solutions, including solar, wind energy solutions, including solar, wind and micro hydro schemes, as the bulk of and micro hydro schemes, as the bulk of the emissions from SADC and the rest of the emissions from SADC and the rest of Africa are generated from the burning of Africa are generated from the burning of biomass for energy and activities related biomass for energy and activities related to land preparation. to land preparation.

Appeal for SADCAppeal for SADC

Support for data collection on forest Support for data collection on forest resources.resources.

Capacity building for REDD and climate Capacity building for REDD and climate Change in general.Change in general.

Thank youThank you

MerciMerci