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NY5 Access NY5 Access Management PlanManagement Plan
Adapted with permission from: Prepared by:
1
Presentation OutlineAccess Management Overview
What is Access Management?
Elements and Goals
Access Management Techniques
Benefits of Access Management
Land Use and Access Management
Access Management for NY5
Access Management ImplementationLocal Governments and NYSDOT
Business Owners
Access Management Education
Opportunity Site Recommendations
2
Goals of PresentationDescribe the basics of access management
Explain the importance and benefits of access management
Illustrate NY5 Corridor recommendations
Describe how access management is implemented
Address concerns and questions
Provide additional resources to find out more about access management
3
Access Access Management Management OverviewOverview
What is Access Management?
Elements of Access Management
Goals of Access Management
10 Principles of Access Management
Examples of Access Management
What is Access Management?
Systematic control of:
• Location
• Spacing
• Design
• Operation
Interchanges
Street Connections
Medians
Driveways
5
The Elements of Access Management
Rear ParkingAlignedDriveways
Side StreetAccess
Interconnectivity
SharedDriveways
IntersectionSpacing
LandscapedMedian
PreserveFunctional Area
6
The Elements of Access Management
DrivewayThroat Length
PedestrianConnections
SeparateTurning Traffic
7
Align Driveways
8
Align Driveways
9
Rear Parking
10
Rear Parking
11
Shared Driveways
12
Shared Driveways
13
Cross Access Connections
14
Cross Access Connections
15
Access Easements
16
Interconnected Roadways
Poor Connectivity Good Connectivity
A supporting roadway network with good connectivity reduces the number of mainline
driveways and provides alternative travel routes and a more balanced transportation system for all
roadway users.17
Separate Turning Traffic
Left Turn Lane Two-way Left-turn Lane
Two good alternatives
18
Driveway Throat Length
Avoid Preferred
Longer driveway throat lengths reduce confusion, separate parking maneuvers from traffic entering
and exiting the site, and provide space for vehicles to queue on-site without disrupting mainline or on-
site traffic.19
Pedestrian Connections
20
Pedestrian Connections
21
Goals of Access ManagementImprove safety for all road usersProvide:
Safe and efficient access to adjacent propertiesMobility for through traffic
Preserve roadway capacity and ability to accommodate economic developmentCreate more attractive roadwaysSupport smart growth land development
Interconnected street systemAccess for pedestrians and cyclistsAccess to transit
22
10 National Access Management Principles
1. Provide a specialized roadway system.2. Limit direct access to major roadways.3. Promote intersection hierarchy.4. Locate signals to favor through movements.5. Preserve the functional area of intersections and
interchanges.6. Limit the number of conflict points.7. Separate conflict areas.8. Remove turning vehicles from through traffic lanes.9. Use non-traversable medians to manage left turn
movements.10. Provide a supporting street and circulatory system.
23
Access Management Techniques & Examples
Shared Driveways
Align Driveways
Pedestrian Connections
Rear Parking
Access Easements
Cross Access Connections
Separate Turning Traffic
Driveway Throat Length
Interconnected Roadways
24
Benefits ofBenefits ofAccess Access ManagementManagement
Communities and Residents
Roadway Users
Business Owners
Community Building
Avoid Preferred
“Network is framework for new communities, and for turning sprawl to community”
Source: Smart Transportation Guidebook, NJDOT & PENNDOT, March 2008
26
Local Residents
“Networks favor local travel more than through travel”
Source: Smart Transportation Guidebook, NJDOT & PENNDOT, March 2008
27
Case Study – Two NC Neighborhoods
Case Study
Comparable total trips overall (+ 10 Percent)
Comparable time spent traveling
Fewer miles traveled
13 percent fewer auto trips
More than 2 times as many walking trips
24 percent fewer external trips
Land use can affect transportation
Source: Travel Behavior in Neo-Traditional Neighborhood Developments: A case study in USA, Carolina Transportation Program, Department of City and Regional Planning, UNC
Safer Roads
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
ContinuousTwo-way Left
Turn Lane
Nontravers ableM edian
Rais ed LeftTurn B ay at
Uns ignaliz edInt.
Right Turn B ay V is ual Cue atDriveway(Reduc edClutter)
Cras h Reduc tion
The number of crashes is reduced with various median and intersection treatments.
Data: Access Management Manual, TRB, 2003
30
Reduced Congestion
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Long SignalSpacing with
Limited Access
Two-way LeftTurn Lane
Nontraversablemedian
Decrease in Delay
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Long SignalSpacing with
Limited Access
Two-way Left TurnLane
Left Turn Bay
Increase in Capacity
Delays decrease and capacity increases with different median and intersection treatments
Data: Access Management Manual, TRB, 2003
31
Efficiency
Avoid Preferred
“Dense networks outperform the same number of lanes in few, large roads”
Source: Smart Transportation Guidebook, NJDOT & PENNDOT, March 2008
32
Mobility
“Network preserves, leverages investment in major roads”
Source: Smart Transportation Guidebook, NJDOT & PENNDOT, March 2008
33
Shorter Travel Times
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
% In
crea
se in
Del
ay
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Signals per Mile
Percentage Increase in Travel Times as Signalized Density Increases
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Spee
d (m
ph)
0 10 20 30 40
Access Points per Mile
Access Points and Free Flow Speed
Data: Access Management Manual, TRB, 2003
34
Benefits for BusinessesIncreased market area due to decreased congestion and reduced travel timesSafer and easier for customers to enter and exit the businessProperly designed entrances shared by multiple businesses allow:
more site area for parking and the opportunity for shared parking more customer options to access businessesimproved landscaping or other site amenities
Less disruptive alternative than taking land from business for more lanes
35
Impact on Property Values
Source: Safe Access is Good for Business; US DOT, FHWA, August 2006, FHWA-HOP-06-107 EDL 14294
36
Impact on Sales and Business Activity
Source: Safe Access is Good for Business; US DOT, FHWA, August 2006, FHWA-HOP-06-107 EDL 14294
37
Overall Benefits of Access ManagementReduce congestion
Improve safety
Shorten travel times
Positive economic benefits
Increase connectivity for local residents
More attractive roadways
Preserve road capacity
Safer for pedestrians and bicyclists
Improve access to transit
Source: “Benefits of Access Management”; USDOT, FHWA
38
Land Use and Land Use and Access Access ManagementManagement
Rural
Transitional Area
Suburban/Urban Area
Rural Areas (NY 197)
Zoning Options
Traditional Zoning Cluster Zoning
Cluster zoning maximizes open space and minimizes curb-cuts
40
Transitional Area (Quaker Road)
Avoid
• 7 access points• no parcel connections• minimal side street access• minimal landscaping
41
Transitional Area (Quaker Road)
Preferred
• 3 access points• full parcel connections• 2 side street connections• landscaping
42
Suburban/Urban Area (Dix Ave)
Avoid Preferred
Define parking areas; add bike lane, curbing, street trees, sidewalk and clearly define pedestrian
crossing areas; shared access with interconnected parking and signage at edge.
43
Implementation Phasing – Existing ConditionsNo access management treatments
44
Phase 1Shorten and consolidate curb cuts, new curbing, painted center median, improved sidewalks, new grass maintenance strip and street trees
45
Phase 2Additional pedestrian amenities including trash cans, lighting, and a bus shelter
46
Phase 3Landscaped median
47
Access Access Management for Management for NY5NY5
48
L-1 Brandywine Avenue Area
N B
rand
ywin
e A
ve
McC
lelle
nSt
Reb
erSt
New
Kar
nerR
d
L-6 Karner Road Area
Kar
ner R
d
L-7 Lanci Lane / Red Fox Drive
Lanc
iLn
Laph
amD
r
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 81 2 3
L-12 Babyland Area
Nol
an R
d
Nor
thw
ay M
all R
d
L-13 Colonie High School AreaC
olon
ieC
ente
r Rin
g R
d
Raider Blvd
Hac
kett
Ave
L-14 Osborne Road Area
Railroad Ave
Osb
orne
Rd
Access Access Management Management ImplementationImplementation
Local Government & NYSDOT
Access Management Checklist
Business Concerns
Costs of No Action
Implementation ToolsLocal Municipality
Rezone for location and densityPlan access prior to approvalsCreate and use an Official MapLot size and frontage requirementsDriveway spacing, location and designShared driveways and cross access connectionsClearance zones and larger setbacksSignal spacing and linkage requirementsRestrict flag lots and lot splitsReverse access / access roads
NYSDOTHighway Work PermitPurchase of access controlMedians
Access Management ChecklistUse to evaluate vehicular and pedestrian access during the site plan review process for all projectsAnswer all questions to ensure the project includes the necessary level of on-site access managementContinued use of the checklist on all project reviews will help prioritize access management in the local municipalitiesUse of the checklist will ensure implementation of the NY5 site specific recommendations
Implementation at the Local LevelDevelop a plan and an Official MapModify Zoning Ordinances
Adopt the sample retrofit access management zoning language throughout the NY5 corridor
Utilize the SEQRA processRequire implementation of access management from the beginning of the site plan review process
Cooperate & CommunicateEnsure integration/communication between state officials and local officials through use of the Access Management Checklist
EducateContinually educate elected officials and review boards about the importance of access managementEducate the public about access management
59
How Access Affects BusinessDirect access (individual driveway) is not the most important factor in business successLack of management expertise is the main reason for business failureMain factors in business success are
experience of managementhow well customers are servedquality of the product or service providedadequate financing and investmentwell-trained employeeslevel and nature of competitionkeeping costs competitive
Sources: Cited in “Safe Access is Good for Business”; USDOT, FHWA, August
2006. Original sources are (1) USA Today, Money, 5/6/2004; (2) Holland, R.,
Planning Against a Business Failure, ADC Info #24, University of Tennessee,
October 1998.
60
Activity and Property Values
Affect on Business ActivityActual negative impacts to business activity less than anticipated by owners
Most adverse impacts were due to construction, not access change
Affect on Property ValuesMost property owners surveyed following an access management project do not report any adverse effect of the project on property values.
Business Proprietors' Reported Sales Comparisons
Increased33%
Decreased5%
Same53%
Uncertain9%
Source: “Safe Access is Good for Business”; USDOT, FHWA, August 2006
61
Business Issues – Summary
Access management makes it easier and safer for customers, employees and trucks to reach your business.
Reduce uncertainty by clarifying requirements.
Proactive cooperation between businesses and local officials is more likely to result in a solution that better meets the needs of the business owner and the needs of the community.
62
Costs of No ActionExpensive road expansion projects needed to add capacityLeads to strip developmentMore accidentsUnhappy publicUnattractive corridorsDiscourages pedestrians and bicyclistsDoes not provide easy access to transit service
63
Access Access Management Management EducationEducation
Government Officials
Additional Resources
Government OfficialsContinued presentations from land use and transportation experts concerning access management as local representatives changeUse the NY5 Access Management Plan document and the Site Plan Review Access Management ChecklistReview other Access Management resources
Additional Resources
Websites:http://www.accessmanagement.gov
Transportation Research Board Manual:Access Management Manual, 2003
Access Management Guidebook:
AGFTC Access Management Guidebook
National Highway Institute Course:http://www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov
66
Access Management Performance Studies
ResourcesNational Study (NCHRP 420) of Raised Median vs. Undivided or Two-way Left Turn Lanes (TWLTL) – Economic Impacts and Shopping Patterns, 1999Kansas DOT – Economic Impacts of Access Management on BusinessesFlorida – Oakland Park Blvd. – Economic Impacts of Access Management on BusinessesMemorial Drive – Atlanta, Georgia – Raised Median vs. TWLTLMinnesota DOT – Intersection Spacing and Safety Shorter Travel TimesUS 101, Oregon – Raised Medians and Crash RatesFlorida DOT – Driveway Spacing and Travel SpeedsAtlanta, GA; Phoenix, AZ; and Los Angeles, CA – Pedestrian Safety with Raised Median vs. Undivided or TWLTLTexas – Signal Spacing with Turn Bays and Fuel Consumption
Access Management Manual, TRB, 2003
67
Overall Summary
Access Management Is Good for Everyone
Reduced congestion and travel timeSafer, more attractive roadwaysConsiders all modes of travelGenerally positive economic benefits
ImplementationUse plan and Official MapModify ZoningUtilize SEQRACooperateEducate
68
Contact
Anne BenwareSenior Transportation Planner
Capital District Transportation CommitteeOne Park Place
Albany, New York 12205518-458-2161
69
NY5 NY5 Opportunity Site Opportunity Site RecommendationsRecommendations
70
L-1 Brandywine Avenue Area
L-2 Route 7 Interchange Area
L-3 Lishakill Road Area
L-4 Reber Street to Route 155
L-5 Route 155 Queue Jump
L-6 Karner Road Area
L-7 Lanci Lane / Red Fox Drive
L-8 Goldstein Auto
L-9 Jupiter Lane / Locust Park
L-10 Exit 2 Northwest
L-11 Exit 2 Southwest
L-12 Babyland Area
L-13 Colonie High School Area
L-14 Osborne Road Area
L-15 Everett Road Area