Nutrition,Lipids

Omega – 3 Fats

• A double bond third from the non-acid end

• May serve to reduce your chances of getting heart disease.

• Found in fish oils– Like cod liver oil

• Also in flaxseed– For omega – 3 enriched eggs

Fats and Oils

• Saponification – spit off fatty acids• Hydrogenation – add hydrogens thus

decreasing # of double bonds– Changes some cis double bonds to trans

double bonds (unnatural)– Trans pack better than cis so are more solid– Trans fats raise bad cholesterol and lower

good cholesterol– Saturated fats probably better

Fat or Oil Foods

• Margarine

• Butter, cream, milk– 80%, 35%, 4-2-1-.5%

• Mayonnaise – 80%

• Chocolate - ~30%

Fake Fats

• Why fake fats?

Lipids - Phospholipids

• Substitute phosphoric acid for one fatty acid on a fat molecule

• Main molecule of cell membranes

• Pam spray

Lipids - Steroids

• Have the following general shape

• Include cholesterol and sex hormones

Anabolic steroid Andro-6

Cholesterol

• Structure:

OH

CH3

CH3

CH3CH3

CH3

Cholesterol

• ~250 grams/adult

• ~80% in bloodstream is manufactured in the body

• Used by body to produce:– Vitamin D, Cortisone, sex hormones, etc– Cell membranes

• Need it in your diet

Lipids - Waxes

• Used for Protection

• In plants, to conserve water

• On feathers, so they won’t water wet

• Why ear wax?

R' O R

O

H21 – C7

• 37, 38, 50, 62, 64