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Nuclear Medicine By: George Bastawros

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What is nuclear medicine? According to Merriam-Webster dictionary nuclear medicine is a branch of medicine dealing with the use of radioactive materials in the diagnosis and treatment of disease

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MIBG When a CT scan doesnt give a definite answer, a MIBG scan is used Idoine-131 is injected through your vein, and then later you go through a scan. The scan can take up to 1-2 hours, and may take several days to complete. The MIBG can locate neuroblastoma.

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What are the types of nuclear medicine? Bone scan PET Scan Gallium scan MIBG Scan CT Scan

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What elements are involved in these scans? Iodine-131 This isotope of Iodine is used to help cancers in your thyroid gland. The thyroid gland takes iodine on a regular basis to help it function. The physician puts a small amount of this radioactive material to help kill the damaged cells. Coblat-60 Coblat-60 helps to treat brain tumors with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues. Gama Knife uses cobalt-60 to shoot this radiation into the specific targets of the brain to destroy the tumor. Strortium-89 This type of radiation focuses on the deeper tumors found inside the body. If the physician needs to pass radiation through health tissue, such as a bone tumor, they would probably use strortium-89 as it will reach the targeted tumor and neutralize it without effecting the healthy tissue too much.

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CT Scans British engineer Sir Godfrey Hounsfield and Dr. Alan Cormack discovered the CT scan First used in 1974. Used because can quickly give an accurate cross-sectional image of what the doctor wants to see. Commonly used to identify injuries to the lungs, heart and vessels, liver, spleen, kidneys, bowel, head or other internal organs in cases of trauma.

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How a CT Scan works https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tqGmqRrxajQ

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Radiologist Radiologist are medical doctors who specialize in reading and understanding the images provide from the scans, and how to diagnose what they see, and how to treat it. A key factor to becoming a Radiologist is being excellent in Chemistry and other mathematic classes. Schooling is long and rigors but it pays off. The median salary is $382,129 a year. 1. 4 year bachelor degree, typically in a science major like chemistry 2. Take MCAT to get accepted into medical school. 3. 4 year medical school. 4. Complete a residency in Radiology 5. May choose to do a fellowship in Radiology, about 1-2 years 6. Take the board exam to become a Radiologist.

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What are the risks? Depending on how much exposure youve received and where youve received the radiation will determine the risk involved. If exposed to the head, can result in loss of hair To abdomen, results in vomiting To chest, results in shortness of breath, or difficulty swallowing.

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Summary Different scans shows different images of the body. Depending on what needs to be seen the Radiologist will order for a specific scan. This radiologist understands about diagnosing and treating what he/she sees from the images provide. There are many aspects of chemistry involved including different types of elements to trace certain diseases.