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NSF EARS IGERT & GLEON
Craig Williamson, Miami UniversityFor many others at
Kent State & Miami Universities, Ohio, USA
NSF IGERT Program
National Science Foundation (USA)Integrated Graduate Education and Research
Training
Provide “collaborative research that transcends traditional disciplinary
boundaries…
…to contribute to the development of a diverse, globally-engaged science and engineering
workforce.”
EARS IGERTEnvironmental Aquatic Resource
SensingKent State University – Miami University, Ohio,
USAInclusive, immersive student learning in environmental sensing, where PhD studentsdevelop and apply advanced sensors to understand processes in inland waters.Website: http://bioweb.biology.kent.edu/igert/Home.html
EARS IGERTSome Kent State Core
Faculty:
Laura Leff (PI/PD) - Microbial ecologyDarren Bade – Lake ecosystemsRick Shroath – BusinessQi-Huo Wei – Liquid crystalsChris Woolverton – Microbial biosensorsBob Twieg – Synthetic organic chemistry
… and many others
EARS IGERTMiami University Core Faculty:
Dave Berg – Aquatic ecology, conservationAnnette Bollman - MicrobiologyHailiang Dong - GeomicrobiologyRachael Morgan-Kiss – MicrobiologyJim Oris - EcotoxicologyGil Pacey - IDCAST (commercial sensors)Bill Renwick - Hydrology, sedimentationMike Vanni - Aquatic community ecologyCraig Williamson – Global change limnology
Leland Clark
- “Father of Biosensors” - Antioch College, Yellow Springs, OH
- 1941 B.S. Chemistry graduate- Professor 1944 – 1958
- Developed the first biosensor- detect glucose in the blood
- 1956 Invented Clark Oxygen Electrode- To measure oxygen in blood (for glucose)- Yellow Springs Instruments, Inc.
Source: Heineman & Jensen 2006. Biosensors and Bioelectronics 21:1403.
EARS IGERT Students (Fellows)(24 Fellows over 5 years)
Miami University: Susanna Scott – Abiotic influences on ecosystem function Kevin Rose – Limnology, carbon cycling, materials science and engineering Jeremy Mack – Ecosystem and organism response to global climate change
Kent State University David Davis – Liquid crystals Sarah Hicks – Liquid crystals Jael Egerton – Microbially mediated nitrogen cycling
Joint Fellow Project
Joint Fellow Project & GLEON
Example projects:
Develop and test a new sensor.
Compare different types of oxygen sensors (or other types of sensors) and write a white paper to post on GLEON website.
Write an outreach/opinion paper for publication on need for new sensors in aquatic resource studies.
Write a lesson plan for K-12 and present it at schools.
EARS Lake Metabolism Workshop
Lacawac Sanctuary, NE PA
What does water transparency tell us about
lake metabolism?
Causes and Consequences
UV Transparency: 14 year trends
0
4
8
12
16
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
1%
UV
32
0n
m D
ep
th (
m)
Z1% from epilimnetic Kd
July data: Lake Giles, N.E. Pennsylvania, USA
Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) is a Major Regulator of UV Transparency
0
4
8
12
16
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
1%
UV
32
0n
m (
m)
DOC (μM)
Williamson et al. 1996 L&O 41:1024.
100% Increase in DOC in 16 Year Period: Hudson River, NY, USA
Findlay et al. 2005. FEE 3: 133
DOC: 91% increase since 1988 in UK Lakes
Evans et al. 2006 Global Change Biology 12:2044
How did oxygen change since 1990?
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 5 10 15Lake Giles Sept Oxygen 1990 vs. 2009
1990
2009
Lake OesaCanadian Rockies
Changes in UV transparency
1% depth(July 28th both years):
2008 -> 200912 m -> 21 m
Ohio Reservoirs: Acton Lake
Diel Oxygen Patterns in Ohio Reservoirs over 2
days
0
50
100
150
200
250
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00
Acton Reservoir Diel DO (%) July 7-8, 2009 at 1m
Mike Vanni & Susanna Scott, Miami University
Fluorescence Index SensorKevin Rose (EARS IGERT)
370 nm excitation filter
Sample
Light detectors
450/500 nm emission filters
Development considerations: - Light source - Filters - Light detectors - electronics control config. - software and interface
Lake Rotorua, NZ
The buoys of GLEON: sensor platforms from around the world
Lake Sunapee, New Hampshire (USA) Yan
g Y
uan
Lake, T
aiwan
Lake Taihu, China
Lake Erken, Sweden
Trout Lake, Wisconsin (USA)
Lake Mendota, (WI, USA)
Lake Paajarvi, Finland