NS2 - Wireless Network

NS2 - Wireless Network

Ming-Feng Yang

22

Outline

Basic wireless model

Extensions wireless model

Example - Ad hoc network

Example – WLAN

Example – Mobile IP

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Creating wireless topologyset topo [new Topography]

$topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y)

# where opt(x) and opt(y) are the boundaries used in simulation

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Configure the node$ns_ node-config -adhocRouting DSDV or DSR or TORA or AODV \

-topoInstance $topo \-addressType flat or hierarchical or expanded\-wiredRouting ON \-mobileIP ON \-llType LL \-macType Mac/802_11 \-antType Antenna/OmniAntenna \-propType Propagation/TwoRayGround \-phyType Phy/WirelessPhy \-channelType Channel/WirelessChannel \-ifqType Queue/DropTail/PriQueue \-ifqLen <integer> \-agentTrace ON or OFF \-routerTrace ON or OFF \-macTrace ON or OFF \-movementTrace ON or OFF

MobileIPWired-cum-wireless

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Node movement$node set X_ <x1>

$node set Y_ <y1>

$node set Z_ <z1>

# Start-position

$ns at $time $node setdest <x2> <y2> <speed>

# Future destinations

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New traces format$ns use-newtrace

s -t 0.029290548 -Hs 1 -Hd -1 -Ni 1 -Nx 390.00 -Ny 385.00 -Nz 0.00

-Ne -1.000000 -Nl RTR -Nw --- -Ma 0 -Md 0 -Ms 0 -Mt 0 -Is 1.255

-Id -1.255 -It message -Il 32 -If 0 -Ii 0 -Iv 32

event s,r,d,f

time

id for next hop

next hopdestination

node id

node’s x-coordinate

node’s z-coordinate

node’s y-coordinate

nodeenergy level

trace level

reason for this event

duration

dest’s ethernet addr

source’s ethernet addr

ethernet type

source’s addr.port

dest’s addr.port

packet type

packet size

flow id

unique id

ttl value -H: next hop info

-N: node info-M: MAC level info-I: IP level info

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Movement scenario generatorcd ns-allinone-2.27/ns-2.27/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/setdest

./setdest -n 3 -p 2.0 -s 20.0 -t 300 -x 600 -y 600 > pattern-file

Num-of-nodes Pause-time Max-speed Sim-time Topo-boundary

source pattern-file

set god_ [God instance]$ns_ at 50.000000000000 "$node_(2) setdest 369.463244915743 170.519203111152 3.371785899154”$ns_ at 51.000000000000 "$node_(1) setdest 221.826585497093 80.855495003839 14.909259208114”$ns_ at 33.000000000000 "$node_(0) setdest 89.663708107313 283.494644426442 19.153832288917”$god_ set-dist 1 2 2$god_ set-dist 0 2 3$god_ set-dist 0 1 1$node_(2) set Z_ 0.000000000000$node_(2) set Y_ 199.373306816804$node_(2) set X_ 591.256560093833$node_(1) set Z_ 0.000000000000$node_(1) set Y_ 345.357731779204$node_(1) set X_ 257.046298323157$node_(0) set Z_ 0.000000000000$node_(0) set Y_ 239.438009831261$node_(0) set X_ 83.364418416244 :

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Traffic scenario generatorns cbrgen.tcl -type tcp -nn 25 -seed 0.0 -mc 8 > pattern-file

ns cbrgen.tcl -type cbr -nn 10 -seed 1.0 -mc 8 -rate 4.0 > pattern-file

CBR-or-TCP Num-of-nodes Random-seed Max-connection CBR-rate

source pattern-file

# nodes: 10, max conn: 8, send rate: 0.25, seed: 1.0# 1 connecting to 2 at time 2.5568388786897245set udp_(0) [new Agent/UDP]$ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $udp_(0)set null_(0) [new Agent/Null]$ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $null_(0)set cbr_(0) [new Application/Traffic/CBR]$cbr_(0) set packetSize_ 512$cbr_(0) set interval_ 0.25$cbr_(0) set random_ 1$cbr_(0) set maxpkts_ 10000$cbr_(0) attach-agent $udp_(0)$ns_ connect $udp_(0) $null_(0)$ns_ at 2.5568388786897245 "$cbr_(0) start“ :

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wired-cum-wireless$ns_ node-config -addressType hierarchicalAddrParams set domain_num_ 2lappend cluster_num 2 1AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_numlappend eilastlevel 1 1 4AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel

set temp {0.0.0 0.1.0}for {set i 0} {$i < $num_wired_nodes} {incr i} { set W($i) [$ns_ node [lindex $temp $i]] }

$ns_ node-config -wiredRouting ONset temp {1.0.0 1.0.1 1.0.2 1.0.3}set BS(0) [$ns_ node [lindex $temp 0]]$BS(0) random-motion 0

$ns_ node-config -wiredRouting OFFfor {set j 0} {$j < $opt(nn)} {incr j} { set node_($j) [ $ns_ node [lindex $temp [expr $j+1]] ] $node_($j) base-station [AddrParams addr2id [$BS(0) node-addr]] }

W(0)

W(1)

BS(0)

node_(1)node_(0)

node_(2)

domain 0

domain 1

cluster 0

cluster 1

cluster 0

0,0,0

0,1,0

1,0,0

1,0,1 1,0,2

1,0,3

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Mobile IP

$ns_ node-config -mobileIP ON

set HA [$ns_ node 1.0.0]set FA [$ns_ node 2.0.0]$HA random-motion 0$FA random-motion 0

set MH [$ns_ node 1.0.1]set node_(0) $MHset HAaddress [AddrParams addr2id [$HA node-addr]][$MH set regagent_] set home_agent_ $HAaddress

W(0)

W(1)

HA

MH

FA

1111


Traffic: node(0) to node(1)

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set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel typeset val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation modelset val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface typeset val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC typeset val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue typeset val(ll) LL ;# link layer typeset val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna modelset val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifqset val(nn) 3 ;# number of nodesset val(rp) DSDV ;# routing protocolset val(x) 500 ;# X dimension of topographyset val(y) 400 ;# Y dimension of topography set val(stop) 150 ;# time of simulation end# Define optionsset ns [new Simulator]set tracefd [open out.tr w]set namtrace [open out.nam w] $ns trace-all $tracefd$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)

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Example - Ad hoc networkset topo [new Topography]$topo load_flatgrid $val(x) $val(y)# Create a topology object that keeps track of movements of nodes within the topological boundary

create-god $val(nn)# God object is used to store global information about the state of the environment, network or nodes

$ns node-config -adhocRouting $val(rp) \-llType $val(ll) \-macType $val(mac) \-ifqType $val(ifq) \-ifqLen $val(ifqlen) \-antType $val(ant) \-propType $val(prop) \-phyType $val(netif) \-channelType $val(chan) \-topoInstance $topo \-agentTrace ON \-routerTrace ON \-macTrace OFF \-movementTrace ON

# Configure the nodes

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for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } { incr i } {set node_($i) [$ns node]$node_($i) random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion

}# Create the specified number of nodes [$val(nn)] and "attach" them to the channel$node_(0) set X_ 5.0$node_(0) set Y_ 5.0$node_(0) set Z_ 0.0$node_(1) set X_ 490.0$node_(1) set Y_ 285.0$node_(1) set Z_ 0.0$node_(2) set X_ 150.0$node_(2) set Y_ 240.0$node_(2) set Z_ 0.0# Provide initial location of nodes$ns at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 250.0 250.0 3.0"$ns at 30.0 "$node_(1) setdest 45.0 285.0 5.0"$ns at 100.0 "$node_(0) setdest 480.0 300.0 5.0" # Generation of movements

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set tcp [new Agent/TCP]set sink [new Agent/TCPSink]$ns attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp$ns attach-agent $node_(1) $sink$ns connect $tcp $sinkset ftp [new Application/FTP]$ftp attach-agent $tcp$ns at 10.0 "$ftp start" # Set up a TCP connection between node_(0) and node_(1)for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} { incr i } {

$ns initial_node_pos $node_($i) 40}# Define node initial position in NAM, 40 defines the node size for NAMfor {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } { incr i } {

$ns at $val(stop) "$node_($i) reset";}# Telling nodes when the simulation ends

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$ns at $val(stop) "$ns nam-end-wireless $val(stop)"$ns at $val(stop) "stop"proc stop {} {

global ns tracefd namtrace $ns flush-trace close $tracefd close $namtrace exec nam out.nam & exit 0}# ending nam and the simulation $ns run

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Example - WLAN

Traffic: node(3) to node(0), node(1) to node(5),

2020

Example - WLAN


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Example - WLAN


2222

Example - WLAN


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Example - WLAN

set opt(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel typeset opt(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation modelset opt(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface typeset opt(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC typeset opt(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue typeset opt(ll) LL ;# link layer typeset opt(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna modelset opt(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifqset opt(nn) 3 ;# number of mobilenodesset opt(rp) DSDV ;# routing protocolset opt(x) 300 ;# x coordinate of topologyset opt(y) 300 ;# y coordinate of topologyset opt(stop) 30 ;# time to stop simulationset opt(ftp1-start) 5.0set opt(ftp2-start) 5.0set num_wired_nodes 2set num_bs_nodes 1# Define options

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Example - WLAN

set ns [new Simulator]set tracefd [open out.tr w]set namtrace [open out.nam w]$ns trace-all $tracefd$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $opt(x) $opt(y)

$ns node-config -addressType hierarchicalAddrParams set domain_num_ 2 ;# number of domainslappend cluster_num 2 1 ;# number of clusters in each domainAddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_numlappend eilastlevel 1 1 4 ;# number of nodes in each cluster of each domai

nAddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel # set up for hierarchical routingset topo [new Topography]$topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y)# Create a topology object that keeps track of movements of nodes within the topological boundary

create-god [expr $opt(nn) + $num_bs_nodes]# God object is used to store global information about the state of the environment, network or nodes

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Example - WLAN

set temp {0.0.0 0.1.0} ;# hierarchical addresses for wired domainfor {set i 0} {$i < $num_wired_nodes} {incr i} { set W($i) [$ns node [lindex $temp $i]] }#Create wired nodes$ns node-config -adhocRouting $opt(rp) \ -llType $opt(ll) \ -macType $opt(mac) \ -ifqType $opt(ifq) \ -ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \ -antType $opt(ant) \ -propType $opt(prop) \ -phyType $opt(netif) \ -channelType $opt(chan) \

-topoInstance $topo \ -wiredRouting ON \

-agentTrace ON \ -routerTrace OFF \ -macTrace OFF # Configure for base-station node

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Example - WLAN

set temp {1.0.0 1.0.1 1.0.2 1.0.3} ;# hierarchical addresses to be used for wireless domainset BS(0) [$ns node [lindex $temp 0]]$BS(0) random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion#create base-station node$BS(0) set X_ 150.0$BS(0) set Y_ 250.0$BS(0) set Z_ 0.0# provide some co-ord (fixed) to base-station node$ns node-config -wiredRouting OFFfor {set j 0} {$j < $opt(nn)} {incr j} {

set node_($j) [ $ns node [lindex $temp [expr $j+1]] ]$node_($j) base-station [AddrParams addr2id [$BS(0) node-addr]]

}# create mobilenodes in the same domain as BS(0) and configure for mobilenodes$ns duplex-link $W(0) $W(1) 5Mb 2ms DropTail$ns duplex-link $W(1) $BS(0) 5Mb 2ms DropTail#create links between wired and BS nodes$ns duplex-link-op $W(0) $W(1) orient down$ns duplex-link-op $W(1) $BS(0) orient left-down

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Example - WLAN

set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink]$ns attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp1$ns attach-agent $W(0) $sink1$ns connect $tcp1 $sink1$tcp1 set fid_ 1set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1$ns at $opt(ftp1-start) "$ftp1 start"# setup first TCP connectionset tcp2 [new Agent/TCP]$tcp2 set class_ 2set sink2 [new Agent/TCPSink]$ns attach-agent $W(1) $tcp2$ns attach-agent $node_(2) $sink2$ns connect $tcp2 $sink2$tcp2 set fid_ 2set ftp2 [new Application/FTP]$ftp2 attach-agent $tcp2$ns at $opt(ftp2-start) "$ftp2 start"# setup second TCP connection

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Example - WLAN

$node_(0) set X_ 120.0 $node_(0) set Y_ 220.0$node_(0) set Z_ 0.0$node_(1) set X_ 250.0$node_(1) set Y_ 250.0$node_(1) set Z_ 0.0$node_(2) set X_ 20.0$node_(2) set Y_ 20.0$node_(2) set Z_ 0.0# Provide initial location of nodes$ns at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest 290.0 10.0 30.0"$ns at 15.0 "$node_(1) setdest 50.0 100.0 20.0"$ns at 5.0 "$node_(2) setdest 170.0 240.0 30.0"# Generation of movements

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Example - WLAN

for {set i } {$i < $opt(nn) } {incr i} { $ns at $opt(stop) "$node_($i) reset";}$ns at $opt(stop) "$BS(0) reset";# Tell all nodes when the simulation ends$ns at $opt(stop) "$ns nam-end-wireless $opt(stop)"$ns at $opt(stop) "stop"proc stop {} { global ns tracefd namtrace $ns flush-trace close $tracefd close $namtrace exec nam out.nam & exit 0}# ending nam and the simulation $ns run

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Traffic: node(0) to node(4) Traffic: node(0) to node(4)

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set opt(chan)Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel typeset opt(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radio-propagation modelset opt(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface typeset opt(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC typeset opt(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# interface queue typeset opt(ll) LL ;# link layer typeset opt(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# antenna modelset opt(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifqset opt(nn) 1 ;# number of mobilenodesset opt(rp) DSDV ;# routing protocolset opt(x) 500.0 ;# x coordinate of topologyset opt(y) 500.0 ;# y coordinate of topologyset opt(stop) 50.0 ;# time to stop simulationset opt(ftp1-start) 0.0set num_wired_nodes 2set num_bs_nodes 2# Define options

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set ns [new Simulator]set tracefd [open out.tr w]set namtrace [open out.nam w]$ns trace-all $tracefd$ns namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $opt(x) $opt(y)$ns color 1 Red

$ns node-config -addressType hierarchicalAddrParams set domain_num_ 3 ;# number of domainslappend cluster_num 2 1 1 ;# number of clusters in each domainAddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_numlappend eilastlevel 1 1 2 1 ;# number of nodes in each cluster of each domai

nAddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel # set up for hierarchical routingset topo [new Topography]$topo load_flatgrid $opt(x) $opt(y)# Create a topology object that keeps track of movements of nodes within the topological boundary

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Example – Mobile IPcreate-god [expr $opt(nn) + $num_bs_nodes]# God object is used to store global information about the state of the environment, network or nodesset temp {0.0.0 0.1.0} ;# hierarchical addresses for wired domainfor {set i 0} {$i < $num_wired_nodes} {incr i} { set W($i) [$ns node [lindex $temp $i]] }#Create wired nodes$ns node-config -mobileIP ON \

-adhocRouting $opt(rp) \ -llType $opt(ll) \ -macType $opt(mac) \ -ifqType $opt(ifq) \ -ifqLen $opt(ifqlen) \ -antType $opt(ant) \ -propType $opt(prop) \ -phyType $opt(netif) \ -channelType $opt(chan) \

-topoInstance $topo \ -wiredRouting ON \

-agentTrace ON \ -routerTrace OFF \ -macTrace OFF # Configure for ForeignAgent and HomeAgent nodes

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set HA_ [$ns node 1.0.0]set FA_ [$ns node 2.0.0]$HA_ random-motion 0$FA_ random-motion 0# Create HA and FA$HA_ set X_ 100.0$HA_ set Y_ 200.0$HA_ set Z_ 0.0$FA_ set X_ 400.0$FA_ set Y_ 200.0$FA_ set Z_ 0.0# Position (fixed) for base-station nodes (HA & FA).$ns node-config -wiredRouting OFFset MH_ [$ns node 1.0.1]set HAaddress [AddrParams addr2id [$HA_ node-addr]][$MH_ set regagent_] set home_agent_ $HAaddress# note address of MH indicates its in the same domain as HA.$ns duplex-link $W(0) $W(1) 5Mb 2ms DropTail$ns duplex-link $W(1) $HA_ 5Mb 2ms DropTail$ns duplex-link $W(1) $FA_ 5Mb 2ms DropTail# create links between wired and BaseStation nodes

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set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP]set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink]$ns attach-agent $W(0) $tcp1$ns attach-agent $MH_ $sink1$ns connect $tcp1 $sink1$tcp1 set fid_ 1set ftp1 [new Application/FTP]$ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1$ns at $opt(ftp1-start) "$ftp1 start"# setup TCP connections between a wired node and the MobileHost$MH_ set X_ 100.0$MH_ set Y_ 170.0$MH_ set Z_ 0.0# Provide initial location of MH$ns at 5.0 "$MH_ setdest 400.0 170.0 20.0"# MH starts to move towards FA$ns at 25.0 "$MH_ setdest 100.0 170.0 20.0"# goes back to HA$ns initial_node_pos $MH_ 10# Define initial node position in NAM

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$ns at $opt(stop) "$MH_ reset";$ns at $opt(stop) "$HA_ reset";$ns at $opt(stop) "$FA_ reset";# Tell all nodes when the simulation ends$ns at $opt(stop) "$ns nam-end-wireless $opt(stop)"$ns at $opt(stop) "stop"proc stop {} { global ns tracefd namtrace $ns flush-trace close $tracefd close $namtrace exec nam out.nam & exit 0}# ending nam and the simulation $ns run

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NS2 - Wireless Network