NOTE: MIL-STD-1660 has been redesignated as a Design ...everyspec.com/MIL-STD/MIL-STD-1600-1699/download.php?spec=MIL_STD_1660.1658.pdfammunition designed to establish reliability,

NOTE: MIL-STD-1660 has been redesignated as a Design Criteria Standard. Thecover page has been changed for Administrative reasons. There are no otherchanges to this Document.

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MIL-STD-166008 APRIL 1977

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSEDESIGN CRITERIA STANDARD

DESIGN CRITERIA FOR AMMUNITION UNIT LOADS

AMSC N/A 8140

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution isunlimited.

Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com

MIL-STD-1660,.

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DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVYNAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND

Washington, DC 20362

Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads

MIL-STD-1660

1. This Military Standard has been approved for use by allDepartments and Agencies of the Department of Defense and.ispublished to establish Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads.

2. This is a mandatory standard for use by DOD ammunitiondesign activities and when applicable is to be invoked inspecifications, purchase descriptions and/or contracts whensuch design service is to be procured. It applies toammunition terms as prepared for shipment and not necessarily :to metal parts, bulk,explosives and other components.

3. Recommended corrections, additions”or deletions should beaddressed to Commanding Officer, Naval Ordnance Station,Standardization Division (611), Indian Head, Maryland 20640.

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This standard establishes minimum design and evaluationprocedtires to be applied throughout the Department of Defense

Ito unit loads of ammunition.

When ammunition items, packaged or unpackaged, are movedfrom one place to another they are usually combined into alarger assemblage which can be easily and safely handled bymechanized equipment; e.g. a forklift truck. This assemblageis called a unit load.

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I The ammunition logistic system of the Department Of .....

Defense is based on distribution in unit loads unless the item,..

as packaged, is too large or too heavy to be so assembled. Aunit load may be stored for prolonged periods before it is ;.

needed. It may be shipped by truck, rail, ship or aircraft:Depending upon the particular operations of the consumingcombatant unit, the unit load must withstand the rigors of ~->over the beach handling, local transport and handling over mrough terrain, or delivery by external or internal carriageby helicopter under the threat of enemy action, or by transferat sea, or by combinations of these methods, at any time andunder poor weather conditions. In addition to possibleadverse effects on the reliability of the ammunition, failuresof unit loads can lead to death or injury from falling heavyobjects or from disastrous explosion. Because of thesefactors a detailed design must be prepared, tested, and documentedshoWing how the ammunition is to be assembled ifltOa Unit load ,which will be safe and efficient to handle, ship, store, anddeliver to the combatant unit.

This standard provides guidelines covering unit loads forammunition designed to establish reliability, safety andcompatibility with handling equipment most commonly found inthe distribution system. It is intended to be used in thedesign and evaluation of unit loads for the end productammunition line item as distributed to the user, not for thoseunit loads of inert components moving between contractors asa Part of the manufacturing process. The criteria containedherein are not intended to be limiting or restrictive. Wheniustified in individual cases. additional or modified procedures~ay”be used. If deviations from this standard affect handlina. ...

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transportation, or stowage characteristics, advancebe given by the design activity to all services whohandle the unit load.

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MIL-STD-1660

1. SCOPE

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1.1 This standard establishes minimum design criteria andassociated tests for ammunition unit loads.

2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

2.1 Issues of documents. The following documents of the issuein effect on date of invitation for bids or request for proposal,form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein.

SPECIFICATIONS

Federal

FF-N-105

NM-L-751

QQ-S-781

Military

MIL-A-8421

MIL-P-15011

MIL-P-23312

STANOARDS

Federal

FED-STD-75

FED-STD-101

Nails, Wire, Brada, and Staples

Lumber and Timber, Softwood

Steel Strapping, Flat

Air Transportability Requirements, GeneralSpecification for

Pallet, Material Handling, Wood, Post Construction,4 Way Entry

Pallet, Material Handling, Metal (For ordnanceItems); Mk 3 Mod O, Mk 12 Mod O, and Mk 12 Mod 1

Glossary of Packaging Terms

Preservation, Packaging and Packing Materials,Test Procedures

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MIL-STD-1660

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STANDARDS, ~~ntin~ed

Military

“MIL-STD-444 Nomenclature and Definitions in theAmmunition Area

MIL-STD-648 De”signCriteria.Containers

MIL-STD-731 Quality of Woodand Pallets

HANDBOOKS

APSC D3SIGN RANDBOOR DE21-11 Air

DRAWINGS

for Specialized Shipping

Members for Containers

Transportability

Naval Sea Systems Command (Code Ident 10001 & 53711)

5642002086479264521726441482614969261497026149712642587264391926437252643765264291426434822644390

US ARMY

Mk 3 Mod O PalletMk 12 Mod O PalletMk 12 Mod 1 PalletMk 70 Mod 2 Pallet Hoisting SlingMk 85 Mod O Pallet SlingMk 86 Mod O Pallet SlingMk 87 Mod O Pallet SlingMk 93 Mod O Pallet SlingMk 100 Mod 1 Pallet SlingMk 77 Mod 3 Container Lifting SlingMk 109 Mod O Container Lifting SlingMk 99 Mod O Weapons Handling SlingMk 105 Mod O Hoisting SlingMk 105 Mod O Hoisting Sling Long Leg Assembly

19484138

MANUALS

DA PAM 746-1

OP 3221 (ArmyTM 55-607)

Basic procedures - unitization procedures for box~ammunition and components on skidded bases.

Pallets for Army use.

Loading and Storage of Military Ammunition andExplosives Aboard Break Bulk Merchant Ships

(Copies of specifications, standards, handbooks, drawingsand publications required by suppliers in connection with specificprocurement functions should be obtained from the procuringactivity or as directed by the contracting officer) .

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MIL-STD-1660

2.2 Other publications. The following document formsof this speclflcatlon to the extent specified herein.

a partUnless

otherwise- indicated, the issue in effect on date of invitationfor bids or request for proposal shall apply.

Code of Federal Regulations

46 CFR 146.29-180 Regulations governing the trans-portation of Military Explosivesand Hazardous Munitons on BoardVessels.

49 CFR 170-178 Hazardous Material Regulations ofthe Department of Transportation

(The Department of Transportation regulations are a part of theCode of Federal Regulations available from the Superintendentof Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.Orders for the publication should cite ’46 CFR 140 to 149”,46CPI?150 to 165, 46 CFR 166 to 199, and 49 CFR 100-199”. ,

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE

ANSI S1.1-1960 (R1971) Acoustical Terminology (IncludingMechanical Shock and Vibration)

ANSI MH 10.1-1972 Unit-Load Sizes for DimensioningTransport-Package Sizes

(Application for copies should be addressed to the AmericanNational Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, NY 10080) .

Bureau of Explosives

Pamphlet No. 6C Methods for Loading and Bracing Trailersand Less Than Trailer Shipments ofExplosives and Other Dangerous Articlesvia Trailer-on-Flat-Car (TOFC) orContainer-on-Flat-Car (COFC)

(Applicatiorisfor copies should be addressed to the Bureau ofExplosives, Association of American Rai~, 2 PennsylvaniaPlaza, New York, NY 10001).

3. DEFINITIONS

3.1 General. The terms used throughout this standard areconsistent wfth the following definitions. Packaging termsnot defined below are in accordance with FED STD 75. Definitionsof shock and vibration terms are in accordance with ANSI Sl.l-1960 (R1971). Terms in the ammunition area are in accordancewith MIL-STD-444.

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MIL-STD-1660

3.1.1 Batten. A wooden member used to fill space, pKOteCtagainst damage, or to provide additional surfaces for strappingor bearing.

3.1.2 ~ A cover with sides extending perpendicularly fromthe perimeter used as a protection against damage, or to helpcreate a stable load. It may be used over the load, invertedunder a load or used under and over intermediate courses.

3.1.3 Edge protector. A light piece of material, used at theedge of a load to prevent damage by strapping.

3.1.4 Handling equipment. Any equipment or special handlingdevice used for moving packages, packs, unit loads, containers,items or components.

3.1.5 Overhan . The distance that the vertical edges of thecompcmedunit load extend beyond the edges of the pallet.

3.1.6 Pallet. A low portable platform of wood, metal or other ‘suitable material to facilitate handling, stowage and trans- .;portation of materials as a unit by mechanical equipment. Itis used as the base of a unit load to support and combine groupsof commodities (or to confine single items) for handling andshipping as a single entity.

3.1.7 Pallet, special purpose. A pallet which is specificallydesigned for use with a particular ammunition item or for usein a specific handling or transportation environment.

3.1.8 Pallet adapter. A wood or metal framework designed tosecure irregular shaped articles to a pallet.

3.1.9 Palletized unit load. A unit load which uses a palletas a base.

3.1.10 Skid base. A type of pallet used as the base for unitloads of items which are packed in long wooden boxes of 27” inlength or greater.

3.1.11 Strapping. A length of flat steel, or other suitablematerial, placed m tension around a unit load to compact andsecure the individual items into a single entity.

3.1.12 Underhang. The distance the edges of the palletextend beyond the vertical edges of the items or containers.

3.1.13 Unit load. An assemblage of items (in or out ofcontainers) designed to facilitate handling these items as asingle entity.

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MIL-STD-1660

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3.1.13.1 Fleet Issue Unit Load (FIUL). A unitspecifically designed to permit transfer-at-seawhich is compatible with shipboard handling and

load which isoperations andstowage procedures.

3.1.13.2 Amphibious unit load. A unit load which is specificallydesigned to be loaded as assault cargo in ships such as LPH’s,LHA’s and LPD’s, for rapid unloading in specific amphibiousoperations.

3.1.14 Design Activity. The DOD activity responsible for designingammunition unit loads or, if the design service is procured forapproving the design as being compatible with service needs.Example of design activities as defined herein are:

a. Army : Armament Research and Development Command;~ Ammunition Center.

b. Navy: Naval Weapons Handling Center, U.S. NavalWeapons Station Earle.

Air Force: Armament Development and Test Center:Ogden Air c~gistics Center.

4. GENEIUi.LREQUIREMENTS

4.1 General. This section preeente general requirements fOrunit loads of materials which can be verified by visualobservation, simple measurement, or by a certificate of compliancewith material requirements. Inspection procedures are concernedonly with those materials which are used to make up the unitload; i.e. pallets, adapters, battens, strapping, and the like.Inspection procedures for the ammunition items and its packagingare contained in documents relevant to the procurement or main-tenance of the specific item.

4.2 Transportability requirement. The unit load, ineofar aspossible, shall be designed to move without restriction, specialrouting, or special escort throughout the ammunition distributionsystem used by the Department of Defense. See 49 CFR 170-178and 46 CFR 146.29-~80

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4.2.1 Airlift compatibility. Unit loads shall conform to thegeneral design and performance requirements of ?41L-A-8421 asamplified by AFSC DH 1-11. Air transportability criteria fornuclear weapons shall conform to individual service regulations. ..

4.2.2 Railcar compatibility. The unit load shall, insofaras possible, be capable of being efficiently and safely loadedin standard commercial boxcars. .,.

4.2.3 Truck trailer compatibility...:

Wherever practical the unitload shall be capable of being efficiently and safely loadedinto standard closed van trailers capable of meeting shippingrequirements for explosives. In addition, consideration shall begiven to providing appropriate strength members compatiblewith the fixed cross member spacing in the trailers or containersauthorized for Trailer on Flat Car (TOFC) or Container on FlatCar (COFC) service shown in Bureau of

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Explosives Pamphlet 6C.


MIL-STD-1660

4.2.4 Ship compatibility. Wherever the distribution systemis sufficiently known to identify the type of ships to beemployed, the unit load shall be capable of being safely andefficiently loaded and stowed aboard those ships. Typicalshiploading situations are described by Army TM 55-607, NavyNXVSFA OP 3221.

4.2.5 Container compatibility. Wherever practical the unitload shall be capable of being safely and efficiently loadedinto MILVANS and commercial ISO containers.

4.3 Handling equipment compatibility. The unit load shall becompatible with the handling equipment used throughout theexpected logistic flow patterns.

4.3.1 Forklift/pallet truck capability. Unit load designsshall be capable of being handled safely by forklift trucks ofrated capacity appropriate to the gross weight and geometry ofthe unit load. Minimum size of each’forklift opening shallbe 3“ in height, 10” in width, with larger dimensions pf~’.Full 4-way entry capability shall be provided unless a deviation “.is justified by life cycle cost and technical analysis. Ifpallet trucks are to be used in the logistic flow pattern thepallet design shall be compatible with their use.

4.3.2 Sling capability . Unit loads shall be capable of beingsafely handled by the authorized slings which are commonly usedin ammunition stevedoring operations. Fleet issue unit loadsshall also be capable of being safely handled by the authorizedslings which are commonly used for underway replenishmentoperations.

4.4 Shape. Insofar as practical, the complete unit load shallbe in the form of a rectangular parallelepipeds.

4.4.1 Protrusions. Protrusions from the individual itemsmaking up the unit load shall be oriented to minimize damage.Battens, or other protective devices shall be used wheneverprotrusions are likely to cause damage or be damaged.

4.4.2 Item placement. Items (in or out of containers) makingup the unit load shall be placed in such a way that space isutilized efficiently, the unit load meets all stability require-ments, and”the overhang requirements are met. ANSI MH1O,1-1972 maybe used for guidance in selecting specific patterns for itemplacement wherever appropriate.

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MIL-STD-1660

4.4.3 Strapping placement. Strapping shall be located insuch a way that It is not susceptible to snagging by adjacentunit loads, handling equipment, or transportation equipment;i.e. additional strapping, over and above that required toequal or exceed the safe working load (see 4.8.1), shall beused as necessary to insure positive retention under theconditions of the tests contained herein. Strapping shall notpass under those elements of the unit load in contact withground unless positive steps are taken to recess the strappingto prevent frictional wear. Unsupported strapping (i.e.strapping not directly bearing on the load structure or battens)shall be kept to a minimum.

4.4.4 Item orientation. Items shall be oriented in the unitload in accordance with pertinent instructions (e.g. THIS SIDE ~) .~or in the least fragile position. If there are no restrictions, :...:->..the items shall be oriented in the attitude which will produce

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loaded with white phosphorous (WP) shall be loaded so that..

the long axis of the round is vertical unless otherwise speci-fically authorized). ;.

4.4.5 Drainage. To the maximum extent practical, free :.

drainage shall be provided in the normal storage position, i.e.all depressions or pockets which could hold water should be “Gavoided.

4.5 Size and weight. Unless the ammunition item and itsshipping container are larger than the limits given herein,dimensions, size and weight shall be determined in accordancewith the following:

4.5.1 Length and width. Length and width shall, insofar aspractical and consistent with other dimensional rules containedherein, be close to the plan view sizes of.Table 1.

4.5.1.1 Overhang. Unit loads shall be made up so as to insurestability, to provide for efficient strapping application andnot to cause excessive bending force on those containers oritems which may be structurally weak. When standard pallets areused (see 4.8.3) overhang in excess of 2“ per edge should beavoided.

4.5.1.2 Underhan .standard de used, spacers, battens or cap assem%~s

Underhang shall not be permitted.

shall fill out the unit load..so that the overall nominal .@anview dimensions are at l-st flushwith the Cdlet d*@e. ~strength and dimensions of the materials shall be adequate topermit shipment by all means of transport, e.g. cap assembliesshall be of such size that it will withstand all loads imposedon it by adjacent unit loads under impact conditions, Whennon standard pallets or skid bases are used the overall plan viewsize shall be tailored not to exceed the load dimensions. Skidbases shall conform to dwg #19484138.

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TABLE I

RECOMMEPIDEDUNIT LOAD DIMENS1ONS FOR

EQUIPMENT OF FACILITY

GLOO MAGAZINEMinimumdoorway dimensions:48” wide X 90” high

O?JVENTIONALVAiiS (40 ft)Interior size:472” long X 92” wide X 96” high(Doorway height = 92”)

ILVAN OR 20’ X 8’ 1S0 CONTAINERSInterior size232” long x 92”(Doorway height

wide X 87” high= 84,,)

AILCARS (Typical)Interior size:

~606” or 720” long X 100” wide:x 120” high

SHIPS (Break-bulk)(No standard size)

MILITARY AIRLIFT (With 463L;System) 463L Handling System\Pallet:184” X 104” (full size),84” X 50” (half size)

MI L-STD-1661J

TRANSPORT AND STORAGE

SIZE

1. One horizontal dimensionshould be less than 47 incheswith forklift entry per-pendicular to that dimension.

1. One horizontal dlmenslon ofthe unit load should be 43 to45-1/2” to permit two wideloading to avoid lateralbracing. Three wide loadingrequires a horizontal dimensicof 28-1/2 to 30 1/2”.

2. Height should be 47” for twohigh loading or 31” for three-high loading.

1. Horizontal dlmens~ons should Isame as for conventional vans.

2. Unit load height should notexceed 41” for two highloading or 27” for threehigh loads.

1. One horizontal dlmenslonshould be between 52” and54” for two wide loadingwithout lateral bracing.Three wide loading requires ahorizontal dimension from35” to 36”.

2. Height should not exceed 58”for two-high loading or 39”for three high loading.

1. Unit load design shall permiteasy handling by agprovedslings and overhead crane.

1. Optimum unit load size is42” X 52”. Fbr pxe infor-l?ation see AFSCDH 1-11forothersizes@le.

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MIL-STD-1660

4.5.2 Transportability limitations. Unit loads shall be designedto be economically compatible with the methods by which theywill be transported or stored. Guidance concerning the preferredlength, width, and height characteristics for the more commonconditions is given in Table 1.

4.5.3 Gross weight. Gross weight of an ammunition unit loadshall not exceed 4000 pounds unless specifically authorized byeach using activity.

4.5.4 High density ammunition. Where optimization in all threedimensions produces a gross we~ght in excess of 4000 poundsthe number of complete layers of unit packs shall be reduced

I until the gross weight is under 4000 pounds.

4.5.5 Special rule for amphibious assault ammunition. Certainemmunit~on items are intended to be used in amphibious operations.This ammunition, at least during the assault phases, must becapable of being efficiently handled in specialized chips withfixed size elevators and horizontal or vertical conveyors.t.laximumdimensions for these unit loads are: ..

r4aximumof length and width: 45 x 54 inchesMaximum Height: 44 inchesMaximum Weight: 3000 pounds

4.6 Stability. Item placement shall be such that the assembledunit load is stable on a motionless level surface without de-pending on strapping. This crxter~ shall also apply followingthe rough handling tests of paragraph 5.4.2 to 5.4.9 if theassembly is not distorted by more than 2 inches.

4.7 Stacking capability. Unless otherwise specified by thedesign activity,,~t loads shall be designed to insure safe,stable, long term stacking to a height of 16 feet.

4.8 Materials. Standard parts and materials shall be used unlessthey are technically or economically impractical. The materialused shall not adversely affect the unitized items becauseof incompatibility of hydroscopic or chemical properties.

4.8.1 Stra-

All strapping shall be in accordance withQQ-s-78 , C ass I, Type I or Type IV, Heavy Duty. Finish Bis preferrd unless otherwise specified by the design activity.

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4.8.2 Strapping seals. All seals for metallic straPPin9 shallbe heavy duty steel in accordance with QQ-S-781, TYPe D, classH, Finish A or B. Designs shall be based on the use of a single ..=.seal, double notched. Use of crimped seals is authorized withnon-lubricated strapping provided two seals are used, eachdouble crimped.

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MIL-STD-1660

4.8.3 Pallets. Wherever practicable, and consistent withsatisfying the other design and performance criteria of thisstandard, unit loads shall be designed to use lirnvpallets DA PAM746-1, standard wood pallets, MIL-P-15011, Style I (40 X 48) orStyle 1A (35 X 45-1/2) and standard steel pallets MIL-P-23312Mk 3 Mod O (40 X 48) conforming to drawing 564200 or Mk 12 ModsO or 1 (35 X 45-1/2) conforming to drawing 2986479 or 2645217respectively. Special purpose pallets shall be used only whenthey are cost effective on a life cycle basis.

4.8.4 Nails. Nails shall be in accordance with FF-N-105,Type II and of the style and size appropriate to the width andthickness of wood members being joined.

4.8.5 Staples. Staples shall be ccmercial grade steel ofa size appropriate for the strapping used on the unit load.

4.8J6 Edge protectors. Edge protectors of a size appropriatefor the strapping shall be used when specified by design activity.

4.8.7 Wood members. Lumber, in”accordance with the qualityrequirements of MIL-STD-731 shall be used as appropriate for allstructural members. Non-structural members may be fabricatedfrom lumber in accordance with either MIL-STD-731 or MM-L-751,whichever is cost effective.

4.8.8 Plywood. Plywood shall be commercial grade C-D withexterior glue.

4.9 Markings. Important markings or inspection data on the itemsshall not be concealed by the unit load members. Provisionsmust be made or space allocated for attaching hazard markingplacards to unit loads.

4.10 Fleet-Issue Unit Loads (FIuL). Unless otherwise specified,all materials used to make up fleet issue unit loads shall benon-flammable. Small lumber-items may te usedas spcers orbattens. Metal parts shall be suitably protected from corrosion.

4.10.1 Sling compatibility. Fleet issue unit loads shall becapable of being safely handled by the authorized slings commonlyused in dockside stevedoring operations and at sea connectedreplenishment (CONLFP) and vertical replenishment (VERTREP)operations as cited below. The following slings are currentlyauthorized for use in Department of the Navy dockside handlingand transfer-at-sea operations:

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MIL-STD-1660 I. . . I

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Drawing Area

w Nomenclature Number of Use

Mk 70 Mod 2 Pallet Hoisting Sling 2644148 CONREPMk 85 Mod O Pallet Sling 2614969 CONREP/VSRTRJ?PMk 86 Mod O Pallet Sling 2614970 CONREP/VERTREP14k87 Mod O Pallet Sling 2614971 CONREP/VERTREPMk93Mod0 Pallet Sling 2642587 DocksideMk 100 Mod 1 Pallet Sling 2643919Mk77Mod3

CONREP/VERTREPContainer Lifting Sling 2643725 CONREP

Mk 109 Mod O .Container Lifting Sling 2643765 CONREPMk99Mod0 Weapons Handling Sling 2642914 CONRSPNk 105 Mod O Hoisting Sling 2643482Mk 105 Mod O:

VERTREPLong Leg Assembly 2644390 VERTREP

5. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS

5.1 General. This section contai,ns requirements for unit loadswhich shall be verified by physical tests. prototype unit loadsshall be fabricated, inspected, and tested to determine whetherdesign meets all strength and handling requirements. Explosive”.loaded ammunition shall be replaced by inert items havingsimilar physical characteristics.

5.2 Satisfactory performance criteria. The unit load shallremain Intact and be capable of continued safe handling andtiering. The assembly structure (the pallet, structural orprotective members, strapping, etc.) shall not fail nor permitindividual parts of the unit load asaembly to tecnreurnttackd orseparated. If the ammunition item is not protected by separatepackaging or individual containers, the unit load configurationshall protect each item from damage beyond usefulI’u2..~j e.g. thinstructural members, fins, or other protrusions shall not bebroken or deformed. If individual containers are used the unitload shall protec~ the containers; e.g. latches, handles, orother protrusions shall not be damaged beyond usefulness. These

I criteria apply only to the unit load as a whole unit. Theability of the component packages, the internal ammunition itemsand the pallet to withstand the hazards of transportation andstorage must be determined by a separate evaluation process.

5.3 Test procedures. The prototype unit loads shall beinspected for damage after being subjected to each of the followingtests in the order given.

5.4 Test temperature. Tests are normally conducted at an,@ient temperature of 70”F t 20°F or 21°C i I..l”c.TX the materialsUsedintkfabricxstignoft!! unitbdaresenaitiveto~tlma orhumidity, the tests shall be conducted at the conditions whichoccur in the appropriate logistic environment or as specifiedfor testing specialized shipping containers in MIL-STD-648.

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MIL-STD-1660

5.4.1 Stacking test. The unit load shall be loaded to simulatea stack of identical unit loads, stacked approximately 16feet high, for a period of 1 hour minimum.

5.4.2 Repetitive shock test. This test shall be conducted inaccordance with 14ethod 5019, FED-STD-101.

5.4.2.1 Repetitive shock test (superimposed load). An alternatetest which may be used,when specifically required, the repetitiveshock test shall be performed in its most severe transportationconfigurations (e.g. if the unit loads may reasonably beexpected to be shipped by truck or rail three layers high, theyshould be tested in a configuration which simulates thatcondition) . In this case the 1/16” feeler gauge shall be usedbetween the top unit load and the one beneath.

5.4.3 Drop test. Fleet Issue Unit Loads shall be tested byusinq the CornerWise Drop (Rotational) Test. All others shalluse me Edgewiee Drop Test.

5.4.3.1 Edgewise drop test. This test shall be conductedby using the procedures of Method 5008 of FED-STD-101.

5.4.3.2 Cornerwise drop (rotational) test. This test shall beconducted by using the procedures of Method 5005, FED-STD-101.The drop test shall be applied once on each bottom corner. Theheight of drop shall be selected from the following tabulation:

Gross Wt.of Unit Load (Lbs.) Ht. of Drop

500 or less .24,,

over 500 to 4000 ~*,,

4000 and up 12,!

5.4.4 Impact test. This test shall be conducted by usingeither the procedures of Method 5023 (Incline-Impact Test) , orMethod 5012 (Pendulum-Impact Test) of FED-STD-101. The velocityjust prior to impact shall be 7 feet per second, except thatFleet Issue Unit Loads shall be impacted at 10 feet per second.The test shall be performed once on each of the four sides ofthe unit load. If the incline-impact precedure is used, anoptional timber shall be employed which extends approximately9“ above the surface of the carriage.

5.4.5 Tipover test. This test is to be performed only if theweight and balance are such that the unit load will tip overwhen an edge is lifted sufficiently to form a 20-degree angle withthe floor. The procedures of Method 5018 ofFED-STD-101 shallbe used.

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MIL-STD-1660

5.4.6 Forklifting test. This test shall be conducted byusing the procedures of Method 5011 of FED-STD-101. As analternate procedure the forklift hazard course shown on Figure 1may be used.

5.4.7 Pallet truck test. Unit loads which are designed toaccept pallet trucks shall be lifted clear of the ground, trans-ported a distance of at least fifty feet, and lowered. Testshall be conducted four times, i.e. forks entering the palletfrom each side of the load. tiy tendency for unit load to beunstable while on forks, or any difficulty in inserting orremoving forks shall be cause for rejection. ,.

5.4.8 Sling compatibility test. Unit loads utilizing special :>design or non-standard pallets shall be lifted, swung, lowered :<..and otherwise handled as neceseary, using slings of the types :,..normally used for handling the unit loads under consideration.Slings shall be easily attached and removed. Danger of slippageor dieengagement when load is suspended shall be cause forrejection of the unit load. ..

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5.4.9 Disassembly test. Following all rough handling teststhe unit load may be squared up within 2 inches of its original @shape and on a flat level surface. The strapping shall then becut and removed from the palletized load. Aseembly of the load

I shall be such that it retains its unity uponstrapping.

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