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Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Characteristics
Physical Geography
Cultural Geography
Regions & States Conflicts
Ten Geographic Characteristics
1. World’s great ancient culture hearth
2. Source region or hearth for several religions
Ten Geographic Characteristics
3. Islam Predominates
4. Arab World
5. Population is clustered around water
Ten Geographic Characteristics
6. Desert Environment predominates
7. Central Pivotal Area between 3 continents. Name them---
8. Volatile area with conflicts - disputes & boundary frictions
Ten Geographic Characteristics
9. Center of superpower chess game. Who???
10. Petroleum - a key economic resource
Relative Location of Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Centrally located between Europe, Asia & Africa
Between the Atlantic/Indian and Mediterranean
Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Characteristics Physical Geography Cultural Geography Historical Geography Regions & States
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Plate Tectonics Plateaus Deserts Mountains Rivers Lakes Climates
Physical Geography Plate Tectonics
– Clashing Plates Arabian Plate into
Eurasian Plate
– Separating Plates Arabian Plate
pulling apart from African Plate
Red Sea
Physical Geography
Plateaus - Anatolian Highland
Suez Canal
Peninsulas - Saudi Arabian,
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Deserts– The Sahara Desert
(World’s largest)
– The Saudi Arabian Desert
– The Libyan Desert – Negev Desert
(Israel)
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Mountains
– Atlas Mountains (N. Africa)
– Taurus & Pontic Mts (Turkey)
– Zagros Mts. (Iran)– Hindu Kush
(Afghanistan)
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Rivers & Sea– The Nile River– The Tigris & Euphrates Rivers (Ataturk Dam)– Mediterranean Sea
Gulfs - – Persian Gulf, – Gulf of Aden &
Oman
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia
Lakes – Dead Sea (Israel- salt)– Sea of Galilee (Israel -
freshwater)
Physical Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Climates
– Desert Climates with less than 10” of rain
under high pressure latitude belt and NE trade winds
– Middle zones on Northern Africa coast & eastern coasts of Mediterranean
Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Characteristics Physical Geography Cultural Geography Regions & States
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia– Population– Languages– Religion– Agriculture– Economics/– Urban
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Population– 300 million– concentrations
along the Nile, Euphrates & Tigris & Coasts
– low overall population due to desert climate
Northern Africa Population Characteristics
– Birth rates 29/1000– Death rates 8/1000– Annual growth 2.2/1000– Infant Mortality 59/1000– Pop <15 39%– Pop > 65 4 %
Southwest Asia Population Characteristics
– Birth rates 28/1000– Death rates 7/1000– Annual growth 2.2/1000– Infant Mortality 54/1000– Pop <15 37 %– Pop > 65 5 %
Percent dying under 40 years
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Languages
– Unified by Arabic Language - An Afro-Asiatic Language
– Hebrew spoken in Israel
– Tribal languages spoken in remote areas of North Africa
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Religion– Islam - one of the world’s
great religions– Religious landscapes
of mosques, minarets, distinctive
non-revealing clothing
– Muslim - a follower of Islam (What is muezzin?)
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Religion
– Islamic Divisions Sunni Islam Shiite Islam (Iran)
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Agriculture (major occupation)
– Commercial farming in Israel (Technology) Mediterranean climate yielding citrus, avocados &
ranching
– Nomadic Herding dominates the region Bedouins – Arab nomads
– Today – giving up traditional nomadic lifestyle to move to the city
– Desertification
Cultural Geography of Northern Africa & Southwest
Asia Economy– oil dominated industry
Northern Africa Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Characteristics Physical Geography Cultural Geography Historical Geography Regions & States Conflicts
Historical Geography
Pre European Prelude Colonial Transformation First World Dependence on oil
Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Characteristics Physical Geography Cultural Geography Historical Geography Regions & States Conflicts
Regions of Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Egypt & the Nile River Basin Maghreb Arabian Peninsula Middle East The North
Egypt & the Nile Basin
Egypt & Sudan
The MaghrebMorocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan, Western Sahara
Countries within Regions
Arabian Peninsula– Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Qatar,
UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain
The Middle East– Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq,
Gaza,
Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Qualities Physical Geography Cultural Geography Historical Geography Regions & States Conflicts
Israel and the Palestinian Issue
Northern Africa & Southwest Asia
Ten Geographic Characteristics Physical Geography Cultural Geography Historical Geography Regions & States Conflicts