Non-Infectious Diseases

Health 12

Diabetes

• Diabetes - • The ____________________ makes a hormone

known as insulin to help ____________ get into the cells of our bodies.

• When you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use its own insulin as well as it should.

• This causes __________ to build up in your blood.

Diabetes continued….

• Diabetes can cause the following serious health conditions:1.2.3. 4.

** Diabetes is the _______ leading cause of death in the United States

Symptoms of Diabetes

• Frequent urination• _________________

__________• Unexplained weight

loss• _________________

___________• Sudden vision

changes

• _____________________________________________________

• Feeling very tired much of the time

• Very dry skin• ___________________

___________________• More infections than

usual

Types of Diabetes

• ________________________– juvenile-onset diabetes. Accounts for 5% of all diagnosed cases of diabetes.

• ________________________– adult-onset diabetes. Accounts for about 90% to 95% of diagnosed cases of diabetes.

• ________________________ – type of diabetes that only pregnant women get.

Risk Factors for Diabetes

• Being overweight or obese• _____________________________________________

______________• Having an ethnic background• Having prior history of gestational diabetes • Having a high blood pressure measuring

_______________________________________• Having abnormal cholesterol with HDL cholesterol is 35

or lower• _______________________________________

Diabetes

• Among Americans aged 20 years or younger, about _______________________ (1%) have diabetes

• Among Americans aged 20 years or older, ________________________(11.35) have diabetes.

• The prevalence of diabetes is greater among older people. Among Americans aged _____ years or older, 10.9 million people (26.9%) have diabetes.

Diabetes Statistics

• As of 2010, ______________________(8.3%) of the population – have diabetes. About 2 million are diagnosed each year.

• People diagnosed with diabetes have medical claims that are about ____________ higher than those without the disease.

• About $1 of $5 of health care dollars in the United States is spend caring for someone with diagnosed with diabetes.

Treatment for Diabetes

• Health eating, physical activity, and insulin injections are the basic therapies for type 1 diabetes.

• Health eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing are the basic therapies for type 2 diabetes require oral medication, insulin, or both to control their blood glucose levels.

** ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

• Coronary artery disease occurs when a substance called ___________ builds up in the arties that supply blood to the heart.–Plaque is made up of cholesterol

• Over time the arteries can narrow, this process is known as ________________________.

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

• Plaque buildup can cause ____________, the most common symptom of CAD. Causes chest pain or discomfort because the heart muscle doesn’t get enough blood. Overtime, CAD can weaken the heart muscle which can lead to heart failure. Or even arrhythmia.

• For some the first sign of CAD is _____________________. ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Important Tests

• ________________– Measures the electrical

activity, rate, and regularity of your heart

• ________________– Ultrasound to create

picture of heart

• ___________________– Measures HR while

waking on a treadmill. Helps determine

• Chest X-ray– Picture of heart, lungs, and

organs in the chest.

• ______________________________________________– Checks inside the arteries for

blockage by threading a thin flexible tube through an artery in the groin, arm , or neck to reach the coronary artery

• ____________________– Monitors blockage and flow of

blood through the heart. X-rays detect the dye

Treatment for CAD

• Eating healthy • _________________• Not smoking• Medicines to help lower cholesterol, high

blood pressure, low blood flow, and irregular heartbeats

• ____________________

CAD Statistics

• Every year about _______________ Americans have a first heart attack. Another 470,000 who have already had one or more heart attacks will have another heart attack.

• In 2010, heart disease will cost the United States ___________________. This total includes the cost of health care services, medications, and lost productivity.

Stroke

• A stroke, sometimes called a brain attack, occurs when:

Types of Stroke

• ______________________– about 85% of all strokes are ischemic, in which blood flow to the brain is blocked by blood clots or fatty deposits called plaque in the blood vessel linings.

• ______________________ – occurs when a blood vessel bursts in the brain. Blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. Two types.

Hemorrhagic Strokes

• Intracerebral hemorrhage – ___________________________________________________. Occurs when an artery in the brain bursts, flooding the surrounding tissue with blood

• Subarachnoid hemorrhage – ______________________________________________________________________________________________

Life after a stroke

• _______________________________• Weakness on one side of your body• Problems with thinking, awareness, attention, learning,

judgment, and memory• _______________________________________• Difficulty controlling or expressing emotions• _______________________________________• Pain in the hands and feet that worsens with movement

and temperature changes• _____________________

5 Common Signs of a Stroke

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Preventing a Stroke

1.2.3.4.5.

Alzheimer’s Disease

• _______________________________________________________________________.

• Involves parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language and can seriously affect a person’s ability to carry out daily activities

• ____________________________suffer from Alzheimer’s disease

• Disease usually begins after age _______, and risk goes up with age. About 5 percent of men and women ages 65 to 74 have Alzheimer’s disease

COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)

• Group of diseases that cause airflow blockage and breathing-related problems. Includes:– ______________________________________________________________________________

• Tobacco is a key factor in development and progression of COPD, air pollutants in the home/workplace, genetic factors, and respiratory infections

• Most effective treatment is, _________________________!, remove pollutants from home/workplace

Asthma

• Disease that affects your lungs by restricting ______________________________

• Asthma causes repeated episodes of _____________, breathlessness, chest tightness, and nighttime or early morning _______________________.

• How long do you have asthma?

Asthma

• Lung function test called _________________ to determine asthma or a ___________________, which measures the largest amount of air you can exhale or breathe out after taking a very deep breath

• ________________________– The air ways become smaller, the sides of the airways in your lungs swell and the airways shrink. Less air gets in and out of your lungs, and mucus that your body produces clogs up the airways even more. Also known as an episode.

Asthma Triggers

1.2.3.4.5.6.