Nomenclature

Nomenclature• The International Union of Pure and

Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) created a system of naming compounds.

• This system of naming chemical compounds is called nomenclature.

• Creates a worldwide system (like S.I. units).

Nomenclature• There are three “types” of naming, each

defined by where the first ion in the compound is located.

• These are called “pink” “green” or “blue” sections by the color of the section.

• They could also be considered S, D or P respectively based on electron orbital.

Pink Section• When the first ion is from the pink section,

say the whole name of the first ion, and replace the end of second with –ide.

• Ex: NaCl = Sodium Chloride

• Ex: MgF2 = Magnesium Fluoride

• Ex: K2O = Potassium Oxide

What is the formula for Li3N

A.) Lithium Nitride

B.) Trilithium Nitrogen

C.) Lithium (III) Nitride

D.) Lithium Trinitride

What is the name for CaO?

A.) Carbon Monoxide

B.) Calcium Oxygen

C.) Calcium Oxide

D.) Carbon Oxide

Green Section• The ions in the green section can have

multiple charges.

• Therefore we have to discern their charges with some deduction.

• Ex: CuO . . Copper must have a charge of +2 here, because it has a 1 to 1 ratio with O that has a charge of -2.

Green Section• CuO continued. . .

• Since Copper has a charge of +2, you write the name as Copper (II) Oxide.

• Ex: Fe2O3 must have a charge of +3. Therefore it is Iron (III) Oxide.

• Ex: FeO is Iron (II) Oxide.

What is the formula for Manganese (II) Chloride?

A.) Mn2Cl

B.) MnCl

C.) MgCl2

D.) MnCl2

What is the name for SnO2

A.) Tin (II) Oxide

B.) Tin (IV) Oxide

C.) Tin Oxide

D.) Tin Oxide (II)

Blue Section• If you haven’t noticed, the last ion is

always negatively charged (blue).

• When both are from the blue, it is a covalent bond.

• Since these can occur in many ways, we have to specify how many of each atom are in the compound.

Blue Section 1 – Mono 2 – Di

3 – Tri 4 – Tetra

5 – Penta 6 – Hexa

7 – Hepta 8 – Octa

9 – Non 10 - Deca

Blue Section• Simply use the appropriate prefix to

describe how many atoms are present.

• The only rule is: Don’t put mono on the first atom!

• Ex: N2O4 Dinitrogen Tetroxide

• Ex: CO2 Carbon Dioxide

Blue Section• Si2Br6:

• CO:

• P2O5:

• B2Si:

What is the name of P4O6?

A.) Phosphorus Dioxide

B.) Phosphorus (IV) Oxide

C.) Triphosphorus Pentoxide

D.) Tetraphosphorus Hexoxide

What is the formula for Trinitrogen Pentoxide

A.) N3O5

B.) N2O4

C.) N5O3

D.) N2O4

Polyatomic Ions• Sometimes multiple atoms come together

to form a single ion.

• These polyatomic ions can then bond with other ions to form compounds.

• Follow the previous rules for naming.

Polyatomic Ions

• Ex: NaNO3 Sodium Nitrate

• Ex: CaSO4 Calcium Sulfate

• Ex: FePO4 Iron (III) Phosphate

• Ex: Ca(ClO3)2 Calcium Chlorate

Remember!!

1. If first ion is in pink write its element name and replace the end of the second with –ide

2. If first ion is in green, only use roman numerals to depict its charge. I, II, III, IV, V….

3. If first ion is in blue, then use the scientific prefixes: di, tri, tetra…..