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NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN

NIGERIA

June 2009

Halilu Ahmad Shaba [email protected]
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STRUCTURE OF PRESENTATIONBACKGROUND INFORMATIONCONCEPTS

PREVALENT HAZARDS IN NIGERIA DISASTER MANAGEMENTINSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA

FUNCTIONS & RESPONSBILITIES OF NEMA ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NEMA OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES & POLICY GUIDELINES OF NEMA


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BACK GROUND INFORMATIONPopulation over 140 million

Area 923,768sq kmCoats line 843 kmWe have 2 seasons- Dry and Wet

Drought and desertification in Northernpart and accessional locustMiddle belt now a time bomb


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Divided by two rivers Drained

by a coast


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Length of the season no

longer predictable


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CLASSIFICATION OF

DISASTERS TABLENATURAL MAN-MADE HUMAN-NAT * Avalanche * Aviation * Land Deg.

* Arson * Desertification* Disease * Technology* Drought * Civil Disorder * Siltation* Earthquake * Power Outage

* Famine * Public Relation* Fire * Radiation* Flood * Siltation* Hailstorm * Space Disasters* Windstorm * Telecom Outage* Hurricane * Terrorism* Impact Event * War* Limnic Eruption* Landslide* Mudslid* Thunderstorm* Tornado* Tsunami* Volcanic Eruption* Winterstorm


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Prevalent Hazards In

NigeriaThe wide range of hazard in Nigeria includes:frequent oil spills; pipe line vandalisationincreasing levels urban industrial pollution and wasterise in the number and severity of floods, especially in Jigawa, Kano,

Sokoto,Kebbi,Zamfara,Gombe and Southern States

threat of desertification & pest infestation as in quella birds and locusts in Sokoto and the Yobe - Borno axisthe not too long reported outbreak of the dreaded avian influenza H5N1 (bird flu) loss of livelihoodsdroughts and general land use degradation gully erosion traditionally in South Eastern states and becoming pronounced in Auchi andBida.wind storms in the northern parts of the country

the rampant air crashes of 1992 to & especially 2005/6fire disasters especially market infernos Sokoto, Jos etccases of collapsed buildings in e.g Lagos, Abuja & PHethno-religious conflictsthreat to oil/gas explorations by militia Niger Delta.


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We have cases of Erosion and

deposition- sand dunes

Soil Loss


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The Above Leads toMore flood due to streams infillFacilities loss/damageDamage of Agricultural landsBuilding Collapse/instabilityEcological Damage/fragilityWater pollution/resources extinctionsLow underground water rechargeDams breakages/failures/reduced capacity


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INSTITUTIONAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER

MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIAInstitutional response to disaster inNigeria can be traced back to 1906when the Fire Brigade (now Federal FireServices) was established, with itsfunctions going beyond fire fighting to

saving of lives and property andprovision of humanitarian servicesduring emergencies.


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Between 1972 and 1973 Nigeria was hit by adevastating drought with socio-economicconsequences that caused the nation loss of lives and property worth millions of Naira.This made it important for the Government toconsider a response body to take care of disaster issues. Thus, the establishment of National Emergency Relief Agency (NERA) byDecree 48 of 1976, charged with the task of collecting and distributing relief materials todisaster victims.


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NEMA was established in March 1999via Act 12 of 1999 as amended by Act50.The Agency was saddled with theresponsibility of coordinating disastermanagement activities for the country.


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FUNCTIONS &

RESPONSBILITIES OF NEMA Disaster preparedness and mitigation;Notifying, activating, mobilizing, deploying staff and setting upthe necessary facilities for response;Evaluating and assessing disaster damage and requests;Managing Disaster Management funds;Public Information and Enlightment;Formulating policy/guidelines for Disaster Management in thecountry;Liaising with State Emergency Management Committees

(SEMCs), Regional, International bodies and NGOs to assessand monitor, and where necessary, distribute Relief materials todisaster victims.


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These functions were designed to achieve hermandate as contained in the missionstatement, which is to:

Coordinate and facilitate disastermanagement efforts aimed at reducing theloss of lives and property and protect ourlives from hazards by leading and supporting

disaster management stakeholders in acomprehensive risk based emergencymanagement program of mitigation,preparedness, response and recovery.


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ORGANIZATIONALSTRUCTURE OF NEMA

NEMA is structured into five main departments and three units;three operational and one general administration. The units aredirectly under the office of the Director General. These are;Planning Research and ForecastingSearch and RescueRelief and RehabilitationFinance and AdministrationTrainingPublic relations unit

Legal unit and Audit unit


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NEMA achieves its Disaster Managementobjectives by collaborating with:

State Governments.Local Governments.

Voluntary Organizations and

The international specialized and donoragencies.57 Disaster Response Units


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5.0 Operational Procedures and PolicyGuidelines of the National EmergencyManagement Agency (NEMA)

The National Disaster Response Plan (NDRP) The NDRP was approved by the Federal ExecutiveCouncil (FEC) of Nigeria to serve as a policy guidelinefor managing disasters in Nigeria. The Planestablishes a process and structure for thesystematic, coordinated and effective delivery of Federal assistance, to address the consequences of any major disaster or emergency declared by thePresident of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.Now we also have Search and Rescue and Epidemicevacuation plan


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Cospas-Sarsat Mission ControlCenter The Cospas-Sarsat is a satellite baseddistress alert system with locationalfacility that provides data to assist in

aviation and maritime Search andRescue operations.


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Based on theUnique

Advantage of Nigeria ascentral to Africa


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Other facilities on ground for preparednessand planning purposes include, The Geographic Information System(GIS) +

Vulnerability study of NigeriaEmergency LinesRescue HelicopterContingency stockpiling6 Zonal Offices in the 6 Geo-PoliticalZones of the Country.


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SIX ZONAL OFFICES IN THE SIX GEO-POLITICAL ZONES OF THE COUNTRY

To take disaster management to thecommunity level, the actual theatres of disasters the Management in August2006 opened up zonal offices in the SixGeo political zones of the country.


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7.0 STATE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (SEMA)

For proximity to the communities for thepurpose of communication and coordination,the Agency undertook the sensitization of States to encourage them to establish theirState Emergency Management Agencies(SEMAs) through meetings, publicenlightenment and conferences. There havebeen good reports to these initiatives becausemany states now have functional SEMAsbacked by law and with full operationalcapability.


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LOCAL GOVERNMENT EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT COMMITEES

Having realized that disasters strike atcommunities some states have heeded

to the call to establish LocalGovernment Emergency ManagementCommittees (LEMCs). The synergybetween the three jurisdictionalorganizations is what gives us theleverage to witness what we arewitnessing today.


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NEMA Organizes Trainings andSIMULATIONS


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ProblemsSize of Nigeria and diversityPoverty

Level of educationLack of proper recordWeak coordination due to conflictsInadequate positioning of stakeholders

Level of preparedness at government tiers Awareness and advocacyNo policy on data standard and sharing


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Strength

Large and willing stakeholdersSpace CharterSpace technologyDisaster policy and structures throughvarious organizationsThe Agency placement under the VicePresident


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Recent Efforts Cont,

Grass-root awareness creationSimulation and training stakeholders

Development of frame work for researchEnhancing forecasting coordinationInternational collaboration through a regional

bodyJournalist against disaster and school clubs


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