Nguyen Tien Nguyen Research Center for Energy&Environment

CDM understanding survey results in HCM and Hanoi

citiesWorkshop on Capacity Development for CDM in

Vietnam11/9/2003-Horison-Hanoi

Nguyen Tien NguyenResearch Center for Energy&Environment

Survey on CDM understanding in HN&HCM

Interviewed Occupation BreakdownAnswers received to questionnaires sentHanoi: 143/176. Achieved: 81,2%.HCM: 131/160. Achieved: 81,9%

Remark:

The share of media and public is too small(accounted for 8,03%, 7,30%).

In Hanoi, the businessmen are rather less than policymakers

The opposite situation in HCM city.

Statemanagers

Business

Researchers&

Educators

Pressmen

Public Total

Hanoi 40.56 13.99 31.47 6.29 7.69 100.00

HCM 16.03 35.11 32.06 9.92 6.87 100.00 Total 28.83 24.09 31.75 8.03 7.30 100.00


Interviewed Occupation Breakdown

28.83

24.09

31.75

8.037.30

Manager

Business

Research

Media

Public


Interviewed education breakdown,%

Statemanagers

Business Researchers&

Educators

Pressmen Public Total

1. University Hanoi 41.38 75.00 15.56 88.89 36.36 40.56 HCM 57.14 84.78 30.95 76.92 100.00 63.36 Total 45.57 81.82 22.99 81.82 65.00 51.46

2. Postgraduate Hanoi 58.62 25.00 84.44 11.11 63.64 59.44 HCM 42.86 8.70 66.67 15.38 0.00 32.82 Total 54.43 13.64 75.86 13.63 35.00 46.71

Remark:

Main part of interviewees has university and postgraduate degrees,the highest portion is in policymaker and researcher cycles.(54,43%,75,86%).

Postgraduate share of Hanoi is higher than in HCM


General CDM understanding1. KP 1 – What fields does the Kyoto protocol relate to?(Biodiversity, CC, Ozone protection,Cleaner production)

Right answer, %Managers Business Research Media Public Total

Hanoi 68.97 30.00 75.56 88.89 45.45 65.03 HCM 61.90 45.65 52.38 38.46 44.44 49.62

Total 67.09 40.91 64.37 59.09 45.00 57.66

Reamrk:

Right answer in Hanoi is higher than in HCM. Exception is for business cycle, the rightanswer in HCM is higher

The most mistken answers considered that KP relates to ozone protection


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Statemanager

Business Research Media Public Total

Tû

lÖ %

HN-RightHCM-right

HN-WrongHCM-Wrong

General CDM understanding -KP1


General CDM understanding -KP1A n s w e r f o r o z o n e p r o te c t i o n , %

M a n a g e r s B u s i n e s s R e s e a r c h M e d i a P u b l i c T o ta l H N 2 0 . 6 9 2 0 . 0 0 2 0 . 0 0 1 1 . 1 1 9 . 0 9 1 8 . 8 8 H C M 2 3 . 8 1 2 6 . 0 9 2 8 . 5 7 3 8 . 4 6 4 4 . 4 4 2 9 . 0 1

T o ta l 2 1 . 5 2 2 4 . 2 4 2 4 . 1 4 2 7 . 2 7 2 5 . 0 0 2 3 . 7 2

0

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

3 0

3 5

4 0

4 5

5 0

M a n a g e r B u s i n e s s R e s e a r c h M e d i a P u b l i c T o ta l

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T o ta l


General CDM understanding -KP2AKP2A. What below mentioned clauses ware in KP?(ODS reduction,GHG reduction commitment in all countries, omly in Annex I countries)

Right answer, %Managers Business Research Media Public Total

Right HN 56.90 40.00 62.22 44.44 45.45 54.55 HCM 42.86 54.35 38.10 7.69 11.11 39.69

Total 53.17 50.00 50.58 22.72 30.00 47.45

Remark:

Situation is similar to KP1.

Most mistakes are made by the sugestion that the GHG reductioncommitment is for all countries.


General CDM understanding -KP2A

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Manager Business Research Media Public Total

Tû

lÖ %

HN-RightHCM-Right

HN-WrongHCM-Wrong



M istakes: GH G reduction commitment for al l countr ies, %

0

5

10

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45

50

M anager B usiness R esearch M edia Publ ic T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal


General CDM understanding -KP2BKP2B. What mechanisms are defined in KP? ( Clean production, CDM, ET, J I)Right, %

Manager Business Research Media Public TotalRight

HN 32.76 0.00 28.89 11.11 27.27 25.17 HCM 14.29 2.17 4.76 7.69 11.11 6.11

Total 27.85 1.51 17.24 9.09 20.00 16.06

Remark:

Low right answer portion is for two cities, but the better answers are in HN,especially in manager and researcher cycles.

Mistakes are the answers for cleaner production.


General CDM understanding -KP2B

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10

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80

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100


Tû

lÖ %

HN-Right

HCM-Right

HN-Partlyright

HCMpartlyright


General CDM understanding -KP2BW rong answer : C leaner production, %

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5

10

15

20

25

30

35

M anager Business R esearch M edia Publ ic T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal



KP4A. Players in CDM: (All countries, Among developed, Developed anddevelping, donot know)Right, %


HN 58,62 35,00 60,00 66,67 63,64 56,64 HCM 42,86 41,30 54,76 38,46 11,11 43,51

Total 54,43 39,39 57,47 50,00 40,00 50,36

Remark:

Situation is similar to previous questions. Main part considered thatall countires can be are CDM players or among developed.



0

10

20

30

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50

60

70

80


Tû

lÖ %

HN-RightHCM-Right

HN-WrongHCM-Wrong



M ain wrong answer :al l countr ies are C D M counterparts, %

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10

20

30

40

50

60

Pol icymaker Business R esearch M edia Publ ic T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal



KP4B. Objectives of CDM: ( GHG commitmentimplementation in all countries, only indeveloped, Sustainable in developed, sustainable in developing)

Right, %Manager Business Research Media Public Total

Right

HN 32.76 10.00 33.33 44.44 18.18 29.37

HCM 19.05 21.74 19.05 0.00 0.00 16.79

Total 29.12 18.18 26.44 18.18 10.00 23.36

Remark:

Low part of right answers in all cities.

Main mistakes are the objectives of CDM are GHG reduction commitment in allcountries (50,35% in HN, 51,91% in HCM).



05

101520253035404550

Tû

lÖ %

HN-RightHCM-Right

HN-WrongHCM-Wrong


General CDM understanding -KP4BM ain mistakes, %

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

P ol icymaker B usiness R esearch M edia P ubl ic T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal


General CDM understanding -KP4C

KP4C Where CDM projects will be implemented? (In developed countries,In developing, In both, Donot know)Right answer, %


HN 43,10 30,00 46,67 11,11 54,55 41,26 HCM 47,62 21,74 21,43 15,38 0,00 23,66

Total 44,30 24,24 34,49 13,63 30,00 32,85

Remark:Low right answer in both cities. Main mistake is: CDM projects are

implemented in both developed and developing coutries



0102030405060708090

100

Polic

ymak

ers

Busin

ess

Researc

hMed

ia

Publi

cTo

tal

Tû

lÖ %

HN-RightHCM-Right

HN-WrongHCM-Wrong



W rong answer , %

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Pol icymaker businees R esearch M edia Publ ic T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal


General CDM understanding -KP5 KP5 – CDM projects can be in what sectors: (Energy efficiency&saving,Efficiency energy supply, Renewable energy, Fuel switching , ODSabatement, Forest protection, Afforest and Reforesrt,Paddy watermanagement, Clean water for rural areas, Biodiversity, Solid organic wastemanagement)Right, %


HN 10.34 0.00 15.56 0.00 0.00 9.09

HCM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Total 7.59 0.00 8.05 0.00 0.00 4.74

Remark:

The right answer in HN is better than in HCM.Sectors wrongly identified are: ozone protection, biodiversity, clean water forrural areas, organic waste. It shows the limited understanding of CDM.


General CDM understanding -KP5M ost wrong identified sector is O D S abatement, %

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

P olicymaker B usiness R esearch M edia P ublic T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal


General CDM understanding -KP6 KP6 – Benefit of VN in participation in CDM? (Comply with GHGreduction, Sustainable development, Technology transfer, Investmentattraction, Others)Right answer, %


HN 41,38 30,00 48,89 22,22 54,55 41,96

HCM 38,10 30,43 30,95 15,38 22,22 29,77

Total 40,51 30,30 40,23 18,18 40,00 36,13

Remark:

Right part is not high (about 40%) Mainly only right partly. HN is better.The main mistake is: CDM helps VN in complying with GHG abatementtarget.


General CDM understanding -KP6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Policymaker Business Research Media Public Total

Tû

lÖ %

HN-RightHCM-Right

HN-WrongHCM-Wrong


General CDM understanding -KP6Wrong answer: H elp VN to comply with GH G reduction target, %

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Policymaker Business R esearch M edia Public Total

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H CM

Total


KP and CDM status in VN-KP3 K P 3 – D id V N ratify K P ? Signed and r a tifi ed, Signed but no t r a tifi ed, donotknow )

0

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20

30

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50

60

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80

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P ol i cy m ak er B usiness R esearch M edia P ubl i c T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N -R ight

H C M -R ight

H N -W rong

H C M -W rong


KP and CDM status in VN-KP3

H N i s better. M any donot k now about K P ratifi cation of V N .

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15

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40

45

P ol i cym ak er B usiness R esearch M edia P ubl i c T otal

Tû lÖ

%

H N

H C M

T otal


KP and CDM status in VN-T2.1,T4.1

T2.1 – CDM legal framework in VNAll answers: Not adequate

T4.1. Can your enterprise develop CDM project? In whatsectors?

Two cities are favorable for EE&ES, then Fuel switching andRenewable energy.


KP and CDM status in VN-T.6 4. T6 - SD indicators, %

Indicator High Medium Low

- Economics

Economy growth 62.04 25.55 0.73

ExImport 23.36 47.81 1.09

- Environment

GHG 56.21 23.35 3.65

Waste 51.46 30.66 3.29

Ecology 50.00 30.29 1.10

- Social-Institutional

Poverty eradication 53.29 29.56 2.19

Quality if life 63.36 27.48 0.00

HN prefers more to economic growth while HCM prefers the quality oflife


CDM development in VN T1.1 – Information sources (CDM)

Assessment Newspaper Broadcast TV Workshop Others

No. rare 63.14 66.79 64.23 50.36 10.58

Medium 25.18 13.50 21.53 28.83 1.10

Rich 6.57 1.83 8.03 9.85 1.10

T1.2 – Your proposal on information measures

Ranking High Medium Low

Publications 45.62 37.23 5.84

Creating website 24.82 44.16 17.88

Newspaper 68.62 24.82 2.19

TV-Broadcast 66.06 27.01 1.10

Forum-Workshop 31.02 52.19 7.30


CDM development in VN

T2.2 – Lega l issues ?Manager Business Research Media Public Total

On project type 56,96 27,27 45,98 18,18 65,00 43,80

On finance mechnism 63,29 39,40 56,32 50,00 70,00 54,74

On management andimplementationmechnism 87,35 80,30 93,11 86,36 75,00 86,50

T2.3 – What institutions are good for legal building? (Three only)HN HCM Total

Finacial 59.44 41.98 51.09Planing and Investment 65.73 69.47 67.52Science&Technology 71.33 77.10 74.09Natural resources&Environment 93.71 91.60 92.70Foreign affair 14.69 10.69 12.78Others 2.10 1.53 1.83



T3.1 Where is DNA situated ?Almost 100% suppose DNA to be put in Ministry of Natural

resources&Environment

T3.2. Main functions of DNA ?

Ranking High Medium Low

CDM project criteria 47.08 31.75 1.83

CDM activities coordination 57.66 23.72 1.46

International relation 45.25 30.66 1.46

CDM project validation 40.51 39.05 2.56

CDM manpower development 44.89 33.57 4.38



T3.1 B/ Who will be in national EB.Ministry HN HCM Total

MONRE 94.41 96.95 95.62MOF 83.92 73.28 78.83MOFA 50.35 45.04 47.81MPI 81.82 82.44 82.12MOST 85.31 87.79 86.50MOI 83.92 80.15 82.12MARD 71.33 57.25 64.60MOTransport 41.26 38.17 39.78MOT 3.50 8.40 5.84MOJutist 16.78 24.43 20.44Mof Education 28.67 17.56 23.36Union of science and technology 30.77 28.24 29.56Others 6.99 1.53 4.38



T4.2. What is need for your CDM developmentManager Business Research Media Public Total

Domestic consultancy 40.51 46.97 40.23 40.91 45.00 42.34

Foreign consultancy 48.10 42.43 43.68 27.27 55.00 44.16

Domestic investors 25.32 30.31 29.89 22.72 20.00 27.37

Foreign investor 45.57 28.79 48.28 27.27 55.00 41.61



T5.1. Has Your institution manpower, plan in CDM study?

(For research and education institutions) : Most interviewed institutions

are planing to develop CDM researchsT5.2. Your need for plan implementation?

HN HCM Total

References, Document 72,73 74,81 73,72

Training 65,03 48,85 57,29

Participation in research 46,85 32,06 39,78

Manpower34,97 29,01 32,12

CDM strategy 39,16 22,14 31,02

Documents

Nguyen Tien Nguyen Research Center for Energy&Environment