INTRODUCTION:

Before 1950s - Natural, Synthetic and Regenerated Fibers.After 1950s

High strength & High modulus organic fibers High chemical- and combustion-resistan organic fiber High performance inorganic fibers Ultra-fine and novelty fibers.

New Regenerated Fibers Bamboo Fiber Milk Fiber

New Protein Fiber Soybean Fiber

DEODORISATION:

The anti-microbial property in the bamboo fiber helps to reduce bacteria that thrive on clothing and cause unpleasant odors. It can also kills odors causing bacteria that lives on the skin, making the wearer and their cloth smell less. In addition Bamboo fabric has insulating properties and will keep the wearer cooler in summer and warmer in winter.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION:

Bamboo culms – 90% of Cellulose, Hemi cellulose & Lignin.

2-6% starch, 2% deoxidized saccharide, 2-4% fat, and 0.8-6 % protein.

The carbohydrate content of Bamboo plays an important role in its Durability and service life.

The Natural Durability of Bamboo varies between 1 and 36 months depending on the species and climatic condition.

The Different species of Bamboo that are used for Bamboo fiber production are listed below

Bambusa Dendrocalamus Drepanostachyum Thamnocalamus Arundinaria

Item Reference dataDry tensile strength(CN/dtex) 2.33Wet tensile strength(CN/dtex) 1.37Dry elongation at break (%) 23.8

Linear density percentage of deviation (%) -1.8Percentage of length deviation (%) -1.8

Over length staple fiber (%) 0.2Overcut fiber(mg/100g) 6.2

Residual sulfur(mg/100g) 9.2Defect(mg/100g) 6.4

Oil-stained fiber(mg/100g) 0Coefficient of dry tenacity variation (CV)(%) 13.42

Whiteness (%) 69.6Oil content (%) 0.17

Moisture regain (%) 13.03Rate Grade A

Bamboo Yarn:Bamboo Yarns are stronger than Viscose yarns by about 8%, but lower than cotton yarns by about 20%.

Quality characteristics of Bamboo yarn match with Uster 5% for elongation, Uster 50% for evenness, & imperfection betweens between 50% & 95% Rkm value of 100% viscose yarn statistics.

While blending with cotton , the actual values of Bamboo /cotton blended yarns are substantially lower as compared to what expected. Hence in a bamboo/cotton blend, the proportion of cotton need to be kept lower than 25% to 30%.

Yarn Test Results given by SITRA:

Quality Attributes

30s H 40s H

100% B

100% V

100% C

100% B

100% V

100% C

1. Tenacity (cN/tex) 15.80 14.50 20.24 14.60 13.50 18.10

2. Breaking Elongation (%)

13.90 11.50 5.50 13.00 11.00 5.60

3. Unevenness (%) 9.90 9.80 10.05 11.00 11.10 11.30

4. Imperfections/Km - Thin places (-

50%) - Thick places

(+50%) - Neps (+200%)

5.025.035.0

6.020.038.0

2.021.045.0

15.040.085.0

17.033.082.0

5.030.078.0

Total 65.0 64.0 68.0 140.0 132.0 113.0

5. *S3 value (Hairs/100m)

1160 1182 1785 1197 1080 1693

Blended Yarn Results:Tenacity:

Ten

acity

(cN

/tex)

Bamboo/cotton Bamboo/Viscose

Elo

ngat

ion

(%)

Bamboo/cotton Bamboo/Viscose

Elongation:

S3

Val

ue (

No.

of H

airs

/100

m)

Bamboo/cotton Bamboo/Viscose

Hairiness:

Color Fastness of Bamboo Fabric

Inspection item Accepted level Unit Results Conclusion

Fastness against washing

Fading 4 Level 4-5 Eligible

Stained with color 4 Level 4-5 Eligible

Bamboo Yarn Manufacturers: 1) M/s. China Bambro Textile Co. Ltd, Bejing, China.

Bamboo Yarn Spinners in India: 1) Rajasthan Spinning Mills, Banswara 2) Sri Kanapiran spinners, Coimbatore. 3) Cheran Spinners, Erode.

Cost of Bamboo Fiber: Rs. 170-190 / Kg

Kinds of amino-acid

Actual dataKinds of amino-

acidActual data

Aspartic acid 2.039 Methionine 0.7587

Threonine 0.9918 Isoleucine 1.101

Serine 1.429 Leucine 2.493

Glutamic acid 5.549 Tyrosine 1.572

Pro. 2.529 Phe. 1.331

Glycocoll 0.5259 Lysine 2.289

Alanine 0.9037 Histidine 0.8602

Cystine 0.0815 Arginine 0.9246

Val. 1.71 Tryptophan 0.1831

Sl No Item name Index1 Fiber tenacity (dtex) 0.8-3

2 Breaking tenacity (cN/dtex) 2.5-3.5

3 Breaking elongation rate (%) 25-35

4 Modulus (cN/dtex) 60-80

5 Standard moisture regain(%) 5.5

6 Specific resistance 1.5×104

7Static friction coefficient 0.187

Dynamic friction coefficient 0.214

8

Color fastness to washing 4-5 grade

Fastness to crocking 4-5 grade

Fastness to perspiration 4-5 grade

Color fastness to light 4 grade

9 Pilling resistance 3-4 grade

10 Content of formol 0

PropertyMilk protein

fiberCotton Silk Wool

Length (mm) 38 25-39 ----- 58-100

Fineness (dtex) 1.52 1.2-2.0 1.0-2.8 6-9

*Dry tensile strength (CN/dtex) 2.8 1.9-3.1 3.8-4.0 2.6-3.5

*Dry breaking elongation rate (%) 25-35 7-10 11-16 14-25

Wet tensile strength (CN/dtex) 2.4 3.2 2.1-2.8 0.8

Wet breaking elongation rate (%) 28.8 13 27-33 50

Friction coefficient (static) 0.187 0.52 0.24

Friction coefficient (dynamic) 0.214 0.26 0.384

Logarithm of mass specific resistance (Wg/ cm2)

9.1 6.8 9.8 8.4

*Initial modulus (CN/dtex) 60-80 60-82 60-80 44-88

Moisture regain (%) 5-8 7-8 8-9 15-17

Specific weight (g/cm3) 1.22 1.50-1.54 1.46-1.52 1.34-1.38

Soybean protein fiber:

Soybean Protein Fiber or SPF is the only renewable botanic protein fiber we can touch today.

SPF is a unique Active Fiber. This fiber comes from soybean, a plant massive in

sourcing and rich in nutrition. People usually eat soybean but now are able to wear it. Its 16 amino acids are healthy and nutritional to people's

skin. Its moisture absorption, ventilation, draping and warmth

cover the superior performances of natural fibers and synthetic ones.

You will never have felt such softness, comfort and smoothness before; it is a feeling like "skin on skin".

Production Technique: Soybean Protein Fiber is an advanced textile fiber. It is

made from the Soybean cake after oiling by new bioengineering technology.

Firstly, the spherical protein is distilled from the soybean cake and refined.

Secondly, under the functioning of auxiliary agent and biological enzyme, the space structure of spherical protein changes, and then protein spinning liquid is confected by adding high polymers.

Then thirdly, after the liquid is cooked, the 0.9~3.0dtex fiber is produced by wet spinning, and stabilized by acetalizing.

Finally cut into short staples after curling and thermoforming.

Characters of Fabrics from SPF and Its

Blends: Fabric from pure soybean protein fiber: its color

is natural and pure with abundant fluff on the surface without pilling, excellent hand and drape and softness.

Fabric from soybean protein fiber blended with combed cotton: compared to cotton fabrics, it has softer hand, better moisture absorption and ventilation, better bacteria resistance, more comfort for wearing.

Fabric from soybean protein fiber blended with polyester and other synthetic fibers: The blends raise the properties of comfort, beauty and wrinkling resistance.

Fabric from soybean protein fiber blended with silk: It has not only luster and elegance of silk but also a good draping.

Applications: Apparel Bedding T-Shirts Pullovers and sweaters Underwear

Wearing Values: Coolness Comfortable Health Care Mechanical property Good color fastness Soft and smooth