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EBC Solid Waste Leadership Webinar:
New England Regional Conference of
State Solid Waste Directors
Welcome
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
David Murphy
Chair, EBC Solid Waste Management Committee
Vice President, Tighe & Bond, Inc.
Thank you to our Sponsors
Program Introduction
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
Steve Wright
Program Chair and Moderator
Vice President, Sanborn, Head & Associates
Solid Waste Management Issues: Massachusetts
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
John Fischer
Deputy Division Director
Solid Waste Materials Management
Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection
EBC Solid Waste Directors Meeting
June 19, 2020
1. Solid Waste Master Plan Provides overall policy framework and direction
Final 2030 Plan still under review at MassDEP
Next steps - Finalize plan and begin implementation
New and updated Action Plans for:
Reduce & Reduction
Market Development
C&D Materials
Organics
Regulation review of 310 CMR 16.00 and 19.000
2. Recycling Markets & Contamination Values for many recyclables are low (though some
recent rebounds)
Recycling system burdened by cost of high contamination levels
Recycling Market Development
Recycling Business Development Grants
Recycling Loan Fund
Develop Comprehensive Action Plan
2. Recycling Markets & Contamination (cont.) Recycling IQ Kit
Boots on the ground local approach
Recycle Smart
Statewide initiative to raise awareness
Social media, Partner organizations
3. Management Capacity Materials Management Capacity Study
In state disposal capacity fully utilized
C&D processing and organics (AD) – capacity available
Transfer capacity available
Growth in rail transfer projects & capacity
Moratorium – propose to allow replacement WTE capacity within current limits
Recycling market development – grow recycling capacity
4. Waste Ban Compliance Continued non compliance observed in waste ban
inspections
About 1 in 4 loads are failed loads
Since 2013 issued nearly 1,200 NONs and 60 penalties
½ of penalties since start of 2019
Will begin to resume inspections this week
5. Waste Reduction Target Areas Greatest diversion potential
Food
Cardboard
Wood
Textiles
Bulky Materials
Difficult to recycle – reduce or phase out
Single use packaging
5. Waste Reduction Target Areas Reuse & donation opportunities
Food donation
Building materials
Office furniture & equipment
Textiles & durable household goods
Local market opportunities
Food scraps
Mattresses
Glass
Textiles
Contact InformationJohn Fischer
Deputy Division Director, Solid Waste
Solid Waste Management Issues: Maine
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
Paula Clark
Director, Division of Materials Management
Bureau of Remediation and Waste Management
Maine Department of Environmental Protection
Solid Waste
Management Issues
in Maine - 2020
MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Protecting Maine’s Air, Land and Water
Paula Clark, Director
Division of Materials Management
Bureau of Remediation and Waste Management
Issues for Maine
• Product Stewardship Legislation
✓ Packaging
✓ Drug Take-back
✓ Single Use Bag Ban
• Definition of “Waste Generated Within the State”
• Waste Diversion and Recycling
• PFAS Initiatives
MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep
Product Stewardship Legislation:
Packaging
• LD 2104 – An Act to Support and Increase the Recycling of Packaging
• Provide financial support to municipalities
• Decrease volume and toxicity of packaging
• Increase recycling and improve recycling outcomes
• Stewardship organization selected through competitive bid process to manage payments and investments
• Producers pay packaging fees; can lower cost by distributing less, redesign and alternative collection programs
• MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep
Product Stewardship Legislation:
Drug Take-Back• LD 1460 – An Act to Support Collection and Proper Disposal of
Unwanted Drugs
• Manufacturers required to participate (individually or collectively) in a drug take-back stewardship program
• Stewardship plans require DEP approval; must address collection, tracking, handling, education/outreach, measurement, performance goals and
financing
• “Mandatory pharmacy collectors” and
“authorized collectors”
Product Stewardship Legislation:
Single Use Bag Ban
• Public Law 2019 Chapter 346 – “An Act to Eliminate Single-Use Plastic Carry-Out Bags”
• Bans single-use bags but included certain exemptions (e.g. bags for prescription medications, tires and newspapers)
• Allows alternative use of recycled paper or reusable plastic bags if charge a fee of at least 5 cents
• Preempts municipal regulation of single-use bags
• Legislation addressing pandemic issues extended effective date of certain single-use bag restrictions from April 22, 2020 to January 15, 2021 and established March 17, 2020 as the municipal preemption date
MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep
Definition of “Waste Generated
Within the State”• LD 401 - An Act to Preserve State Landfill Capacity and Promote
Recycling
• “Waste that is generated within the State” redefined
• State-owned landfills authorized by law to accept only in-state generated waste
• Processing residues from Maine facilities considered in-state waste
• Waste processing facilities required by law to “recycle to the maximum extent practicable but in no case less than 50%”
• At least 50% characterized as recycled must be by methods other than placement in a landfill (e.g. as ADC)
• Alternative standard for certain processing facilities
• Stakeholder submission of a petition for rulemaking
Waste Diversion and Recycling
• Continuing priorities in accordance with the 2019 State Materials Management Plan
• Continued focus on Food Recovery Hierarchy
• Maine Solid Waste Diversion Grant Program
MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep
PFAS Initiatives
• Directive to licensed facilities to sample/analyze for PFOA, PFOS, PFBS – Spring 2019
• Approval required for continued land application and distribution
• Data for 52 sludges, 17 composts, 8
paper mill residuals, 86 site soils
• Ongoing testing requirements
• Final Report of the Governor’s PFAS
task force issued in January 2020
MAINE DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION www.maine.gov/dep
PFAS Testing ProgramSludge and Compost Sampling Locations
Solid Waste Management Issues: Connecticut
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
Robert Isner
Director
Waste Engineering and Enforcement Division
Connecticut Dept. of Energy & Environmental Protection
Connecticut Department ofEnergy and Environmental Protection
Robert Isner, CT DEEPJune 19, 2020
Virtual Meeting
Overview
• COVID-19• CMMS CT’s Solid Waste Plan
(Comprehensive Materials Management Strategy)
• MIRA RFP• PFAS• Compliance Assurance
COVID-19
• Emergency Declaration (EO7, 3/12/20)
• New Terminology
• DEEP Telework
• Waste Sector dialog
• EO7N – Essential Business
• Risk Messaging - Bottle Bill & Bags
• Enforcement Discretion
• CT Phase 2 Reopening – 6/17/20
• What’s next
Comprehensive Materials Management Strategy
The “CMMS”
• 2016 update, Solid Waste Management Plan
- Hierarchy / self-sufficiency
• 3 Pillars
– Improve municipal performance
– Develop/improve conversion technologies
– EPR
• Track CMMS progress at CMMS webpage
What’s Still in Connecticut’s Trash? (as of 2015)
• No active municipal MSW landfills
• Manchester LDF, open/ non-MSW
- (C&D, soils, bulky waste)
• few municipal only bulky waste landfills
• 5 remaining WtE/RRFs
- 2 big, 2,000TPD Hartford/Bridgeport
- 3 small (Bristol/Lisbon/Preston)
- 2 closed (Wallingford RRF/Sterling tire RRF)
• 1 Ash landfill, Wheelabrator/Putnam
-2019 expansion app. pending = 30+ yrs
• 1 Wood Fuel only WtE facility, Plainfield
Capacity & CT Infrastructure
• Municipal outreach to adopt unit-based pricing systems
(EPA SMART model, good fiscal option)
• Organics focus: Anaerobic Digestion; Commercial composting; Residential Composting; Donation/diversion - recycling of organics
• Product Stewardship / Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) approaches
Transformation Strategies
• 4 Commercial ADs permitted facilities(Bridgeport, 2 – Southington, North Haven)
> Supreme/Quantum Biopower Southington
> 3 other projects pending construction
• Many preapplication discussions
• 2 Commercial Composting facilities(Ellington, New Milford)
• Small scale muni & community projects
• Interactive GIS Map of large scale food residual generators and processing facilities
Conversion TechnologiesAnaerobic Digestion
MIRA RFP ( Public Act 14-94 )
• Resource Rediscovery webpage
- All publicly available info
• RFP background/schedule/scope
-Nov.’15 – Dec.’17 proposal review/selection
-2018-2020 contract negotiations
• Status
- Contract teams (MIRA/SRRT) near impasse
- 5/28/20 MIRA vote to end process on 8/31/20
• Next Steps, uncertain:
> MIRA to resolve large-scale financing???
> Develop options consistent with CMMS???
PFAS• WPLR/Remediation Div. PFAS webpage
• What are PFAS?
• Known PFAS SourcesToxicity and Health Effects
• PFAS ResourcesConnecticut PFAS History
• PFAS Task Force
• Interagency Task Force homepage– OTG, DEEP & DPH led
– Listserv
– 11/4/2019 Report & Action plan
Connecticut Department of Energy & Environmental Protection
1
1
CT INTERAGENCY PFAS TASK FORCE
- Task Force goals:
- Identify impacts to health and environment
- Listen to stakeholders’ concerns
- Identify actions to address impacts
DraftAction Plan
to Governor
10/1
Task Force
Meeting 1
7/30
Task ForceMeeting 2
8/28
Task Force
Meeting 3
9/18
Governor establishe
s Task Force
7/8
Public comment
period
Committee meetings
Final Action Plan to
Governor
11/110/15
Committee meetings
PFAS• Next Steps (within funding & staff)
– Ongoing stakeholder dialog/collaboration
– Develop standards
Ambient/surface water; landfills, composting & biosolids; action levels, etc.
– AFFF Municipal Takeback program (CT DESPP)
– RFP - Environmental media sampling
– Modify regulatory controls
(permits, regulations, SOPs)
– Capital investment with DPH for equipment
(State Health lab instrumentation)
– Ongoing technical guidance
(sampling & analysis methods & protocols, etc.)
Compliance Assurance• DEEP’s Compliance Assurance Policy
– Balanced assistance, permits/enforcement
• 20 By 20 Initiative
- 6/2019, Comm Dykes-deliver DEEP mission “Predictably, Efficiently, & Transparently”
- Listserv available for email updates
- Many Permit Goals,
#3 includes legacy SW legacy permit apps
- EPA ELMS (Enviro Lean Management System)
adopted for SW weekly tracking/action
• COMPASS (Compliance Assistance)
- Continuous thru COVID-19
• Recycling Enforcement & Education
Compliance Assurance• Waste Program Compliance Monitoring
- Reduced & ongoing during COVID-19
• DEEP Enforcement Discretion Statement
- parallels CT Emergency Declaration (EO7)
• Developing Social Distancing SOPs
• What to expect:
- some traditional inspections (COVID safe)
- more data reviews & remote sensing
- enforcement correspondence; self-audits, PIQ, Key indicators (no records)
- RESPOND if asked, No-Response = prioritized for inspection or formal tools
• Dialog with EPA & state peers
Contacts & Assistance:
- ct.gov/deep
- DEEP COVID-19 Response
- COMPASS (Compliance Assistance Line)(888) 424-4193
- SWAC / HWAC (Advisory Committees)
- RecycleCT
- PFAS webpage
Robert Isner, (860) [email protected]
Solid Waste Management Issues: New Hampshire
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
Michael Wimsatt
Director, Waste Management Division
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
1
Mike Wimsatt, Director, Waste Management Division
NH Department of Environmental Services
EBC Solid Waste Management Webinar
New England Regional Conference of State Solid Waste Directors
June 19, 2020
2
▪ Statute establishes preferences, but agency’s ability to
influence is limited
▪ Landfilling plays outsized role in state’s infrastructure,
contrary to hierarchy
▪ Waste-to-Energy facing
pressures, limited
diversion infrastructure
Challenge No. 1Incentivizing an Integrated SW Management System
3
▪ 300+ closed, unlined landfills – largely municipally owned
▪ Monitoring/maintenance requirements are performance-
based, not time-based
▪ Post-closure period ends once landfill no longer poses risk
to human health or the environment
Challenge No. 2Closed Landfill Management
▪ Emerging contaminant challenges
highlight importance of post-
closure care
4
▪ Presence of PFAS in LF leachate
▪ Implications for leachate management if
WWTF’s won’t accept
▪Higher risk-aversion – LF’s more cautious
about accepting wastes, including soils,
with high PFAS concentrations
▪ Alternative treatment methods - need
for further investigation
Challenge No. 3Perfluorochemicals & Other Emerging Contaminants
5
▪ Challenges advancing longer-term initiatives and robustly
engaging with stakeholders
▪ State Solid Waste Management Plan
▪ Rule re-adoption (2024)
▪ Key rule revisions
▪ Composting rules overhaul
▪ General permits for selected facility types
▪ Interacting with legislature to advance SW management
issues
Challenge No. 4Planning & Engagement
6
▪ Lack of dedicated SW program fund – reliance on general funds
▪ Lack of resources due to successive general fund constraints
▪ Recent retirements, combined with challenges back-filling
(esp. engineering/permitting positions)
▪ Affects agency’s ability to address critical SW challenges
Challenge No. 5Staffing & Program Resources
7
Five Critical SW Management Challengesfor New Hampshire
1. Incentivizing an Integrated SW Management System
2. Closed Landfill Management
3. Perfluorochemicals & Other Emerging Contaminants
4. Planning & Engagement
5. Staffing & Program Resources
8
Mike Wimsatt, (603) 271-1997
Jaime Colby, (603) 271-5185
Michael Nork, (603) 271-2936
Thank you!
Solid Waste Management Issues: Rhode Island
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
Mark Dennen
Supervising Environmental Scientist
Office of Land Revitalization & Sustainable Materials
Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management
SOLID WASTE UPDATES FOR Rhode Island
Mark Dennen, CPG- Supervising Environmental Scientist
Robert Schmidt, Environmental Engineer
RIDEM/ Office of Land Revitalization and Sustainable Materials Management
Solid Waste Topics
Medical Waste/Covid 19 Anaerobic Digestion/Food Waste Solar Development at Landfills Permitting and Enforcement Upgrades to Solid Waste Facilities
Overview of Waste Management in Rhode Island
1 Large Active Landfill run by Rhode Island Resource Recovery Corp. (pseudo-state Corporation) Also runs large scale composting and recycling program
Incineration discouraged by statute
Slated to close after current 2 phases (2030?)
1 small municipal landfill (closing winter 2020) 1 Large C&D Processing Facility (2000 tons/day) 1 Large Anaerobic Digester (in construction- 200 tons/day) 1 Large Medical Waste processing facility
Potential New Facilities
1 New C&D Transfer Station (North Kingstown) 1 transfer station and C&D Processing facility application in
Providence is no longer going to proceed. 1 Medical Waste Facility in West Warwick is in the application
process for Pyrolysis
REGULATED MEDICAL WASTE
Expectation of huge increase in regulated medical waste due to COVID-19 Not realized.
COVID-19 Waste does not need special handling as its survivability and mechanism of transmission not different from other pathogens.
Many firms doing “COVID-19 Cleaning” meaning aggressive cleaning of residential and businesses. Rags, etc, generated from these do not meet definition of Regulated Medical Waste and are therefore solid waste.
Facilities have emphasized hazards in overmanaging non-medical waste (furniture, rugs, etc.) hard to treat.
MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT
1 Large Facility (Stericycle) handles most of New England’s Waste Capacity recently increased from 90-153 tons/day
Waste treated in 2 large Autoclaves and 1 sharps autoclave
BUD for treated needles no longer active
Incineration for red bag waste
Pyrolysis
RI composting facility regulations 1 Large Anaerobic Digester 1 Agricultural Compost Operations 2 Smaller Putrescible Waste Operations Leaf and Yard Composting at 17 other sites
Anaerobic Digester
Anaerobic Digester Residual Disposal
Site in Tiverton was accepting partially empty containers from Anaerobic Digester in MA together with other food waste
Bob will edit this. Severe odor issues Shut down
History of A.D. Facility Regulation Usage
1. Current applicant (Orbit Energy): Approx. 200 tons/day organic input Wet digestion process Methane- 3.2 MW combined with power production Solid digestate- compost facility input Has secured air permit and wastewater discharge permits Still fine tuning process not up to speed
Solar at Landfill
RIDEM is encouraging solar arrays at landfills. New Solid Waste Regulations may give some relief from stormwater
and wetlands for solar on closed landfill footprint. Tiverton landfill currently closing may use closure turf to facilitate
solar. Site with and without engineered cap are continuing to undergo
solar development
Regulatory Compliance at Solid Waste Facilities
Management of waste in enclosed buildings Management of leachate Litter Control Odor Control
For More Information:
Mark Dennen, CPG Supervising Environmental ScientistRIDEM/Office of Waste Management
235 Promenade St.Providence, RI 02908
tel. 401.222.2797 ext. 7502fax 401.222.3812
e-mail: [email protected]
Solid Waste Management Issues: Vermont
Environmental Business Council of New England
Energy Environment Economy
Cathy Jamieson
Solid Waste Program Manager
Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation
EBC of New EnglandCritical Solid Waste Issues
June 2020 WebinarCathy Jamieson
Solid Waste Program
Critical Solid WasteIssuesforVermont
PFAS and Landfills
Sustainability of Recycling
Climate Change / LCAsWaste ReductionFood WasteSUPs / Purchase Info
VermontPFAS Sampling Studies
Waste Streams
Landfill Leachate and WWTFs
Leachate Treatment Options
www.dec.vermont.gov/pfas
Link to NEWMOA webinar with Kasey Kathan of VT DEC:
http://www.newmoa.org/events/event.cfm?m=409
NEWSVT Waste Stream PFASSampling
Sanborn & Head Report(Oct 2019)
Leachate and WWTFsPFASSampling
Weston & Sampson Report (Jan 2020) 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Ave
rage
of
Sum
of
5 P
FAS
pp
t
Summary of Sum of 5 Regulated PFAS at all WWTF Facilities Sampled
Influent Effluent
PFAS Leachate TreatmentOptions
Brown & Caldwell Report (Oct 2019)
Requirement: Evaluate leachate treatment options for PFAS; recommend 2 onsite and 2 off-site options
Recommendations: Direct Discharge to Surface Water – reverse osmosis followed by
granulated activated carbon
Zero Liquid Discharge – leachate concentration (evaporation)
Pretreat leachate before WWTF
Enhance WWTF to treat all effluent
Challenges: Treatment options concentrate or capture PFAS – residuals must be
stabilized or destroyed
Private public partnerships required for options at WWTF
No promulgated treatment or discharge standard – scoped for full removal of PFAS
Sustainability of Recycling
China Sword
Contamination
Mixed Messages
Packaging Changes
Multi-material
Packaging
MRF Automation
Commingled collection
Market Fluctuation
Wishcycling
Challengeswith Recycling
High Volume
Contamination
Packaging is Changing / Complex
Inability to influence product or packaging design/choices
Low value of materials, while costs are increasing
If not recycled, then what? Add to disposal issues?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzZ2fu38NTs&list=PLb5jIRj04Vi9K_60xb8nvmALZ74tEIiHs
Vermont’s SUPs Ban Law:
Plastic Bags
Plastic Straws
Expanded Polystyrene
and stirrers
States are considering …
Banning sales of certain products or packaging,Single Use items
Expanding Bottle Bills
Mandating post-consumer recycled content in certain products/packaging
EPR for Printed Materials and Packaging
118 EPR
Programsin
33 States and D.C.
To date, no state has passed EPR for paper & packaging.
Climate Change and Solid Waste
Consumption/ Disposal of Goods
Reduction
Food Waste
SUP / Purchase Info
EPA GHGe
Source: Opportunities to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions through Materials and Land Management Practices, US EPA - Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (September 2009) –http://www.epa.gov/oswer/docs/ghg_land_and_materials_management.pdf#22
System BasedEPA GHGe
Reduction isGreatest Benefit
Same Source as previous slide
Wasted Food and Food Waste
Multiple BenefitsFor Diverting Food Waste
Vermont’s Mandatory Food WasteDiversionLaw
Phases for larger food scrap generators, if there is a facility within 20 miles
2014 > 104 tons/year 2 tons/wk
2015 > 52 tons/year 1 ton/wk
2016 > 26 tons/year 1/2 ton/wk
2017 > 18 tons/year 1/3 ton/wk
July 1, 2020 all food scraps banned from disposal regardless of distance
Single-Use ProductsLegislation
How much plastic single-use products are disposed?
BBC Link:
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-49011896
