Name: ________________

Chapter:

The French Revolution

Document Analysis: STOP

Source/Fuente Where did we get it?

Primary Source?

Secondary Source?

Author?

Topic/Tema What is it about?

Event?

Problem? Person?

Time Period?

Observations/

Observaciones What do you see?

Symbols?

Actions?

Point/Punto What is the significance?

What did we learn?

Importance?

Message?

What was the French Revolution? / ¿Qué fue la Revolución Francesa?

French Revolution

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I. What were the long-term causes of the French Revolution?

¿Cuáles fueron las causas a largo plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

Document #1:

. . . Powers of the king.—The King, Louis XVI, was absolute. He ruled by the divine right theory which held that

he had received his power to govern from God and was therefore responsible to God alone. He appointed all civil

officials and military officers. He made and enforced the laws. He could declare war and make peace. He levied

taxes and spent the people’s money as he saw fit. He controlled the expression of thought by a strict censorship of

speech and press. By means of lettres de cachet (sealed letters which were really blank warrants for arrest) he

could arbitrarily imprison anyone without trial for an indefinite period. He lived in his magnificent palace at

Versailles, completely oblivious to the rising tide of popular discontent. . . .

Source: Friedman & Foner, A Genetic Approach to Modern European History, College Entrance Book Co., 1938

1. According to this document by Friedman & Foner, identify 2 ways King Louis XVI ruled with absolute power? ¿Según este documento por Friedman y Foner, identifique 2 formas en que el rey Luis XVI gobernó con poder absoluto?

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2. Based on this document, what is 1 long-term cause of the French Revolution?

¿Basándose en este documento, qué es 1 causas a largo plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

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Document #2:

The laws of the government must be designed for no other reason, but the good of the people. They must not raise taxes on the property of the people, without the consent of the people. And this properly concerns only

such governments where the legislative not a king is always, chosen by the people. Lastly, the legislative must not transfer the power of making laws to anybody else but to the people to have…

Source: John Locke, Second Treatise on Government (1690)

1. Give 2 characteristics of the type of government in which John Locke wants.

Dé 2 características de la forma de gobierno en que John Locke quiere.

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2. Based on this document, what is 1 long-term cause of the French Revolution?

¿Basándose en este documento, qué es 1 causas a largo plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

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*Connecting Ideas/Conectando las Ideas:

The Spread of Enlightenment Ideas / La Extension de ideas de la Ilustración

Voltaire Montesquieu Rousseau Locke

Document # 3:

1. Based on this document, what is 1 long-term cause

of the French Revolution?

¿Basado en este documento, qué es 1 causas

a largo plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

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Document # 4:

1. Based on these graphs, which estate made up the largest population?

¿Basado en estos gráficos, cual estado hizo la mayor población?

___________________________________________________________________ 2. Based on this graphs, who do you think would begin the French Revolution and why?

¿Basado en estos gráficos, quién crees que comenzaría la Revolución Francesa y por qué?

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1st

Estate

2nd

Estate

Estate

3rd

Estate

1. Write the numbers 1, 2, and 3 next to each of the men that

represents each of the different estates. / Escriba los números 1,

2 y 3 al lado de cada uno de los hombres que representa cada

uno de los diferentes estados.

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2. Based on this document, what is 1 long-term cause of the

French Revolution? / ¿Basándose en este documento, qué es 1

causas a largo plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

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______________________________________ Document # 6:

The condition of France alone did not bring about the overthrow of the monarchy…. for the sufferings of the

people were not greater than they had been before. The ideas of the philosophs [Enlightenment thinkers] were

not directly responsible for the outbreak … [but] the spark that changed thought into action was supplied by the

Declaration of American Independence… The American example caused the [French] Revolution to break out… John Emerich Edward Dalberg, Lord Acton,Lectures on the French Revolution (LF ed.) [1910]

1. Based on this document, what is 1 long-term cause of the French Revolution?

¿Basándose en este documento, qué es 1 causas a largo plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

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*Connecting Ideas/Conectando las Ideas:

The Road to War / El Camino a la Guerra

Document # 5:

Big Idea

Causes of the French Revolution/ Las Causas de la Revolución Francesa

Economic

Political Social

Long-Term

Causes

II. What were the short-term causes of the French Revolution?

¿Cuáles fueron las causas a corto plazo de la Revolución Francesa?

Document # 7:

Hand in hand with social unrest went a financial crisis. The crisis was caused in part by years of deficit spending,

that is, a government spending more money than it takes in. Louis XIV had left France deeply in debt. Wars like

the Seven Years' War and the American Revolution strained the treasury even further. Costs generally had risen

in the 1700s, and the lavish court sucked up millions. To bridge the gap between income and expenses, the

government borrowed more and more money. To solve the financial crisis, the government would have to

increase taxes, reduce expenses, or both. However, although the taxes increased the King and Queen continued

to spend.

Source: World History: Connections to Today, Prentince Hall, pages 481-482

1. Based on this document, identify 2 reasons why France faced a financial crisis?

¿Basándose en este documento, identifique 2 razones por qué Francia se enfrentó a una crisis financiera?

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2. How could France’s government have solved its financial crisis?

¿Cómo podría resolver el gobierno de Francia la crisis financiera?

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3. Why was France’s government unsuccessful in solving their financial crisis?

¿Por qué fue el gobierno de Francia no exitoso en la solución de la crisis financiera?

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Document # 8:

I was joined by a poor woman, who complained of the times, and that it was a sad country … she said her

husband had but a morsel of land, one cow, and a poor little horse, yet they had a franchar (42 lbs) of wheat and

three chickens to pay as a quit-rent to a seigneur [noble]; and four franchar of oats, and one chicken to pay to

another, besides very heavy tailles [taxes]. She had seven children, and the cow's milk helped to make the soup …

It was said, at present, that something was to be done by some great folks for such poor ones, but she did not

know who nor how, but God send us better [… because the taxes and laws are crushing us].

Arthur Young, Travels in France (1792)

1. List 1 reason why the French peasants were dissatisfied with their life.

Lista 1 razón por qué los campesinos Franceses no estaban satisfechos con su vida.

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2. Using your knowledge of the 3rd

estate, who do you think are the ‘great folks’ that would be willing to help the

‘poor ones’? / ¿Utilizando su conocimiento del 3 estado, quién crees que son los "grandes personas" que estarían

dispuestos a ayudar "los pobres"?

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Document # 9:

Big Idea

Causes of the French Revolution/ Las Causas de la Revolución Francesa

Economic

Political Social

Short-Term

Causes

1% of 2% of 97% of

population population population

1. Why would the 3rd

estate argue that the voting

process in the French government was unfair?

¿Por qué argumentaría el 3 estado que el proceso

de votación en el gobierno francés fue injusto?

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1st

Estate 2nd

Estate 3rd

Estate

1 Vote 1 Vote 1 Vote

III. What were the main events of

the French Revolution? /

¿Cuáles fueron los eventos principales

de la Revolución Francesa?

A. Estates General Meeting

Summoned (May 1789)

B. National Assembly Formed

(June 17, 1789)

C. Tennis Court Oath (June 20, 1789)

D. Storming of the Bastille

(July 14, 1789)

E. Declaration of the Rights of Man

and the Citizen (August 1789)

F. Women’s March on Versailles

(October 5, 1789)

H. Constitution of 1791

G. Declaration of Women and Female

Citizens (August 1791)

IV. How did Robespierre rule over France? /¿Cómo gobernó Robespierre sobre Francia?

A. Voices in the Legislative Assembly / Voces en la Asamblea Legislativa

Radicals

(Jacobins/Sans-Culottes)

Moderates

(Girondins)

Conservatives

(Royalists)

Document # 10:

As a result of these political divisions, fighting ensued in the Legislative Assembly. By 1792, the Jacobins took

over the Legislative Assembly, and they radically defend the continuation of the French Revolution. Eager to

spread the revolution and destroy tyranny abroad, the Legislative Assembly declared war on Austria, Prussia,

Britain and other European states in April, 1792. Revolutionaries blamed the king and his royalists for the battle

disasters against foreign troops. Parisians invaded Tuileries Palace on August 10, 1792 and the royal family was

forced to flee. In September 1792, Jacobins create a new government called the National Convention was to

radically continue the French Revolution.

1. What were 2 actions taken by the Radical Jacobins?

¿Cuáles fueron 2 acciones tomadas por los Jacobinos Radicals?

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ROBESPIERRE’S

GOALS

HOW IMPORTANCE

End Absolutism

Para Terminar Absolutismo

Continuing the Revolution

Continuando con la

Revolución

Document # 11:

… After two months in our new prison, we were released. A young Frenchman, who has since married my sister,

managed to get us released by haunting all the officials he could find and finally by begging the release from

Chaumette, the procurer of the Paris Commune, and a tyrant. So we were free but were watched. We could see

very few people and went out little, and yet it was a sort of liberty. We feared to go out, in case, without realizing it,

we committed some transgression [offense] that would lead to being arrested again. We hardly spoke to anyone,

for there were spies everywhere, and we jumped at each knock at the door, fearing arrest. For the prisons were

growing more crowded daily, and more and more were going to the scaffold as the Reign of Terror tightened its

hold. “Suspicion” was now a warrant for imprisonment, and conspiracy and murder were in the air. One man was

arrested because he “looked” noble, another because a total stranger swore that he supported monarchy. Some

were arrested for having been rich, others for being clever. Many who were arrested asked for the reason in vain.

And the numbers of executions rose, and the horrors increased, and the stories of both courage and cowardice

were passed from home to home. Yet it seemed to me that there was more courage than cowardice to be found,

which gave us hope for humanity even in these dark days Soon after our release from prison, we decided to

move from the center of the town to a house in the most remote part of the faubourg [suburb], Saint Germain.

Our new home was but a few moments walk from the countryside. But although we were close, we did not dare to

walk there. The parks and woods that surrounded us and had once belonged to royalty were now haunted by

revolutionaries, despots, police spies, even the conspirators themselves on occasion. So we walked in the common

fields near our house, where people put their animals to graze. I have no words to describe how reluctantly we

returned from our walks to Paris, that den of carnage, that slaughterhouse of man. The guillotine was claiming

both the innocent and the guilty alike, and at such a rate that the gutters seemed to stream with blood. And just

when it seemed that things could get no worse, when you thought it was not possible to increase the stream of

people flowing to the scaffold, you were proved wrong, and the pace of the flow quickened even more. . . .

Source: Jane Shuter, ed., Helen Williams and the French Revolution, Raintree Steck-Vaughn Publishers (adapted)

1. According to Helen Williams, what is one impact the Reign of Terror had on the people of Paris in 1793?

¿Según Helen Williams, cuál es uno de los impactos que tuvo el Reino del Terror en los habitantes de París en 1793?

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V. How and why did the government continue to change in France?

¿Cómo y por qué el gobierno continuó a cambiar en Francia?

1.

2.

3. 5.

4.

Document # 13:

1. Based on this image of Napoleon how is he being

portrayed? / ¿Basado en este imagen de Napoleón

cómo se interpretó?

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2. Would the people of France approve of

Napoleon acting this way? Why or why not? /

¿Sería aprobada Francia, de actuar Napoleón en

esta forma? ¿Por qué o por qué no?

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Document # 12:

1. Based on this image of Napoleon how is he being

portrayed? / ¿Basado en este imagen de Napoleón

cómo se interpretó?

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2. Would the people of France approve of

Napoleon acting this way? Why or why not? /

¿Sería aprobada Francia, de actuar Napoleón en

esta forma? ¿Por qué o por qué no?

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VI. Who was Napoleon Bonaparte and was he a good or bad leader for France? Why?

¿Quién fue Napoleón Bonaparte y fue él un líder bueno o malo para Francia? ¿Por qué?

Final Report Card of Napoleon Bonaparte

Student: Napoleon Bonaparte Subject: Leadership / Liderazgo

Assignments / Tareas Grade Reasons for Grade / Razones para el Grado Suggestion for Improvement

La sugerencia para la Mejora

1. Codifying New Laws

Napoleonic Code

Codificar Leyes Nuevas

Código Napoleónico

2. Building a New

Bureaucracy

Construir una Nueva

Burocracia

3. Preserving the

Revolution

Preservar la Revolución

4. Building an Empire

Construir un Imperio

5. Defeating the British

Derrotar los Ingleses

6. Spreading Nationalism

Esparcir Nacionalismo

7. Defeating Russia

Derrotar Russia

Stop & Think:

Overall Performance

Desempeño General

Document # 14:

1. According to John Hall

Stewart, what were 2 changes

brought about by the French

Revolution by 1799? /

¿De acuerdo con John Hall

Stewart, cuales fueron de 2

cambios introducidos por la

Revolución Francesa de 1799?

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Document # 15:

1. Based on the document what was 1 change that

resulted within France from the French Revolution?

¿Basado en el documento qué fue 1 cambio que

resultó en Francia de la Revolución Francés?

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Document # 16:

1. What is 1 impact the French Revolution

and Napoleon had on nations outside of

France? / ¿Cuál es 1 de los impactos que

tuvieron la Revolución Francesa y Napoleón

en las naciones fuera de Francia?

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Document # 17:

What was 1 effect of the French

Revolution outside France? /

¿Qué fue 1 efecto de la

Revolución Francesa fuera de Francia?

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. . . By 1799, however, Frenchmen had had the experience of enjoying, at least

in theory, freedom of speech and freedom of the press. Education had been

reorganized along the lines which it still follows in most modern states—free,

compulsory, universal, and secular. The Revolution had given rise to an

extensive, if not always great, periodical press. Lack of opportunities had

yielded to the “careers open to talents” already mentioned, and such talents

were encouraged and brought to fruition through public prizes, state patronage,

and similar devices. Moreover, while there had been few museums and

libraries prior to 1789, the revolutionaries established many more, planned still

additional ones, and endeavored to integrate them with the educational system.

…However, the majority of Europeans and non-

Europeans came to see the Revolution as much

more than a bloody tragedy. These people were

more impressed by what the Revolution

accomplished than by what it failed to do. They

recalled the Revolution’s abolition of serfdom,

slavery, inherited privilege, and judicial torture; its

experiments with democracy; and its opening of

opportunities to those who, for reasons of social

status or religion, had been traditionally excluded….

Modern nationalism began with the French Revolution. When

kings of European countries sent armies to end the revolution and

return a monarch to the French throne, citizens of France united

in a spirit of nationalism to defend their homeland. Years later,

after Napoleon had risen to power and threatened the security of

Europe, feelings of nationalism aroused Great Britain, Russia,

Austria, Prussia, and Spain to defeat Napoleon and protect their

territory and the rest of Europe. Nationalism remained a strong

force through the rest of the nineteenth century and into the 20th

century. Nationalism showed itself in different ways. In some

countries, citizens united in an effort to gain a voice in their

government, human rights, and even independence.

One of the most important contributions of the French Revolution was to

make revolution part of the world’s political tradition. The French

Revolution continued to provide instruction for revolutionaries in the 19th

and 20th centuries, as peoples in Europe and around the world. Shortly

after the French Revolution countries in Latin America began to fight for

their freedom. Spain had taken control over a majority of central and

South American countries forcing the native to work as slaves in their own

land. However, after hearing about how the 3rd

estate in France came

together to win their natural rights the people of Latin American became

inspired to do the same.

VII. What were the effects of the French Revolution and Napoleon’s rule?

¿Cuáles fueron los efectos de la Revolución Francesa y la regla de Napoleón?

Internal / Interno External / Externo