NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE (NTTR) Impact... · 1 April 2017 NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE (NTTR) Land Withdrawal Application Packages / ... the Engle Act, the Federal Land Policy

ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS

REPORT

Submitted by:

Leidos, Inc.

FINAL

1 April 2017

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE (NTTR)

Land Withdrawal Application Packages /

Case File and Legislative EIS

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE (NTTR)

Land Withdrawal Application Packages/

Case File and Legislative EIS

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | I

APRIL 2017

Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1

2. SCOPE OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS ............................................................................... 3

3. NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE .............................................................................................. 4 3.1 NTTR North Range ........................................................................................................................ 7 3.2 NTTR South Range ....................................................................................................................... 7 3.3 Creech AFB ................................................................................................................................... 7 3.4 Tonopah Test Range ..................................................................................................................... 8

4. NELLIS AFB AND FACILITIES .............................................................................................................. 8

5. REGIONAL ECONOMY ......................................................................................................................... 9 5.1 The Region .................................................................................................................................... 9 5.2 Regional Employment ................................................................................................................. 11 5.3 Gross Regional Product .............................................................................................................. 15 5.4 Employee Compensation ............................................................................................................ 17 5.5 Payments in Lieu of Taxes .......................................................................................................... 20 5.6 Regional Industries ...................................................................................................................... 22

5.6.1 Agriculture ........................................................................................................................ 22 5.6.2 Mining .............................................................................................................................. 25 5.6.3 Recreation........................................................................................................................ 27

6. ECONOMICS OF NELLIS AFB, CREECH AFB, AND THE NTTR ...................................................... 30 6.1 Military and Appropriated Fund Civilian Personnel, 2009 to 2015 .............................................. 31 6.2 Annual Expenses ......................................................................................................................... 32

6.2.1 Temporary Duty Expenses .............................................................................................. 33 6.2.2 Service Contracts for NTTR ............................................................................................. 34

6.3 Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada at Tonopah ............... 34 6.4 Military Retirees ........................................................................................................................... 35

7. ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...................................................................... 36 7.1 Economic Impact Analysis Model ................................................................................................ 36 7.2 Impact of the Proposed Alternative Actions ................................................................................ 37

7.2.1 Alternative 1 - Extend the Existing Land Withdrawal and Management of the NTTR (North and South Range) – Status Quo ................................................................ 38

7.2.2 Alternative 2 - Extend the Existing Land Withdrawal and Provide Ready Access to the North and South Ranges ........................................................................................... 39

7.2.3 Alternative 3 - Expand the Withdrawal of Public Lands for the NTTR ............................. 39 7.2.4 Alternative 4 - Establish the Period of Withdrawal .......................................................... 48

7.3 Impact of the No Action Alternative - Not Extending the NTTR Land Withdrawal ...................... 48 7.3.1 Loss of Employment and Payroll on the NTTR ............................................................... 49 7.3.2 Reduction of Expenses, Purchases, Contracts, Other Costs .......................................... 49 7.3.3 Reduction in Economic Impact of the NTTR from Not Extending the Land

Withdrawal ....................................................................................................................... 50 7.3.4 Cost of Removing Facilities and Equipment from the NTTR ........................................... 50 7.3.5 Cost of Decontaminating the NTTR ................................................................................. 50 7.3.6 Impact on Payment in Lieu of Taxes ............................................................................... 50

8. ALTERNATIVE USES OF NTTR LAND AND POTENTIAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ........................... 51

9. SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 51

10. REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................... 52

APPENDIX A EMPLOYMENT ................................................................................................................... A-1

APPENDIX B GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT ......................................................................................... B-1

APPENDIX C REGIONAL COMPENSATION .......................................................................................... C-1

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | II

APRIL 2017

Figures Figure 3-1. NTTR Land and Airspace Boundaries ....................................................................................... 5 Figure 3-2. NTTR North and South Ranges ................................................................................................ 6 Figure 5-1. Nevada Counties in NTTR ....................................................................................................... 10 Figure 5-2. S&P/Case-Shiller NV-Las Vegas Home Price Index, 2005–2016 ........................................... 11 Figure 5-3. Total Employment in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–

2014 ....................................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 5-4. Total Employment in Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–2014 ........................................ 13 Figure 5-5. Total Compensation in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County and Nye County,

2004–2014 ............................................................................................................................. 17 Figure 5-6. Total Compensation in Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–2014 ..................................... 18 Figure 5-7. Bicycle Trails Existing and Proposed in the Beatty, Nevada, Area, 2016 ............................... 29 Figure 6-1. Personnel Payrolls ($Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR, 2009 to 2015 ........... 32 Figure 6-2. Total Annual Expenditures ($ Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB and NTTR 2009–

2015 ....................................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 6-3. Temporary Duty Expenses ($ Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR

2009–2015 ............................................................................................................................. 33 Figure 6-4. Military Retirees and Payroll Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, 2009–2015 ................................ 35 Figure 7-1. Land Affected by Alternatives 3A, 3B and 3C ......................................................................... 40 Figure 7-2. Land Impacts on Bike Trails from Alternative 3A .................................................................... 43 Figure 7-3. Land Impacts on Hiking Trails from Alternative 3C ................................................................. 44 Figure 7-4. Rangeland Allotments Impacted by Alternative 3A ................................................................. 46 Figure 7-5. Section 368 Energy Corridors ................................................................................................. 48

Tables Table 4-1. Nellis AFB Controlled Installations, 2015 ................................................................................... 8 Table 5-1. Employment by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County, and Nye County,

2014 ....................................................................................................................................... 13 Table 5-2. Gross Regional Product by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County, and Nye

County, 2014 .......................................................................................................................... 16 Table 5-3. Total Compensation by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County and Nye

County, 2014 .......................................................................................................................... 19 Table 5-4. Land Ownership Clark County, Lincoln County, Nye County, and Nevada 2012 .................... 21 Table 5-5. Payments in Lieu of Taxes to Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, 2016 .................................... 22 Table 5-6. Farm Statistics, State of Nevada and Affected Counties, 2012 ............................................... 23 Table 5-7. Cattle and Calf Inventory, 2002, 2007, and 2012 ..................................................................... 24 Table 5-8. Alfalfa Harvest 2002, 2007, and 2012 ...................................................................................... 25 Table 5-9. Metric Tons of Selected Nevada Mined Commodities and Percentage of Total U.S.

Production, 2011–2015 .......................................................................................................... 26 Table 5-10. Clark County Mining and Production by Mineral 2013–2014 ................................................. 26 Table 5-11. Nye County Mining and Production by Mineral 2013–2014 ................................................... 27 Table 5-12. Recreational Use of BLM-Administered Public Lands, U.S. Total, 2014 ............................... 28 Table 6-1. Base Employment and Annual Payroll by Labor Categories at Nellis AFB, Creech

AFB, and the NTTR, 2015 ..................................................................................................... 31 Table 6-2. Base Personnel by Labor Categories at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR, 2009–

2015 ....................................................................................................................................... 31

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | III

APRIL 2017

Table 6-3. Annual Expenditures ($ Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR for 2015 ........... 32 Table 6-4. Annual Expenses for Decontamination at the NTTR, Fiscal Year 2015................................... 34 Table 6-5. Annual Amount of Funding Expenses for Decontamination by 99 CES Explosive

Ordnance Disposal Flight, Fiscal Year 2015 ......................................................................... 34 Table 6-6. Annual Expenses for Service Contracts ($ Millions) 2009–2015 ............................................. 34 Table 6-7. Military Retiree and Pay in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, Fiscal Year 2015 ..................... 35 Table 7-1. Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR Total Economic Impact (Baseline), Fiscal Year

2015 ....................................................................................................................................... 38 Table 7-2. Annual Indirect/Induced Jobs and Pay, Fiscal Year 2015 ........................................................ 38 Table 7-3. Land Affected Acreage* by County from Alternatives 3A, 3B, and 3C ..................................... 41 Table 7-4. Employment and Payroll Loss on NTTR .................................................................................. 49 Table 7-5. Annual Reduction of Expenses on NTTR ................................................................................. 49 Table 7-6. Reduction in Economic Impact from Not Extending the NTTR Withdrawal, based on

Fiscal Year 2015 .................................................................................................................... 50 Table 9-1. Total Economic Impact of Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR, Fiscal Year 2015

(including Retirees) ................................................................................................................ 51 Table 9-2. Reduction in Economic Impact from Not Extending the NTTR Land Withdrawal, based

on Fiscal Year 2015 ............................................................................................................... 52

Acronyms AFB Air Force Base AUM animal unit months BLM Bureau of Land Management CED 99 CES Explosive Ordnance Disposal CFR Code of Federal Regulations DNWR Desert National Wildlife Range DoD Department of Defense DOE Department of Energy DOI Department of the Interior EC Electronic Combat ECR Electronic Combat Range EIA Economic Impact Analysis GRP Gross Regional Product I-O input-output ISR Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance LEIS Legislative Environmental Impact Statement MLWA Military Land Withdrawal Act MRTFB Major Range and Test Facility Base NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NNSA National Nuclear Security Administration NTTR Nevada Test and Training Range OHV off-highway vehicle PILT Payment in Lieu of Taxes SNL Sandia National Laboratory STORM-OV Saving Toads thru Off Road Racing, Ranching and Mining in Oasis Valley TDY temporary duty USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | IV

APRIL 2017

This page is intentionally blank.

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | 1

APRIL 2017

1. INTRODUCTION

The U.S. Air Force is in the process of extending the withdrawal of land for military operations and training on the Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR). In addition to extending the current withdrawal, the Air Force is evaluating three potential expansion alternatives. These potential expansion alternatives are pre-decisional in nature when evaluated in the context of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The current withdrawal will expire in November 2021, unless Congress enacts legislation to extend it. In accordance with Section 3016 of the Military Land Withdrawal Act (MLWA), the Air Force, in coordination with the Department of Defense (DoD), has notified Congress of a continuing military need for the NTTR withdrawal. Furthermore, the Air Force plans to submit a Legislative Environmental Impact Statement (LEIS) that supports a legislative withdrawal proposal, which will be submitted through the Department of the Interior (DOI) to extend the withdrawal.

As part of the land withdrawal extension, the Air Force is preparing documentation required to support the Application Package, Case File, and legislative language to successfully accomplish the NTTR land withdrawal by November 2021. To maintain critical test and training capabilities at the NTTR, the Air Force must complete all required studies in compliance with NEPA, the Engle Act, the Federal Land Policy and Management Act, the MLWA, and Land Withdrawals Regulations set forth in Title 43 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 2300. The analysis and results of this Economic Impact Analysis (EIA) study are needed in order to support the NEPA and Land Withdrawals Regulations and support submittal of an application to the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), provision of a Case File to the DOI, and development of draft legislation for Congressional approval of the withdrawal in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.

The NTTR is part of the Air Force’s Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB) enterprise, which consists of larger, fully equipped ranges designed to test and evaluate capabilities to support DoD acquisition system and combat readiness. Located in southeastern Nevada, the NTTR consists of approximately 2.9 million acres of federal land that has been withdrawn from public use and reserved for the military.

While the DoD has a number of ranges in the western United States large enough to support military test and/or training activities, only the NTTR has the military ranges, terrain, population demographics, and other factors that provide the safety, security, and capability needed to conduct both testing and training activities. This combination of factors provides the necessary security for the most sensitive DoD test and training activities.

Capabilities found at the NTTR are also critically important to national security tasks and the NTTR is recognized as a unique national security infrastructure asset that includes activities associated with all DoD entities as well as the Department of Energy (DOE) and Homeland Security.

The Air Force is preparing an LEIS that supports a legislative proposal through the DOI to extend the withdrawal. The proposed pre-decisional alternatives include the following (U.S. Air Force, 2016a):


APRIL 2017

Alternative 1 - Extend the Existing Land Withdrawal and Management of the NTTR (North and South Range) – Status Quo

Alternative 2 - Extend the Existing Land Withdrawal and Provide Ready Access to the North and South Ranges

Alternative 3 - Expand the Withdrawal of Public Lands for the NTTR

Alternative 4 - Establish the Period of Withdrawal (20 years, 50 years, or indefinite)

No Action Alternative (Not Extending the NTTR Land Withdrawal), which must be included under NEPA requirements.

It should be noted that implementation of Alternatives 2 and 3, including all subalternatives, would fully meet the Air Force’s requirements. Consequently, implementation of each individual alternative could be selected by Congress and would meet a part of the purpose and need but individually would not meet the requirements of the Air Force.

If the No Action Alternative were to be chosen by Congress, the BLM and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) would resume management of the lands within the NTTR, returning the land to previous uses through the removal of facilities and targets and decontamination of the land. Prohibitions previously placed in effect by the MLWA on appropriations under the public land laws would expire.

Expiration of these prohibitions means that appropriative land uses such as mining, mineral leasing, or livestock grazing could potentially be reintroduced. Management of the former NTTR lands would continue as currently directed until new management planning under Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 and NEPA regulations could be completed. Though the withdrawal of these lands would expire, segregation of these lands from appropriative land uses would continue until the Secretary of the Interior publishes an order opening the lands for such uses. An opening order could not be issued by the Secretary until the costs, benefits, and environmental consequences of competing land uses could be fully evaluated through planning directed by the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 and analyzed in NEPA documentation. The results of new land management planning may or may not find that portions or all of the former NTTR lands managed by the BLM should be opened to some or all forms of appropriative land use.

The Secretary of the Air Force shall decontaminate the land to the extent that funds are appropriated for such purpose if land is contaminated and the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of the Air Force determine that decontamination is practicable and economically feasible and that upon decontamination the land could be opened to operation of some or all of the public land laws, including the mining laws.

If the No Action Alternative were to be chosen by Congress, the unique infrastructure and capabilities available at the NTTR would need to be replicated elsewhere. A 2014 Congressional Report estimated that the NTTR infrastructure has an estimated value of roughly $4 billion. Because it would be extremely expensive to try to recreate the NTTR’s existing infrastructure at another range, the Air Force would prefer to retain use of withdrawn land at the NTTR. Additionally, the estimated cost to clean up


APRIL 2017

contaminated sites on the NTTR would range from $1 to 4 billion. Consequently, if the DoD was required to recreate the infrastructure at another range and clean up current contamination, the cost would range from $5 to 8 billion.

In addition to its unique range infrastructure, the NTTR has singularly large areas of airspace that are restricted from commercial and private air traffic operating under both visual and instrument flight rules.

As a result of the aforementioned infrastructure investment and cleanup costs, and exclusive airspace attributes, the Air Force determined that it was not necessary to evaluate potential alternatives at installations other than the NTTR. Furthermore, while the Air Force determined that current and future operational requirements require some additional land, the Air Force sought to limit the potential land expansion to areas already under federal control. Any expansion to lands that are not under federal control would be a result of operational security concerns and would be limited to minimize land use impacts.

2. SCOPE OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS

As previously mentioned, this EIA study assesses and compares the potential economic impacts resulting from the proposed pre-decisional action alternatives and the No Action Alternative as defined by the draft LEIS. Because the NTTR is the only location proposed for withdrawal in the LEIS, this EIA is limited to examining the economic impacts that are local to or within the region of the NTTR.

If the No Action Alternative were chosen, local and regional economic activity would be reduced because employment, purchases, and other spending associated with the NTTR would decline as the testing and training on the NTTR came to an end. However, because the No Action Alternative would have significant national security implications, it is anticipated that one of the pre-decisional action alternatives will be chosen by Congress. Choosing one of the action alternatives that extends or expands the NTTR land withdrawal would result in continuing or increasing economic activity associated with the NTTR.

This EIA addresses the following pre-decisional action alternatives defined in the draft LEIS, as well as the No Action Alternative:

Alternative 1 - Extend Existing Land Withdrawal and Management of NTTR (North and South Range) – Status Quo

Alternative 2 - Extend Existing Land Withdrawal and Provide Ready Access to the North and South Ranges

Alternative 3 - Expand Withdrawal of Public Lands for the NTTR (includes three subalternatives)

The Status Quo is used as a baseline for the EIA, which examines testing and training expenditures, including the payroll of the military personnel and DoD employees and the direct expenditures for the activities at NTTR (e.g., construction and maintenance of facilities). The EIA process recognized that those direct expenditures in the local


APRIL 2017

economy may result in additional (indirect) employment and expenditures as the companies providing the products or service may also hire and purchase locally.

The EIA also addresses the impact of the expenditures of the incomes earned by direct and indirect employees, which could result in additional employment, incomes and output. These induced impacts occur in the local, regional, and national economies. The total economic impact assessed by this impact is the sum of the direct, indirect, and induced employment, income, and output.

3. NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE

The NTTR is the first Air Force range to serve as a hub for intermediate and advanced test and training. The Air Force Warfare Center strategic plan includes broadening the capabilities of the NTTR to more accurately replicate current threat environments.

The NTTR is located just north of Las Vegas, Nevada. Its 2.9 million acres cover portions of Clark, Nye, and Lincoln Counties (Figure 3-1). Its southeastern boundary extends into Clark County, its northeastern boundary into Lincoln County, and its northwestern boundary into Nye County. Airspace boundaries associated with the NTTR roughly approximate the land boundary to the west, extend further north into Nye County, and extend eastward through Lincoln County, crossing into Utah at its easternmost boundary.

The NTTR currently includes 137 tactical target complexes containing more than 2,600 simulated targets. Many of these target complexes are defended by threat simulators to provide a realistic arena for operational testing of weapons systems, tactics, and combat readiness. Live munitions are delivered on designated portions of the range. To improve target-complex realism, targets are enhanced with actual or simulated military assets, including a tank battlefront, truck convoys, airfields, industrial complexes, surface-to-air missile sites, and a railroad complete with marshaling yards and a rail tunnel.

Extensive monitoring and tracking equipment is deployed throughout the NTTR to support testing and training. Data collected on the range and in the supporting airspace are processed by computers located in the Range Operations Center at Nellis Air Force Base (AFB). The Range Operations Center can track a multi-force engagement or a single aircraft’s entire mission. Several different kinds of two- and three-dimensional graphic displays from different perspectives are produced for evaluation of performance and rapid feedback for tests and training.

The NTTR is split into the North and South Ranges to facilitate overall management of Air Force operations and test and training opportunities on each range. Figure 3-2 illustrates the North and South Ranges. Management responsibilities include personnel safety, the ranges’ electromagnetic environment, range equipment operation and maintenance, environmental/resource management, and efficient airspace use through effective scheduling. The Air Force has developed extensive and integrated infrastructure to support its use of NTTR withdrawn lands. The major facilities are Creech AFB and its airfield, Tolicha Peak, and the Tonopah Test Range and airfield. Facilities also include roads, radar sites, other communication systems, and range electronic measuring devices.


APRIL 2017

Figure 3-1. NTTR Land and Airspace Boundaries


APRIL 2017

Figure 3-2. NTTR North and South Ranges


APRIL 2017

3.1 NTTR NORTH RANGE

The North Range is approximately 1.8 million acres of withdrawn land and contains approximately 1,263 targets within 63 tactical target complexes. The weapons-delivery and impact areas are maintained by NTTR personnel to simulate tactical targets representing airfields, surface-to-air missile sites, truck convoys, missile storage sites, artillery batteries and other targets, along with scoring and tracking systems. The type of weapons authorized for delivery depends on the target selected.

Operating as part of the North Range of the NTTR, multiple and dispersed facilities support three Electronic Combat Ranges (ECRs). These ECRs provide a range of high- to-low electronic threat environments: Tonopah ECR, Tolicha Peak ECR, and Electronic Combat (EC) South Range (“EC South”).

The North Range also includes an area operated for the DOE/National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) by Sandia National Laboratory (SNL). Since this area is entirely within the NTTR, the Air Force maintains ownership and control. SNL activities are authorized through a land permit issued by the Air Force to DOE/NNSA.

3.2 NTTR SOUTH RANGE

The South Range consists of approximately 1.2 million acres of withdrawn land located in the southeastern portion of the NTTR. The South Range contains five weapons-delivery areas, which are subdivided into 74 target complexes containing approximately 1,363 targets.

The major factor affecting operations in the South Range is that it overlays approximately 826,000 acres of the Desert National Wildlife Range (DNWR). While all of the South Range lands were withdrawn for military use, the Air Force has primary jurisdiction only over the target impact areas, with the USFWS having only secondary jurisdiction over the target impact areas and primary jurisdiction over the remaining areas of the DNWR. Although the South Range does have the necessary terrain for conducting training, current land management practices for areas within the range but outside of Air Force jurisdiction currently do not allow any military testing or training activities.

3.3 CREECH AFB

Partially located on the NTTR, Creech AFB’s primary mission is to provide high-priority Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) training, testing, and evaluation, including unmanned aerial systems/remotely piloted vehicle training, which has increased over the last 10 years.


APRIL 2017

3.4 TONOPAH TEST RANGE

Operating on 179,200 acres in the North Range, SNL conducts activities on the Tonopah Test Range. Operations for their Stockpile and Stewardship and Management Program include flight testing of gravity weapons, as well as research, development, and evaluation of stockpile nuclear weapons components and delivery systems, including arming, fusing, and firing systems.

4. NELLIS AFB AND FACILITIES

Military activities on the NTTR are managed and supported by Nellis AFB, which is located outside of the NTTR to the south. Nellis AFB provides personnel, facilities, and equipment for the testing and training at the NTTR. Tonopah Test Range and Creech AFB, both located on the NTTR, provide facilities for DOE/SNL and ISR, respectively.

Nellis AFB controls 2,592 facilities with 841 buildings, providing some 7,742,367 square feet of space on 3,127,483 acres of land, including the NTTR (Table 4-1). The Air Force Warfare Center, located on Nellis AFB, manages, supports, and conducts the Air Force testing and training exercises on NTTR.

Airfields located at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and on the NTTR provide some 824 million square feet of runways, taxiways, aprons, and pavement overruns and pads. The estimated replacement cost of all of the facilities at those three locations is $6.6 billion. The replacement cost of the airfields is an additional $2.9 billion. Should the NTTR land withdrawal not be extended, some remaining facilities, buildings, and airfields would still be needed to serve the remaining activities at Nellis AFB.

Table 4-1. Nellis AFB Controlled Installations, 2015

Site Name Facilities Bldg. Total

Sq. Feet Acres of

Land Replacement

Cost

Apex Communication Annex 3 1 20 1 $54,000

Cuddelback Lake Air Force Range 1 0 0 7,584 $151,000

Creech Air Force Base 637 149 1,092,767 2,303 $1,122,866,000

Nellis Communication Annex 3 2 2,958 2 $1,934,000

Mt Sunrise Obstruction Light Annex 1 0 0 111 $271,000

Nellis Air Force Base 1,606 622 6,490,097 14,435 $5,357,061,000

Nellis Small Arms Range Annex 10 0 0 10,623 $10,124,000

Nellis Water System Annex 21 2 19,437 107 $9,154,000

Nevada Test and Training Range 310 65 137,088 3,092,317 $122,971,000

Total 2,592 841 7,742,367 3,127,483 $6,624,586,000

Air Fields Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR 824,410,337 $2,884,652,100

Source: (Nellis AFB, 2016)

Each year a large number of personnel and aircraft deploy to Nellis AFB to participate in Red Flag, a large scale exercise conducted multiple times each year on the NTTR. Managed by the 57th Wing at Nellis AFB, the 57th Adversary Tactics Group controls seven squadrons of fighters which serve as Aggressors. It also manages the airspace, information operations and air defense units for the training exercises. Red Flag events


APRIL 2017

are tracked by the Nellis Air Combat Training System allowing commanders, safety observers and exercise directors to monitor the mission. As of 2012, Red Flag has provided training for more than 440,000 military personnel, including more than 145,000 air crew members flying more than 386,000 sorties and logging more than 660,000 hours of flying.

5. REGIONAL ECONOMY

As stated in Section 3, the activities on the NTTR include Air Force testing and training missions associated with Nellis AFB, as well as DOE/NNSA activities, both of which have direct economic impacts on the region. This section examines the economy within the region where the NTTR and Nellis AFB are located and serves as the baseline for the EIA.

5.1 THE REGION

The region consists of three Nevada counties: Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties (Figure 5-1).

Clark County is the most populous county in Nevada with an estimated population of approximately 2.1 million people in 2015 and includes the cities of Las Vegas, Boulder City, Henderson, Mesquite, and North Las Vegas. Creech AFB and Nellis AFB are also located in Clark County. Clark County has the most impact on the state’s economy relies to a great extent on the tourism and the entertainment industries. The 2008 recession impacted Clark County significantly due to a reduction in tourism. However, this appears to have been temporary as indicated by the Center for Business and Economic Research Clark County Tourism Index, which measures gross gaming revenues, hotel occupancy rates, and total airport passengers, that indicated that 97.1 percent of the decline from the recession has recovered (Wargo, 2016).

Lincoln County, with a 2015 population of 5,036, consists of approximately 98 percent federal land, largely administered by the BLM. When the recession occurred in 2008, the activity in Lincoln County’s tourism and related travel sectors were negatively impacted and are only slowly recovering. In addition to tourism, Lincoln County supports residential and industrial development at Coyote Springs in the southern part of the county. This development is due to high costs and limited availability of land in the Las Vegas Valley. Developers often will locate areas for development outside of Clark County, which provides growth opportunities in southern Lincoln County. While the recession caused housing prices to drop in the Las Vegas area, housing prices have recovered over the last several years (Figure 5-2), which has helped to improve housing demand in Lincoln County.


APRIL 2017

Figure 5-1. Nevada Counties in NTTR

Source: (Leidos, Inc., 2017)


APRIL 2017

Figure 5-2. S&P/Case-Shiller NV-Las Vegas Home Price Index, 2005–2016

Source: (Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, 2016a)

Nye County is the largest County in Nevada and the third largest county in the contiguous United States. Its population in 2015 was estimated at 47,319 by the Nye County Planning Department (Nye County Planning Department, 2015). Pahrump, the largest town in the county, has a population of 39,312. Tonopah, located close to the northwest corner of the NTTR, has a population of 2,971. The local economy has focused on mining and government sectors. Approximately 98 percent of the land in Nye County is under federal ownership. There are three primary industries in the county: agriculture, leisure, and hospitality. The county looks to greater industrial diversity as the mining industry is cyclical. One of the county’s strategies for growth is the development of industrial parks in each of its communities where business can locate new facilities.

5.2 REGIONAL EMPLOYMENT

Full- and part-time employment growth in the State of Nevada has been on par with national levels, while growth in Clark and Lincoln Counties has outpaced both the state and nation. Employment growth in Nye County has consistently remained below both the state and national levels.

Total employment in Nevada increased at an average annual growth rate of 1.1 percent from 1,446,547 jobs in 2004 to 1,614,814 jobs in 2014 (11.7 percent total growth) (Figure 5-3). Sectors with the largest employment growth over this same time frame are: management of companies and enterprises at 7.1% average annual growth, mining, oil and gas extraction (5.3 percent), educational services (5.9 percent) and health care and social assistance (3.3 percent). A few sectors experienced considerable declines over the same period. Construction jobs decreased at an average annual rate of 5.3 percent and utilities at 2.4 percent. These declines could be

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

S&P

/Ch

ase

Sh

ille

r IN

de

x


APRIL 2017

attributed to the housing market crash in 2008–2009. (See Appendix A for a time series of employment for the state and Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties.)

(Note: Nye County and Lincoln County are nearly identical.]

Figure 5-3. Total Employment in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–2014

Source: (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2016)

In 2004, Clark County held 69.9 percent of the state’s total employment, 71.3 percent in 2009, and 72.2 percent in 2014. From 2004 to 2014, employment in Clark County increased from 1,011,193 to 1,166,051 at an average annual rate of 1.4 percent. Many sectors grew substantially from 2004 to 2014 with the most rapid increases seen in: management of companies and enterprises (at an annual average rate of 7.6); mining, oil and gas extraction and (7.5 percent);, state and local government (6.5 percent); and educational services (6.2 percent). Other industries saw considerable declines over the same period: construction jobs decreased at a 5.7 percent average annual rate and utilities at 2.9 percent, primarily attributable to the housing market crash of 2008–2009. There were 15,709 military jobs in Clark County in 2014.

The economies of both Lincoln and Nye Counties are smaller than Clark County’s. Lincoln County is the smallest in both population and employment (Figure 5-4). Employment in the county increased from 1,968 in 2004 to 2,494 in 2014, at an average annual rate of 2.4 percent. Between 2009 and 2014, employment increased by 305 jobs to 2,038. There were 14 military jobs in Lincoln County in 2014.

The number of jobs in Nye County decreased from 16,048 in 2004 to 15,784 in 2014 at an average annual loss of 0.2 percent over 10 years. Between 2009 and 2014, 42 jobs were added, bringing the number of jobs in the county to 15,784 (an average annual increase of 0.03 percent over five years). The persons associated with DoD employment in Nye County was estimated at 121 in 2014.

0

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

1,200,000

1,400,000

1,600,000

1,800,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Emp

loym

en

t

Nevada

Clark County

Lincoln County

Nye County


APRIL 2017

Figure 5-4. Total Employment in Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–2014


In 2014, the accommodation and food services sector contributed 19.6 percent of total employment in Nevada, followed by retail trade at 10.4 percent, state and local government with 8.1 percent, and health care and social assistance at 7.0 percent (Table 5-1). Military employment accounted for only 1.2 percent of total employment in Nevada. The large combined contributions of the accommodation and food services sector and the retail trade sector (approximately 30 percent of the total state workforce in 2014) can be attributed to the gaming industry in Las Vegas, Reno, and other parts of the state.

In Clark County, the accommodation and food services sector provided 22.8 percent of the total employment in 2014, followed by retail trade (10.5 percent), state and local government (8.1 percent), and health care and social assistance (7.5 percent). The large combined contributions of the accommodation and food services sector and retail trade sector (just over 33 percent of the total workforce in Clark County) can be attributed to the dominance of Las Vegas on the economy of Clark County and Nevada overall. The military, with 15,709 jobs, accounted for 1.4 percent of the total employment in the county.

Table 5-1. Employment by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County, and Nye County, 2014

Employment

Nevada Clark County Lincoln County Nye County

Employed % of Total

Employed % of Total

Employed % of Total

Employed % of Total

Total Jobs 1,614,814 100 1,166,051 100 2,494 100 15,784 100

Farm 5,759 0.36 464 0.04 257 10.30 211 1.34

Nonfarm 1,609,055 99.64 1,165,587 99.96 2,237 89.70 15,573 98.66

Private 1,440,875 89.23 1,054,355 90.42 1,613 64.68 13,701 86.80

Forestry, fishing, and related activities

1,696 0.11 356 0.03 (D) NA 94 0.60

Mining, oil and gas extraction

20,924 1.30 3,000 0.26 181 7.26 1,244 7.88

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Emp

loym

en

t Lincoln County

Nye County


Table 5-1. Employment by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County, and Nye County, 2014 (Continued)

APRIL 2017

Employment


Employed % of Total

Employed % of Total

Employed % of Total

Employed % of Total

Utilities 4,108 0.25 2,670 0.23 (D) NA 140 0.89

Construction 79,815 4.94 56,088 4.81 (D) NA 723 4.58

Manufacturing 47,057 2.91 24,280 2.08 (D) NA 232 1.47

Wholesale trade 39,006 2.42 25,581 2.19 (D) NA 124 0.79

Retail trade 168,282 10.42 122,746 10.53 238 9.54 1,831 11.60

Transportation and warehousing

62,696 3.88 42,455 3.64 53 2.13 232 1.47

Information 19,387 1.20 14,936 1.28 (D) NA 137 0.87

Finance and insurance

87,375 5.41 64,422 5.52 146 5.85 464 2.94

Real estate and rental and leasing

101,906 6.31 75,792 6.50 80 3.21 1,018 6.45

Professional, scientific, and technical services

86,901 5.38 61,142 5.24 278 11.15 1,643 10.41

Management of companies and enterprises

24,574 1.52 19,199 1.65 (D) NA 167 1.06

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

111,203 6.89 85,084 7.30 (D) NA 1,043 6.61

Educational services

15,371 0.95 10,775 0.92 (D) NA 237 1.50

Health care and social assistance

122,764 7.60 87,008 7.46 (D) NA 1,032 6.54

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

51,636 3.20 36,930 3.17 (D) NA 676 4.28

Accommodation and food services

316,355 19.59 265,510 22.77 (D) NA 1,602 10.15

Other services (except public administration)

79,819 4.94 56,381 4.84 (D) NA 1,062 6.73

Government 168,180 10.41 111,232 9.54 624 25.02 1,872 11.86

Federal, civilian 18,121 1.12 12,366 1.06 40 1.60 118 0.75

Military 18,550 1.15 15,709 1.35 14 0.56 121 0.77

State and local 131,509 8.14 83,157 7.13 570 22.85 1,633 10.35

State government

35,165 2.18 16,838 1.44 140 5.61 166 1.05

Local government

96,344 5.97 66,319 5.69 430 17.24 1,467 9.29

(D) - Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information. Totals include estimates for this item. NA - Data not available



APRIL 2017

For Lincoln County, the largest sector in 2014 was government and government enterprises. State and local government (22.9 percent), federal (1.6 percent) and 14 military jobs represented 0.56 percent of the 25.0 percent of total government employment in Lincoln County. Local government accounted for 17.2 percent of this total. Professional, scientific, and technical services were 11.2 percent of total county employment.

In 2014, in Nye County, the most important sectors in terms of employment were government and government enterprises (11.9 percent), including state and local government jobs (10.4 percent), retail (11.6 percent), professional, scientific, and technical services (10.4 percent), and accommodation and food services (10.2 percent). There were 121 military jobs in Nye County in 2014.

5.3 GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT

In 2014, the State of Nevada had a Gross Regional Product1 (GRP) of approximately $134.5 billion, exported approximately $156.8 billion in goods, and imported approximately $139.3 billion in goods (Table 5-2). Industries having the highest GRPs include accommodation and food services (14.9 percent of the total GRP) and government (12.3 percent). Industries exporting the greatest total include government (28.6 percent of total county exports) and accommodation and food services (18.3 percent). Government (25.9 percent of total) and manufacturing (23.4 percent) are the industries that import the greatest amount of goods. (See Appendix B for a list of GRP by sector.)

In 2014 Clark County had a GRP of approximately $94.5 billion, exported approximately $102.6 billion in goods, and imported approximately $96.6 billion in goods. Industries having the highest GRPs include accommodation and food services (18.8 percent of the total GRP) and government (12.0 percent). Industries exporting the greatest total include government (26.8 percent of total county exports) and accommodation and food services (25.2 percent). Government (28.0 percent of total) and manufacturing (23.2 percent) are the industries that import the greatest amount of goods.

Lincoln County GRP was approximately $130 million in 2014, exported approximately $257 million in goods, and imported approximately $251 million in goods. Industries having the highest GRPs include government (36.3 percent of total GRP), other non-industry (14.2 percent), and mining, oil and gas extraction (7.8 percent). Government industries by far produced the greatest amount of goods/services (61.8 percent of total), distantly followed by forestry, fishing, and related activities (6.1 percent) and mining, oil and gas extraction (5.8 percent). Government (33.1 percent of total) and manufacturing (15.5 percent) industries imported the greatest amount of goods.

In 2014, Nye County had a GRP of approximately $1.5 billion, exported approximately $2.2 billion in goods, and imported approximately $2.3 billion in goods. Industries

1 The market value of all final goods and services produced within an area in a given period of time.


APRIL 2017

having the highest GRPs include other non-industry (11.9 percent of total GRP) professional, scientific, and technical services (9.8 percent), and government (9.1 percent). Industries exporting the greatest total include mining, oil and gas extraction (29.9 percent of total county exports), government (15.7 percent), and professional, scientific, and technical services (13.9 percent). Government (24.5 percent of total) and manufacturing (17.9 percent) were the Nye County industries that imported the greatest amount of goods.

Table 5-2. Gross Regional Product by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County, and Nye County, 2014

Industry


GRP ($) % of total

GRP ($) % of total

GRP ($) % of total

GRP ($) % of total

Forestry, fishing & related activities

367,106,837 0.27 22,838,194 0.02 5,515,709 4.22 45,362,201 2.92

Mining, oil & gas extraction

6,411,561,956 4.77 291,640,844 0.31 10,207,481 7.82 448,814,502 28.88

Utilities 2,103,279,129 1.56 1,437,914,167 1.52 1,276,932 0.98 58,346,063 3.75

Construction 6,188,433,181 4.60 4,457,873,380 4.72 3,640,635 2.79 42,765,107 2.75

Manufacturing 5,374,794,567 3.99 2,797,615,851 2.96 2,010,909 1.54 38,948,176 2.51

Wholesale trade 5,951,994,626 4.42 4,078,803,161 4.32 1,394,963 1.07 13,722,301 0.88

Retail trade 8,289,640,894 6.16 6,116,884,207 6.48 8,258,746 6.33 81,478,233 5.24

Transportation & warehousing

4,237,052,547 3.15 2,908,568,324 3.08 6,112,445 4.68 11,495,375 0.74

Information 3,000,928,822 2.23 2,378,110,542 2.52 4,743,499 3.63 15,464,763 1.00

Finance & insurance

8,541,044,969 6.35 6,492,770,165 6.88 5,228,524 4.00 22,301,669 1.44

Real estate & rental and leasing

5,960,512,671 4.43 4,332,094,995 4.59 4,978,658 3.81 29,868,553 1.92

Professional, scientific, & tech services

6,394,248,016 4.75 4,639,351,850 4.91 1,762,848 1.35 152,488,291 9.81

Management of companies & enterprises

3,570,345,478 2.65 2,803,580,756 2.97 69,858 0.05 1,943,108 0.13

Administrative & support & waste mgt. & remediation services

4,438,680,012 3.30 3,397,479,843 3.60 1,488,026 1.14 87,696,681 5.64


627,599,635 0.47 487,321,032 0.52 182,378 0.14 7,106,854 0.46


7,630,375,622 5.67 5,412,947,655 5.73 2,005,772 1.54 54,353,453 3.50


2,911,766,784 2.16 2,157,543,335 2.28 86,083 0.07 35,234,239 2.27


20,027,429,852 14.88 17,738,610,268 18.78 4,289,816 3.29 56,900,907 3.66


2,203,889,736 1.64 1,548,728,927 1.64 1,343,121 1.03 23,837,634 1.53


Table 5-2. Gross Regional Product by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County, and Nye County, 2014 (Continued)

APRIL 2017

Industry


GRP ($) % of total

GRP ($) % of total

GRP ($) % of total

GRP ($) % of total

Government 16,526,786,481 12.28 11,362,268,486 12.03 47,447,035 36.34 141,104,630 9.08

Other Non-Industries

13,797,236,497 10.25 9,572,666,118 10.14 18,520,226 14.18 184,741,181 11.89

Total 134,554,708,313 100 94,435,612,099 100 130,563,662 100 1,553,973,921 100

GRP = Gross Regional Product Source: (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2016)

5.4 EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION

Employee compensation1 in the State of Nevada topped $71.9 billion in 2014 (Figure 5-5), an increase of $16.1 billion from 10 years prior in 2004 ($55.8 billion total). The largest shares of total compensation were found in government and government enterprises (18.7 percent of total; 10.8 percent of which is state government employment), accommodation and food services (17.8 percent) and retail trade (7.0 percent). On average, annual compensation per job in the state of Nevada in 2014 was $57,412. Average compensation per job peaked at $133,431 per year in the utilities sector and $119,827 in management of companies and enterprises sector. (See Appendix C for a time series of compensation.)

Figure 5-5. Total Compensation in Nevada, Clark County,

Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–2014 Source: (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2016)

1 Compensation: The total remuneration, both monetary and in kind, payable by employers to employees in return for their work

during the period. It consists of wages and salaries and of supplements to wages and salaries. Compensation is presented on an accrual basis--that is, it reflects compensation liabilities incurred by the employer in a given period regardless of when the compensation is actually received by the employee.

$0

$10,000,000

$20,000,000

$30,000,000

$40,000,000

$50,000,000

$60,000,000

$70,000,000

$80,000,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Tota

l Co

mp

en

sati

on

($

Tho

usa

nd

s)

Nevada

Clark

Lincoln

Nye


APRIL 2017

For Clark County, compensation totaled over $52.1 billion in 2014, accounting for approximately 72.6 percent of the state total. The greatest share of this was contributed by the accommodation and food services (21.7 percent of the county total), government and government enterprises (17.4 percent, 13.0 percent of which was state government employment), and retail trade (7.1 percent). On average in 2014, annual compensation per job was $56,981, on par with the state average of $57,412. Average compensation per job in Clark County saw highs of $137,712 in the utilities sector and $120,914 in management of companies and enterprises sector.

Total compensation in Lincoln County was just under $84 million in 2014, which represented only 0.1 percent of compensation in the state (Figure 5-6). Of the compensation in Lincoln County, 49.2 percent was contributed by the government and government enterprises sector, 32.2 percent of the total county earnings was in state and local government. Professional, scientific, and technical services contributed 19.6 percent of the county total. Average compensation for Lincoln County was $55,024 in 2014, slightly below the state average of $57,412 per year. Of the values reported by the Bureau of Economic Analysis for Lincoln County (some data was withheld to avoid confidential information disclosure), the highest average compensation is in the federal and civilian government sector at $83,950 per year (Table 5-3).

Figure 5-6. Total Compensation in Lincoln County and Nye County, 2004–2014


In Nye County, the greatest share of total compensation (which stood at $688.4 million in 2014) was contributed by the professional, scientific, and technical services sector, which represented 19.8 percent of total county earnings, followed by government and government enterprises (18.3 percent, with 14.4 percent contributed by state government employment), and mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction with a share of 16.6 percent. Total compensation in Nye County accounted for just under 1.0 percent of the total earnings in the state of Nevada. In 2014, average compensation per year was $59,950, with the highest average accrued to the professional, scientific, and technical services sector ($136,566) followed by workers in government and government enterprises ($125,763).

$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

$500,000

$600,000

$700,000

$800,000

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Tota

l Co

mp

en

sati

no

($

Tho

usa

nd

s)

Lincoln

Nye


APRIL 2017

Table 5-3. Total Compensation by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County and Nye County, 2014

Industrial Sectors


Total ($000) Per Job

($) Total ($000)

Per Job ($)

Total ($000)

Per Job ($)

Total ($000)

Per Job ($)

Total Earning/Averages

71,927,764 57,412 52,187,489 56,981 83,911 55,024 688,403 59,950

Farm 104,457 18,138 4,422 9,530 5,173 20,128 2,951 13,986

Nonfarm 71,823,307 44,637 52,183,067 44,770 78,738 35,198 685,452 44,015

Private 58,386,189 40,521 43,079,384 40,859 37,461 23,224 559,689 40,850


32,169 18,968 9,726 27,320 (D) (D) (D) 21,383


1,522,798 72,778 25,838 8,613 738 4,077 113,975 91,620

Utilities 548,134 133,431 367,691 137,712 (D) (D) 16,705 119,321

Construction 4,169,875 52,244 3,043,844 54,269 (D) (D) 26,440 36,570

Manufacturing 2,939,886 62,475 1,538,427 63,362 (D) (D) 7,716 33,259

Wholesale trade 2,726,233 69,893 1,854,656 72,501 (D) (D) 5,587 45,056

Retail trade 5,012,561 29,787 3,724,026 30,339 4,351 18,282 44,721 24,424


3,264,958 52,076 2,318,772 54,617 3,356 (D) 6,414 27,647

Information 1,047,439 54,028 832,421 55,733 (D) (D) 5,842 42,642


2,719,951 31,130 2,012,293 31,236 1,712 (D) 5,962 12,849


1,251,085 12,277 1,022,823 13,495 204 2,550 3,619 3,555


4,274,463 49,188 3,086,032 50,473 16,452 59,180 136,566 83,120


2,944,624 119,827 2,321,423 120,914 (D) (D) 1,614 9,665


3,175,088 28,552 2,447,272 28,763 (D) (D) 57,444 55,076


490,041 31,881 375,147 34,816 (D) (D) 6,823 28,789


6,525,292 53,153 4,624,110 53,146 (D) (D) 46,181 44,749


1,209,630 23,426 910,962 24,667 (D) (D) 16,139 23,874


12,784,033 40,410 11,320,047 42,635 (D) (D) 36,127 22,551


1,747,929 21,899 1,243,874 22,062 (D) (D) 19,804 18,648

Government 13,437,118 79,897 9,103,683 81,844 41,277 66,149 125,763 67,181

Federal, civilian 1,729,322 95,432 1,183,407 95,698 3,358 83,950 10,681 90,517

Military 1,255,438 67,679 1,117,400 71,131 415 29,643 3,906 32,281


Table 5-3. Total Compensation by Sector in Nevada, Clark County, Lincoln County and Nye County, 2014 (Continued)

APRIL 2017

Industrial Sectors


Total ($000) Per Job

($) Total ($000)

Per Job ($)

Total ($000)

Per Job ($)

Total ($000)

Per Job ($)

State and local 10,452,358 79,480 6,802,876 81,808 37,504 65,796 111,176 68,081

State government

2,671,966 75,984 1,214,584 72,134 10,522 75,157 11,837 71,307

Local government

7,780,392 80,756 5,588,292 84,264 26,982 62,749 99,339 67,716

(D) = Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information. Totals include estimates for this item.

NA = Data not available


5.5 PAYMENTS IN LIEU OF TAXES

An important source of funding to counties that have a large proportion of their land managed by the federal government is the Payment in Lieu of Taxes (PILT) funding allocated to the counties by Congress. The PILT program began in 1976 following the enactment of Public Law (PL) 94-565. Federal PILT payments were designed to supplement other federal land receipt sharing payments and are made to local government units who are allowed to spend it for any governmental purpose. Due to its distinction as the largest federal land management agency, the BLM was chosen by the Secretary of Interior to administer the PILT program. There are three sections in PL 94-565 that distribute money to the states: Section 6902, Section 6904, and Section 6905.

The PILT payment amount is based on the number of acres of federal land within the county, the population of the county, and the Congressionally allocated funding for payments to the local government and for the administration of the program under Section 6902 of the Payments in Lieu of Taxes Act.

The PILT payment is important to the counties, particularly those with only a relatively small population and a high proportion of federal land for which no property taxes are paid. The funds are used to provide important community services by the local governments such as fire and police protection, hospital and public school facilities, road construction, and search and rescue operations.

Section 6902 payments are calculated using one of two equations based on “entitlement lands” within the respective county. Entitlement lands refer to lands owned by the United States Government and include lands in the National Park System, the National Forest System, lands administered by the BLM, or lands involved in Government water resource development projects. Other lands included are: semi-active Army installations used for non-industrial purposes, dredge disposal areas under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Army, National Wildlife Reserve areas withdrawn from the public domain, and some lands donated to the United States Government by state and local governments.

The payment is calculated by taking the higher of two formulas.


APRIL 2017

Formula A uses a legislative established value per acre and multiplies that value by the number of entitlement land acreage in the county minus the payment made last year (University of Nevada, 1995). The University of Nevada (1995) report clarifies that: “only the amount of Federal land payments actually received by units of government in the prior fiscal year are deducted. If a unit of government receives a Federal land payment, but is required by State law to pass all or part of this payment to financially and politically independent school districts, or other single or special purpose district, such redistributed payments are considered to have not been received by the unit of local government and are not deducted from the in-lieu payment. The amounts to be deducted are reported to the Bureau of Land Management each year by the Governor of each State or his delegate.”

The formula value is restricted by a population payment ceiling figured by multiplying the county’s population by the appropriate figure. Populations are based on the most recent census figures. A government may not be credited with a population greater than 50,000 and populations between 5,000 and 50,000 are rounded to the nearest 1,000.

If the calculated value established by Congressional funding multiplied by the number of entitlement acres exceeds the ceiling, the ceiling value minus last year’s payment is the result of Formula A. Formula B is much simpler and figured by taking an established legislative value and multiplying it by the number of entitlement acres. As with Formula A, the population payment ceiling is binding.

Federal entitlement lands include lands within the National Forests and National Parks systems, lands managed by BLM, those affected by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation and other federal lands. Federal land in Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties total 23.6 million acres (Table 5-4).

Table 5-4. Land Ownership Clark County, Lincoln County, Nye County, and Nevada 2012

Ownership Clark County Lincoln County Nye County County Total Nevada

Bureau of Indian Affairs

80,687 0 10,152 90,839 1,005,024

Bureau of Land Management

2,658,717 5,579,994 6,551,860 14,790,571 47,302,951

Bureau of Reclamation

43,229 0 0 43,229 468,634

County 20,302 0 0 20,302 20,302

Department of Defense

391,410 778,915 1,844,321 3,014,646 3,370,301

Department of Energy

4,313 0 874,563 878,876 878,876

Fish and Wildlife Service

280,052 29,349 1,961,652 2,271,053 5,756,228

Forest Service 515,375 270,917 30,730 817,022 1,512,542

National Park Service

568,515 0 106,674 675,189 755,836

Nevada State 46,029 0 9,548 55,577 106,716

Regional Park 0 0 0 0 16,773

Private 533,633 142,952 250,696 927,281 9,214,549

Total 5,142,262 6,802,127 11,640,196 23,584,585 70,408,733

Source: (Bureau of Land Management, 2012)


APRIL 2017

As previously mentioned, the Section 6902 payments are computed using the higher of two computation methodologies. For 2016, the legislative established value is $2.64 per acre of federal land (U.S. Department of Interior, 2016a). Therefore, each of the counties using Formula A multiplies the number of qualified acres by $2.64 times minus the amount of funds received by the county1 in the prior fiscal year under certain federal programs. The second computation methodology (Formula B) uses a flat $0.37 per acre of qualified federal land in the county.

The number of acres of entitlement land and the amount of payment in 2016 for Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties are presented in Table 5-5. It should be noted that the maximum payment made to each county is limited based on the population in the county. The payment is prorated depending on the amount of appropriated funding for the year. The Unit Population is used to determine the population funding limit.

Table 5-5. Payments in Lieu of Taxes to Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, 2016

County Federal Acres

Unit Population

2016 Payment to County*

Payment Methodology

Clark County 4,820,547 50,000 $ 3,369,095* Population Limited Formula A

Lincoln County 6,411,587 5,000 $ 874,508* Population Limited Formula B

Nye County 8,548,257 42,000 $ 3,108,497* Formula B

*Payments were prorated to reflect appropriated funding for the year.

Source: (U.S. Department of Interior, 2016)

5.6 REGIONAL INDUSTRIES

Agriculture and mining are two active industries in Nevada, particularly in the rural areas of Lincoln and Nye Counties. If the NTTR land withdrawal is not extended, nearly 3 million acres could potentially be opened up to those industries. As the lands open, there could also be more opportunities for recreational activities as well.

5.6.1 Agriculture

Agriculture, an important sector in the Nevada economy, significantly contributes to the rural counties’ economies. Cattle and calve production is the leading agriculture activity. Irrigation allows for crop growth, with alfalfa hay as the leading cash crop in the state. In 2014, Nevada’s food and agricultural sector2 resulted in an estimated $4.4 billion in total direct value sales (equivalent to about 1.9 percent of Nevada’s total output), generated 14,491 jobs, and paid $687 million in total income. Food and agriculture production in Nevada, including direct effects and “ripple effects,” generated

1 The University of Nevada (1995) report clarifies that “only the amount of Federal land payments actually received by units of

government in the prior fiscal year are deducted.” If a unit of government is required by law to pass part of this payment to financially and politically independent districts, such redistributed payments are not deducted from the in-lieu payment.

2 Includes farm, food processor, and wholesale and retail levels of the food and agriculture supply chain.


APRIL 2017

an estimated $2.7 billion in additional value added, including 6,239 jobs, $323 million in labor income, and $1.3 billion in combined industrial output. Industries and activities supporting the food and agricultural sector contributed 2,551 jobs, $138 million to labor income (wages, salaries, and proprietor income), and $406 million to industrial output, with $345 million value added. Annual cash receipts from all agricultural commodities in Nevada in 2012 were $716 million; 60 percent of which was from livestock and products, and the remaining 40 percent was derived from crops.

As of 2012, the date of the most recent comprehensive USDA Census of Agriculture for the state of Nevada, there were 4,137 farms1 statewide, encompassing a total of 5,913,761 acres, with an average farm size of 1,429 acres. Of these farms, 185 were in Lincoln County, 198 were in Nye County, and 252 were in Clark County (Table 5-6).

Table 5-6. Farm Statistics, State of Nevada and Affected Counties, 2012

Category State of Nevada

Clark County

Lincoln County

Nye County

Total farms 4,137 252 185 198

Land in farms (acres) 5,913,761 15,620 (D) 65,116

Average farm size (acres) 1,429 62 (D) 329

Total cropland (acres) 756,852 4,426 22,380 26,354

Harvested cropland (acres) 582,494 2,690 20,299 15,329

Irrigated land (acres) 687,790 3,714 22,007 20,017

Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold:

Total sales (thousands) 764,144 6,825 23,215 70,495

Average per farm ($) 184,710 27,083 125,486 356,035

Estimated market value of land and buildings:

Average per farm ($) 1,324,673 347,791 1,074,735 703,429

Average per acre ($) 927 5,611 2,906 2,139

Estimated market value of all machinery and equipment ($ thousands)

556,947 16,714 26,876 25,189

(D) - Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information. Totals include estimates for this item.

Source: (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2014)

Due in part to continuing urbanization and other economic considerations, the general trend for farms in Nevada is a greater number of smaller farms. That is, from 2002 to 2012, farm sizes declined but the total number of farm operations increased. The total number of farmland acres in the state of Nevada dropped from 6,330,622 to 5,913,761 and the size of the average farm decreased from 2,118 to 1,429 acres while the total number of farms increased from 2,989 to 4,137 over that same period. The number of farm workers in Nevada increased from 4,810 in 2002 to 5,759 in 2014, an average annual increase of 1.97 percent, and the total number of farm proprietors increased over that period from 2,912 to 3,653, an average annual increase of 2.54 percent.

1 The U.S. Department of Agriculture defines a “farm” as any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were

produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the census year. The current definition was first used in the 1974 USDA Census of Agriculture and has been used in each subsequent agriculture census. This definition is consistent with the definition used for current USDA surveys (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2014).


APRIL 2017

In Clark County from 2002 to 2012, the total number of farmland acres dropped considerably from 68,925 to 15,620, having reached its peak in 2007 of 88,381 acres. The size of the average farm decreased from 272 to 62 acres, while the total number of farms only decreased from 253 to 252 over that same period, dropping to 193 in 2007 (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2014; U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2004). The number of farm workers in Clark County increased from 406 to 464, an average annual increase of 1.43 percent, and the total number of farm proprietors decreased over that period from 249 to 210, an average annual decrease of 1.57 percent (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2016).

Nye County saw a significant drop in total number of farmland acres declining from a total of 97,604 in 2002 to 65,115 in 2012. The majority of this reduction occurred after 2007, considering there were 90,868 farmland acres in 2007 in Nye County. The total number of farms increased from 172 to 198 between 2002 and 2012. The number of farm workers in Nye County decreased from 302 in 2002 to 211 in 2014, an average annual decrease of 3.01 percent, and the total number of farm proprietors decreased over that period from 168 to 163, an average annual decrease of 0.3 percent.

Data for farmland acres for Lincoln County in 2002 and 2012 was withheld by the USDA to avoid disclosing data for individual farms, but was reported in 2007. In 2007, there were 98 farms encompassing a total of 46,271 acres for an average farm size of 472 acres. The number of farm workers in Lincoln County increased from 147 in 2002 to 257 in 2014, an average annual increase of 7.48 percent, and the total number of farm proprietors increased over that period from 106 to 166, an average annual increase of 5.66 percent.

The focus of agricultural production in Nevada is directed toward range livestock production, with cattle and calves representing the leading enterprise. Roughly 60 percent of cash receipts from all agricultural commodities in Nevada in 2012 were from livestock and livestock products, with a total value of $283 million. In 2014, cash receipts from livestock and livestock products were $393 million, accounting for 45 percent of all agricultural and food production receipts, making the livestock industry the largest single agricultural enterprise in Nevada.

Other important livestock commodities include dairy, sheep, lambs, and hogs. Larger cattle and sheep ranches are located in the northern half of the state (Table 5-7). While the greatest number of dairies is in northern Nevada, the largest dairies are located in the southern part of the state.

Table 5-7. Cattle and Calf Inventory, 2002, 2007, and 2012

Location

2002 2007 2012

Farms Cattle and

Calves Farms

Cattle and

Calves Farms

Cattle and

Calves

State of Nevada 1,583 460,263 1,513 441,629 1,822 420,322

Clark County 82 (D) 67 5,018 92 2,976

Lincoln County 89 13,703 74 16,243 141 18,185

Nye County 79 27,657 80 29,422 88 28,672




APRIL 2017

Alfalfa hay is the leading cash crop of the state, much of which is sold to dairy operations in surrounding states, or exported as cubes and compressed bales and exported overseas (Table 5-8). Alfalfa hay had a total production value in 2012 of $218 million. Additional crops produced in substantial quantities in Nevada include potatoes, barley, winter and spring wheat, corn, oats, onions, garlic and honey, while smaller acreages of mint, fruits, and vegetables are grown throughout the state.

Table 5-8. Alfalfa Harvest 2002, 2007, and 2012

Location

2002 2007 2012

Farms Acres Alfalfa hay production (dry tons)



State of Nevada

1,379 502,724 1,534,490 1,417 470,068 1,558,120 1,766 524,992 1,796,932

Clark County

48 5,259 (D) 30 2,587 (D) 74 (D) 8,542

Lincoln County

60 16,156 (D) 66 14,215 (D) 96 18,135 90,260

Nye County 59 17,105 (D) 45 11,607 (D) 55 13,981 73,207



5.6.2 Mining

The mining industry plays an integral role in the economy of Nevada. Although active mining has occurred almost continuously since the 1840s, Nevada still possesses considerable reserves and remains one of the more prospective mineral provinces in the world. In 2014, the total value of all mined commodities was approximately $7.4 billion, nearly 91 percent of which was the result of gold and silver mining (approximately $6.5 billion). In 2013, the total value was $9.0 billion and $6.9 billion in 2012 (Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, 2015). During 2004 through 2014, the mining sector saw the largest compound annual growth rate (13.9 percent) of gross domestic product of any other sector. By comparison, the education sector was next at 8.7 percent (Nevada Mining Association, 2015).

When taking into consideration direct, indirect, and induced economic impacts, the Nevada mining industry supported 29,434 jobs (paying approximately $1.6 billion in wages and salaries) and generated roughly $8.8 billion in economic output in 2012. This translated into approximately 2.6 percent of Nevada’s employment, 3.3 percent of total wages and salaries, and 6.6 percent of the state’s total economic output (Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, 2016).

In 2015, Nevada led the nation in the production of gold, barite, lithium, and magnesium compounds and was responsible for a considerable percentage of the total U.S. production of several minerals, including barite (63.1 percent), diatomite (50.2 percent), and perlite (8.4 percent) (Table 5-9). Nevada’s mines produced 166.1 metric tons of gold in 2015 (an 8.1 percent increase over the 153.7 metric tons produced in 2014), which accounted for 83.0 percent of total U.S. gold production and 5.5 percent of total world production. Nevada’s production of gypsum accounted for 23.5 percent of the


APRIL 2017

U.S. production and 1.0 percent of production worldwide in 2015. Other key minerals and commodities produced from Nevada’s mines include: silver, lead, copper, zinc, tungsten, molybdenum, dolomite, sulfur, silica, petroleum products, sand and gravel, and various clays.

Table 5-9. Metric Tons of Selected Nevada Mined Commodities and Percentage of Total U.S. Production, 2011–2015

Commodity

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Metric tons

% U.S.

Metric tons

% U.S.

Metric tons

% U.S.

Metric tons

% U.S.

Metric tons %

U.S.

Gold 172.2 73.6 174.7 74.3 169.1 73.5 153.7 73.2 166.1 83.0

Silver 222.1 19.8 265.2 25.0 269.6 25.9 340.1 28.8 294.4 26.9

Copper 56,150.8 5.1 65,915.5 5.6 62,466.4 5.0 60,153.7 4.4 80,575.2 6.4

Gypsum 903,511.5 9.2 1,344,190.1 9.1 1,636,830.7 10.6 2,296,483.7 20.9 2,706,772.6 23.5

Diatomite 453,762.9 55.8 392,624.1 53.4 408,877.2 52.3 477,252.7 53.0 464,127.5 50.2

Barite 659,906.9 92.9 359,183.5 53.9 364,807.1 50.5 781,149.6 57.8 441,840.7 63.1

Perlite 9,100.0 2.2 10,547.8 2.7 10,951.5 2.6 18,202.7 4.0 40,633.7 8.4

Source: (Nevada Mining Association, 2016a)

There were 110 active mines in Nevada in 2014, 4 of which were located in Clark County, 21 in Nye County, and 1 in Lincoln County. In 2004, a total of 96 mining operations existed in Nevada; in the period of 2004–2014, the number of mining operations fluctuated from a low of 94 in 2007 to a high of 126 in 2012 (Nevada Mining Association, 2016a).

Clark County had four actively producing mines in 2014, which employed a total of 455. The primary materials that were mined included limestone, gypsum, dolomite, and silica sands. In total, 7.3 million metric tons of commodities were mined in 2014, and 5.8 million metric tons of commodities were produced (Table 5-10) (Nevada Mining Association, 2016b).

Table 5-10. Clark County Mining and Production by Mineral 2013–2014

Type Metric Tons (thousands)

% change 2013 2014

Total Commodities Mined 4,555.0 7,344.6 61.2

Total Commodities Produced 4,165.8 5,856.4 40.6

Dolomite Mined 289.8 275.3 -5.0

Dolomite Production 289.8 84.7 -70.8

Gypsum Mined 1,263.9 2,104.8 66.5

Gypsum Production 1,236.6 1,857.7 50.2

Limestone (High Calcium) Production 0.0 489.9 -

Limestone Mined 1,715.7 4,057.3 136.5

Limestone Production 1,715.7 2,718.5 58.4

Silica Sand Mined 907.2 907.2 0.0

Silica Sand Production 545.2 666.5 22.2

Source: (Nevada Mining Association, 2016b)

Although Lincoln County has an extensive mining history, in 2014, there was only one

mine in active production, with a total of eight direct employees. In 2014, the mine

produced 1,981.3 metric tons of perlite, up 22.4 percent from 2013 production of

1,618.4 metric tons (Nevada Mining Association, 2016c).


APRIL 2017

In 2014, Nye County had 21 mines actively producing, which employed a total of 1,202.

Nye County had the greatest number of active mines in Nevada (Churchill County was

second with 14 mines). Primary mining products include clays (smectite, bentonite,

saponite, and sepiolite), gold, silver, and magnesium. In total, 519.9 thousand metric

tons of commodities were mined in Nye County with 119.8 metric tons produced (Table

5-11) (Nevada Mining Association, 2016d). Of note, 10.0 metric tons of gold were

produced in 2013 and 10.5 metric tons in 2014, with approximate market values of

$453.7 million and $427.5 million, respectively, based on year end gold prices.

Table 5-11. Nye County Mining and Production by Mineral 2013–2014

Type Metric Tons

% change 2013 2014

Total Commodities Mined 411,020.0 519,913.0 26.5

Total Commodities Produced 115,633.3 119,840.4 3.6

Bentonite/Saponite/Sepiolite Mined 16,329.3 129,474.3 692.9

Bentonite/Saponite/Sepiolite Production 16,329.3 24,454.0 49.8

Clay (Smectite) Production 299.4 4,642.1 1,450.5

Gold Production 10.0 10.5 5

Magnesium Carbonate Mined 394,690.7 390,438.7 -1.1

Magnesium Oxide Production 98,974.7 93,715.8 -5.3

Silver Production 19.8 18.1 -8.6

Source: (Nevada Mining Association, 2016d)

5.6.3 Recreation

As the lands on the NTTR are withdrawn from public use by the Military Lands

Withdrawal Act of 1999 (PL 106-65), public recreational activities are prohibited with

some exception for certain limited hunting activities, the majority of the NTTR has not

been developed for residences or recreation, and other human uses and are strictly

controlled, with the exception of some mining and ranching activities that were in place

prior to the initial land withdrawal.

Recreational activities on BLM-administered lands are generally divided into “quiet” and

“non-quiet” categories. Quiet recreation would include those activities not involving

significant use of motorized equipment other than transportation to and from the

recreation site (e.g., hiking, camping hunting, or wildlife viewing). Non-quiet recreation

would include those activities that primarily involve the use of motorized equipment

(e.g., boating, off-highway vehicle [OHV] riding, or snowmobiling). Table 5-12 outlines

the most popular recreational uses of BLM-administered lands. On all of the BLM-

administered lands in the United States, quiet recreation users spent approximately

$1.8 billion within 50 miles of recreation sites in 2014, resulting in overall economic

contributions of $800 million in personal income, $1.5 billion in value added, economic

output of over $2.8 billion, and approximately 25,000 jobs.


APRIL 2017

Table 5-12. Recreational Use of BLM-Administered Public Lands, U.S. Total, 2014

Activities Visitor Days (Thousands)

Percent of Total

Land-Based Activities

Camping and Picnicking 24,364 38.9

Non-Motorized Travel 6,987 11.2

Off-Highway Travel 6,566 10.5

Hunting 5,845 9.3

Specialized Sports, Events, and Activities 3,880 6.2

Viewing Public Land Resources 3,845 6.1

Driving for Pleasure 2,600 4.2

Interpretation and Education 1,618 2.6

Water-Based Activities

Boating/Row/Float/Paddle 2,605 4.2

Fishing 2,135 3.4

Boating/Motorized 1,134 1.8

Swimming and Other Water Activities 546 0.9

Snow and Ice-Based Activities

Other Winter Activities 289 0.5

Snowmobile and Motorized Travel 235 0.4

Total 62,649 100.0

Source: (ECONorthwest, 2016)

In 2014, there were 7,219,759 total visits to BLM-administered areas in Nevada,

3,909,908 of which were considered quiet recreation visits. The total visits resulted in

5,188,722 visitor days, 2,724,866 of which were spent in quiet recreation activities.

Direct spending within 50 miles of BLM recreation sites in Nevada in 2014 was

estimated at $168.8 million. Overall economic contribution from quiet recreation visits on

BLM-administered lands in Nevada included $58.8 million in labor income,

$106.2 million in value added, $171.5 million in output, and the addition of 1,611 jobs1

(ECONorthwest, 2016).

Identified recreational activities on BLM-administered lands adjacent to the NTTR

include motorcycle and OHV riding, horseback riding and backpack trips, mountain

bicycling, camping, driving for pleasure, hiking, hunting, photography, rock climbing,

rock collecting, nature study, wildlife/wild horse/burro viewing, picnicking, cross country

skiing, snowmobiling, and four-wheel driving.

Mountain biking activities continue to be developed north and west of Beatty, Nevada,

which lies to the southwest of the NTTR. Figure 5-7 displays some of the existing

(shown as green lines) and proposed trails (red lines).

1 Labor income, equivalent to employee compensation, is a subset of output, and includes workers’ wages and salary, benefits

(health, disability, and life insurance, retirement payments, and non-cash payments. Value added is output minus intermediate consumption and is a measure of the contribution to gross domestic product made by and individual producer, industry, or sector. Output is the value of goods and services produced; the broadest measure of economic activity. Jobs are measured in terms of full-year equivalents and equals 12 months of work in a given industry (ECONorthwest, 2016).


APRIL 2017

Figure 5-7. Bicycle Trails Existing and Proposed in the Beatty, Nevada, Area, 2016 Source: (GRO Trails and Race Consulting, 2016)


APRIL 2017

A non-profit corporation, Saving Toads thru Off Road Racing, Ranching and Mining in

Oasis Valley (STORM-OV) was formed to create 300 to 500 miles of off-road, multi-use

trails for mountain biking, hiking running and horseback. Its plans are for the trails to

eventually link Beatty to Death Valley, Rhyolite, and other regional trails. The trails

would run through federal lands and private lands whose owners are willing to grant

permission for its use for the trails. According to the Regional Director of the

International Mountain Biking Association, the trails could bring $25 million to $42

million to the Beatty area (Pahrump Valley Times, 2015).

Portions of some Nevada Department of Wildlife Boundary Units are located within the

NTTR; hunters are allowed in these areas only after complying with NTTR safety and

security requirements, including a background check and a hunter safety briefing

(Nevada Department of Wildlife , 2016a). Big game animal species hunted in Nevada

include antelope, bear, bighorn sheep (desert Rocky Mountain and California), mule

deer, pronghorn antelope, mountain goats, and elk. In the Wildlife Boundary Units that

are adjacent to (and cross into) the NTTR, only pronghorn Antelope, mule deer, and

desert bighorn sheep hunting is allowed (Nevada Department of Wildlife, 2016b).

On the portions of the DNWR managed only by the USFWS, non-wildlife-dependent

recreational opportunities include primitive camping, picnicking, backpacking, and

hiking. Wildlife-dependent recreational opportunities include wildlife watching,

photography, and hunting (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2009).

The USFWS National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation for Nevada indicates that approximately 734,000 Nevada residents and non-residents over the age of 16 fished, hunted, or watched wildlife in 2011, resulting in an overall spending of $1.2 billion. Of this total, expenditures related to trips were $284 million, equipment expenditures were $512 million, and $387 million were spent on licenses, contributions, and land ownership and leasing. Anglers spent $139 million in Nevada in 2011, hunters spent $205 million, and wildlife watchers spent $682 million (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 2013).

6. ECONOMICS OF NELLIS AFB, CREECH AFB, AND THE NTTR

Military activities contribute significantly to the regional economy both directly and indirectly, but it should be noted that Clark County receives the majority of this economic impact. In 2015, a total of 13,271 military, civilian, and contractor personnel were employed at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR combined. Civilian employees include 1,005 appropriated fund civilians and 484 non-appropriated fund civilians with 310 civilians working at the base exchange and 1,533 civilians working under contract (Table 6-1). The military alone had 23,398 dependents. The total payroll for Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR in 2015 was $1.134 billion.


APRIL 2017

Table 6-1. Base Employment and Annual Payroll by Labor Categories at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR, 2015

Employment Category Employees Payroll

($ Millions)

Military

Active Duty Military 9,103 $807.4

Reserve/Air National Guard 620 $12.9

Subtotal 9,723 $820.3

Appropriated-Fund Civilians

General Schedule Federal Wage Schedule

882 123

$59.4 $7.7

Subtotal 1,005 $67.1

Non-Appropriated-Fund Civilians

Civilian NAF Civilian Base Exchange Contract Civilians Private Businesses

484 310

1,533 216

$12.2 $6.8

$221.3 $6.9

Subtotal 2,543 $247.2

Total Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR 13,271 $1,134.6


6.1 MILITARY AND APPROPRIATED FUND CIVILIAN PERSONNEL, 2009 TO 2015

Each year, Nellis AFB publishes an Economic Impact Analysis report that identifies the number of personnel by various labor categories. The total number of personnel employed at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR varied from a low in 2012 of 12,540 employees to a high of 15,088 in 2011. The employment in 2015 is estimated at 13,271 (Table 6-2). Military personnel constitute the majority of the personnel working at the installations. Between 2009 and 2015, the military employment has ranged from a low of 8,475 in 2012 to a high of 10,809 in 2011. There were 9,723 military personnel in 2015.

Table 6-2. Base Personnel by Labor Categories at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR, 2009–2015

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Active Duty 8,932 9,410 9,748 8,186 10,099 9,523 9,103

Reserve/Air National Guard 862 983 1,061 289 678 768 620

Appropriated Fund Civilians 947 931 967 868 838 918 1,005

Other Civilians 2,576 3,435 3,312 3,197 2,925 2,762 2,543

Total 13,317 14,759 15,088 12,540 14,540 13,971 13,271

Source: (Nellis AFB, 2009; 2010; 2011; 2012) (Nellis AFB, 2013; 2014; 2015)

Since 2010, the annual total payroll was in excess of $1,100 million ($1.1 billion) per year (Figure 6-1). Military payrolls ranged from $709.1 million in 2009 reaching $1,190.2 million ($1.19 billion) in 2013 then falling slightly to $1,142.6 million ($1.14 billion) in 2015. Non-appropriated civilian and on-site contractor payroll was $201.1 million in 2009 and $247.2 million in 2015. The payroll for appropriated fund civilian employees varied from $64.8 million to $77.9 million over the 2009 to 2015 time frame.


APRIL 2017

. Figure 6-1. Personnel Payrolls ($Millions)

at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR, 2009 to 2015 Source: (Nellis AFB, 2009; 2010; 2011; 2012) (Nellis AFB, 2013; 2014; 2015)

6.2 ANNUAL EXPENSES

Annual expenses at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR in 2015 totaled $3.44 billion (Table 6-3). The annual expenses include maintaining inventory at the Commissary and Army Air Force Exchange Service, Tri-Care costs and for other materials and supplies.

Table 6-3. Annual Expenditures ($ Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR for 2015

Expense Category Amount ($ millions)

Commissary (Inventory) $2.6

Army Air Force Exchange Service (Inventory) $13.8

Health (Tri-Care) $176.9

Education (Tuition Assistance) $5.2

Temporary Duty $332.0

Other (Materials, Equipment, Supplies) $800.8

Government Purchase Card Expenses $23.6

Utilities $12.1

Service Contracts $119.2

Construction (Includes Military Construction, Non-Appropriated Funds and Operation & Maintenance)

$86.3

Subtotal $1,572.5

Multi-Year Capital Assets Existing Equipment (Inventory) $678.8

Multi-Year Contracts $681.8

Miscellaneous Contracts $502.9

Subtotal $1,863.5

Total Annual Expenditures $3,436.0


$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

$800

$900

$1,000

$1,100

$1,200

$1,300

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Pay

roll

($M

illio

ns)

Total

Military

NAF Civilians & On-Site Contractors.

Appropriated Fund Civilians


APRIL 2017

Between 2009 and 2015, total expenditures varied from a low of $2.96 billion in 2013 to a high of $3.44 billion in 2015 (Figure 6-2).

Figure 6-2. Total Annual Expenditures ($ Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB and NTTR 2009–2015


6.2.1 Temporary Duty Expenses

The extensive training conducted at the NTTR is reflected in the magnitude of temporary duty (TDY) expenses that cover lodging and per diem for the personnel on TDY at NTTR. For example, the Red Flag exercises in January and February 2016 had more than 80 aircraft scheduled to depart Nellis AFB twice a day with flights up to five hours with more than 30 different organizations from the United States, Europe, and Australia participating. With typically over 1,000 TDY personnel conducting business at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, or the NTTR, the annual cost of lodging and per diem for TDY personnel ranged from a low of $118.9 million to a high of $332.0 million over the period from 2009 to 2015 (Figure 6-3).

Figure 6-3. Temporary Duty Expenses ($ Millions) at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR 2009–2015


$3,258.8

$3,102.8

$3,000.2

$3,226.0

$2,956.2

$3,033.2

$3,436.0

$2,700

$2,800

$2,900

$3,000

$3,100

$3,200

$3,300

$3,400

$3,500

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

An

nu

al E

xpe

nd

itu

res

($M

illio

ns)

Fiscal Year

$229.6 $207.8

$161.8

$182.3 $154.9

$118.8

$332.0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

TDY

Exp

en

sie

s ($

Mill

ion

s)

Fiscal Year


APRIL 2017

6.2.2 Service Contracts for NTTR

Service contracts provide additional manpower and skills in support of the activities at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR. One large cost requirement is the decontamination of the NTTR. The total amount appropriated and obligated for decontamination by the NTTR in 2015 was $7.62 million (Table 6-4). Additionally, in the same year, the 99 CES Explosive Ordnance Disposal (CED) Flight spent $149,000 on decontamination (Table 6-5).

Table 6-4. Annual Expenses for Decontamination at the NTTR, Fiscal Year 2015

Expense Category Amount

Supplies $436,774

Vehicles/Fuels $54,652

Billeting, Per Diem and Travel Costs (TDY) $59,627

NTTR Maintenance Manpower Costs $7,471,747

Total $8,022,800

Source: (U.S. Air Force, 2016b)

Table 6-5. Annual Amount of Funding Expenses for Decontamination by 99 CES Explosive Ordnance Disposal Flight, Fiscal Year 2015

Expense Category Amount

Supplies $5,751

Vehicles/Fuels $15,373

Billeting, per diem and travel costs (TDY) $27,780

Explosive Ordnance Disposal Explosives $100,463

Total $149,367

TDY = temporary duty Source: (U.S. Air Force, 2016b)

In total, service contracts, at $119.2 million in 2015, varied over the years ranging from a high of $223.6 million in 2009 to a low of $93.3 million in 2014 (Table 6-6).

Table 6-6. Annual Expenses for Service Contracts ($ Millions) 2009–2015

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Service Contracts $223.6 $112.4 $98.1 $149.3 $129.1 $93.3 $119.2


6.3 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY/NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION NEVADA AT TONOPAH

The DOE/NNSA Field Office activities on the Tonopah Test Range were staffed by 23 SNL personnel and 30 contractors in 2014. Responsibilities for these personnel include technical operations associated with nuclear weapons flight test missions and the maintenance of the test range facility. Their fiscal year 2015 activities included technical group and planning meetings, corrective action plans, radiological survey, and characterization of contaminated debris outside of a Contamination Area at Clean Slate III. These activities resulted in the removal of 1,500 pounds of contaminated debris and


APRIL 2017

other actions. The total cost in fiscal year 2015 for these activities was approximately $1.1 million.

6.4 MILITARY RETIREES

Military retirees will often locate in proximity to a military base so they can draw on the services for which they are eligible such a health care offered at the base. As a result, retirement funds that they receive are generally spent in the local economy. In 2015, total retirement pay for military retirees in the Las Vegas Metropolitan area was estimated at $735.4 million (Table 6-7).

Table 6-7. Military Retiree and Pay in the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, Fiscal Year 2015

Branch of Service Number of Retirees Retirement Pay

(in Millions)

Air Force 14,702 $386.1

Army 5,936 $135.9

Navy 6,676 $165.0

Marines 1,664 $44.0

Coast Guard 397 $4.4

Total 29,375 $735.4


The number of military retirees attracted to the Las Vegas metropolitan area increased considerably since 2009 and as a result the total military retiree payrolls has increased (Figure 6-4).

Figure 6-4. Military Retirees and Payroll

Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, 2009–2015 Source: (Nellis AFB, 2015)

580

600

620

640

660

680

700

720

740

760

26,500

27,000

27,500

28,000

28,500

29,000

29,500

30,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Re

tire

e P

ayro

ll ($

Mill

ion

s)

Nu

mb

er

of

Re

tire

es

Fiscal Year

Number of Retirees

Payroll ($Millions)


APRIL 2017

7. ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

The primary goal of the EIA is to place an economic value on the Proposed Action. A commonly-used technique for conducting EIA is through the application of input-output (I-O) models. I-O models track the flow of income through the economy to measure the impacts on different industries. The I-O model estimates the change in expenditures and in employment that result from a proposed change in economic activity (such as not extending the NTTR land withdrawal) and then applies the changes in employment and expenditures to estimate total changes for each industry.

7.1 ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS MODEL

The Nellis AFB EIA model takes into effect that purchases from one industry may result in that industry purchasing services, parts, or other inputs from a different industry. In estimating these ripple effects from the change in NTTR activities on the region, the I-O models incorporate multipliers that reflect the total economic impact changes resulting from the change in the direct purchases and expenditures from the changes in activities at NTTR. The multipliers used in the EIA model determine the amount that each industrial category spends within each industrial category. This relationship between all industries is referred to as an I-O table, which can then be applied to estimate the impacts on other industries when expenditures have changed within the regional economy.

The three types of economic impacts from changes in the utilization of the NTTR can be summarized as:

Direct Impacts. The economic changes in the impacted industry, i.e., the employment, income (payroll) paid and economic output related to the changes in the use of the NTTR and proposed expansion areas.

Indirect Impacts. The changes in the local business sector as a result of the changes in demand from the directly affected industry. In this case, indirect impacts relate to the employment, income, and economic output related to the purchases of goods and services by the activities related to the NTTR and adjacent lands.

Induced Impacts. Changes in employment, income, and economic output related to the changes in spending of the incomes earned through the direct and indirect expenditures.

The EIA for Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR estimates the total impact from its current operations by establishing a baseline that represents the proposed Status Quo alternative (Alternative 1). Using the Status Quo as the baseline allows a comparison of the impact from the changes in economic activity that would potentially result from the proposed action alternatives and the No Action Alternative.


APRIL 2017

7.2 IMPACT OF THE PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE ACTIONS

The NTTR is currently available for both DoD and non-DoD users who have valid requirements for its capabilities. The action alternatives analyzed in the draft LEIS each preserve the NTTR for the purposes of the current withdrawal, which includes use by the Air Force as an armament and high-hazard testing area; for training for aerial gunnery, rocketry, electronic warfare, and tactical maneuvering for air support; for equipment and tactics development and testing, and for other defense-related purposes related to the abovementioned. Under all of the alternatives, with the exception of the No Action Alternative, the Air Force would not relinquish any lands.

The action alternatives include:

Alternative 1 - Extend Existing Land Withdrawal and Management of NTTR (North and South Range) – Status Quo

Alternative 2 - Extend Existing Land Withdrawal and Provide Ready Access in the North and South Ranges

Alternative 3 - Expand Withdrawal of Public Lands for the NTTR (includes three subalternatives)

Alternative 4 - Establish the Period of Withdrawal (includes three subalternatives of 20 years, 50 years, or indefinitely).

Under the No Action Alternative, Congress would not take action to extend the withdrawal legislation in time to support the MLWA expiration in November 2021. The No Action Alternative would then result in the cessation of all military activities on the NTTR. If this were to occur:

BLM-Administered public lands would be subject to multiple resource management objectives of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976; surface management responsibilities of the DNWR would remain with the USFWS.

Previous prohibitions of the MLWA under public land laws would expire, thus, appropriative land uses such as mining, mineral leasing, or livestock grazing could be reintroduced.

Management of former NTTR lands would continue as currently directed until new management planning under appropriate federal laws and regulations could be completed.

Segregation of former NTTR lands from appropriative land uses would continue until the Secretary of the Interior publishes an order opening the lands for such uses.

If NTTR lands are contaminated, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of the Air Force would determine if decontamination is feasible and if the lands, upon decontamination, could be opened to operation under public land laws. If


APRIL 2017

this is the case, the Secretary of the Air Force would decontaminate the NTTR lands to the extent that funds are appropriated for that purpose.

The LEIS will address the impacts of the No Action Alternative in a programmatic nature. However, the restoring of past appropriate land uses would require new land use planning and NEPA analyses and as noted in Section 1, it is estimated that the NTTR infrastructure has an estimated value of roughly $4 billion. Consequently, it would be extremely cost prohibitive to try to recreate the NTTR’s existing infrastructure at another range. In addition to the infrastructure costs, it is estimated that the cost to clean up contaminated sites on the NTTR would range from $1 to 4 billion. Consequently, if the DoD was required to recreate the infrastructure at another range as well as clean up current contamination, the cost would range from $5 to 8 billion.

7.2.1 Alternative 1 - Extend the Existing Land Withdrawal and Management of the NTTR (North and South Range) – Status Quo

The economic impact of the Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR activities is the sum of the total payroll plus the annual base expenditures and the estimated value of the jobs created as a result of the expenditures by the installations as well as those of the military members and civilian employees directly and indirectly employed.

For 2015 the total economic impact of the Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR activities is estimated at $5.549 billion (Table 7-1). For comparison, the Total Gross Regional Product for Nevada, which is the total value of all goods and services produced in Nevada, is $134.5 billion.

Table 7-1. Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and NTTR Total Economic Impact (Baseline), Fiscal Year 2015

Economic Activity Economic Baseline for this EIA

Annual Payroll $1,134,733,812

Retirees Payroll $735,384,000

Annual Expenditures $3,436,073,129

Annual Value of Jobs Created 242,654,680

Total $5,548,845,621


The Nellis AFB EIA model estimates that the number of indirect and induced jobs is 5,783 for 2015 with a total indirect/induced payroll of $242.6 million (Table 7-2).

Table 7-2. Annual Indirect/Induced Jobs and Pay, Fiscal Year 2015

Branch of Service Number of Base

Jobs in 2015 Indirect/Induced Jobs

Created New Job Pay (in Millions)

Active Duty Military 9,103 3,732 $156.6

Reserve/Air National Guard 620 99 $4.1

Appropriated Fund Civilians 1,005 553 $23.2

Other Civilians 2,543 1,399 $58.7

Total 13,271 5,783 $242.6



APRIL 2017

Continuing the current land withdrawal and training activities (i.e., Alternative 1) would have no further impact on the region than the baseline economic impact because payrolls and expenditures would be expected to continue at typical levels though they may change as new technologies, aircraft, and military strategies are introduced.

7.2.2 Alternative 2 - Extend the Existing Land Withdrawal and Provide Ready Access to the North and South Ranges

This alternative would extend the current land withdrawal, changing the jurisdictional management of the South Range so the Air Force would have the lead role in management of withdrawn lands, which gives the Air Force greater flexibility to meet current and future NTTR mission requirements. The intent of the action under this alternative is to provide equal capabilities for training and testing in the North Range and South Range, relieving scheduling challenges and increasing throughput. Alternative 2’s economic impacts would likely include increased expenditures associated with the increased NTTR use.

If Alternative 2 was chosen, it is anticipated that there would be a 30 percent increase in aircraft operations; a significant portion would be associated with TDY activities related to Red Flag. The annual cost of lodging and per diem for TDY personnel ranged from a low of $118.9 million to a high of $332.0 million over the period from 2009 to 2015. Assuming TDY activities would increase by 30 percent over the median of 2009–2015, which is $225 million, the estimated economic increase would be $67 million.

7.2.3 Alternative 3 - Expand the Withdrawal of Public Lands for the NTTR

Alternative 3 includes three subalternatives that would provide the Air Force ready access within the current NTTR boundary plus additional lands needed for operational and safety requirements as well as provide more realistic integrated air defense, moving targets and the ability to conduct operations in a contested and/or degraded environment (Figure 7-1). Each subalternative is summarized below.

Under Alternative 3A, the EC South area would be re-designated as “Range 77” to allow full air-to-ground operations. This area was previously used for live-fire exercises in the past but had been changed to an electronic range. Alternative 3A would increase the NTTR boundary by 17,960 acres and would be used to add buffer to the safety footprint of Range 77. There would be no construction disturbance or munitions use in this area. It would only serve as a safety buffer for live weapons deployment on the interior of Range 77.

Alternative 3B would withdraw an additional 56,520 acres along the current NTTR boundary, while 48,800 acres are located along the southern border of the NTTR (areas designated as 64C/D and 65D) and 6,496 acres parallel to the current NTTR boundary and a Highway 95 Nevada Department of Transportation right-of-way. Withdrawing both of these areas would support the NTTR with operational security and safety buffers based on the need for increasing operational requirements associated with military test and training as well as alleviating competition for electronic assets used on the NTTR. The remaining 1,125 acres would be along the eastern edge of range areas 63B/63C.


APRIL 2017

Figure 7-1. Land Affected by Alternatives 3A, 3B and 3C

Source: (U.S. Air Force, 2016a)


APRIL 2017

As illustrated in Figure 7-1, Alternative 3C would request the withdrawal of approximately 227,027 acres of the DNWR to correspond with potential weapons safety footprints associated with target impact areas located on the South Range. These safety footprint areas must be controlled for safety purposes and would not be used for target impact areas.

Each of the Alternative 3 subalternatives withdraws the land from its present usage and places it under the jurisdiction of the Air Force. As stated previously, these areas would be withdrawn for safety and security purposes and would not be used for live target impact areas. The increase in the land withdrawn would provide the opportunity to alter the configuration of the training missions on the South Range. The current recreational uses of the land along with any agricultural activities such as grazing that may be taking place on those lands would likely be eliminated or available to the public on a limited basis or through specific agreements (in cases such as grazing rights). Additional expenditures from the new training configurations potentially could offset some of the resulting economic losses.

The additional land withdrawal in total of 301,507 acres would include about 227,027 acres managed by the USFWS as part of the DNWR and more than 35,361 acres managed by BLM, some of which is grazing land.

Table 7-3. Land Affected Acreage* by County from Alternatives 3A, 3B, and 3C

Alternative Clark Lincoln Nye Total

3A - - 17,9960 17,960

3B 46,740 - 9,780 57,000

3C 72,649 154,378 - 227,027

Total 119,389 154,378 27,740 301,507

* Approximate acres

Source: (U.S. Air Force, 2016a)

7.2.3.1 Impacts on Payment in Lieu of Taxes

The withdrawal of the additional acreage may have a potential impact on the PILT for each county. This is particularly case with Nye County since all of Alternative 3A is located in Nye County. Nye County’s total PILT for 2016 (Table 5-5) provides revenue of $3,108,497 based on 8,546,257 acres (a value of about $0.36 per acre was funded in 2016). The withdrawal of the additional land from Nye County under Alternatives 3A and 3B (estimated at about 28,000 acres) may reduce its annual PILT allocation by about $10,400, which amounts to about 0.3 percent of the county’s total allocation for 2016. No acres in Nye County are affected by Alternative 3C, and so no PILT reduction would occur for that subalternative.

The allocations to both Clark and Lincoln County are currently based on population limitation such that the reduction in federal entitlement acres should not have a significant impact, if any, on their PILT allocation regardless of any subalternative.


APRIL 2017

7.2.3.2 Impact on Possessory Taxes

Property taxes are taxes collected on the possessory interest of property, which is for any reason exempt from taxation, but which is leased to or available for use by the taxpayer. Federally owned grazing lands generally fall into this category. The possessory interest is taxable in the same manner as if the user owned the property. The withdrawal of the additional lands will only have a minor impact on such taxes.

7.2.3.3 Impacts on Recreational Activities

Recreational activities in the area include OHV riding, camping, hunting, viewing wildlife, hiking, and mountain biking. Some access points to wildlife areas, such as trails or parts of trails, may be closed as a result of the proposed expansion of the NTTR. The impact on the local economy would depend on the availability of alternative trails of similar categories or alternative access points to trails that are cut off by the expansions.

Because there are no formal procedures to identify the number of guests that visit the DNWR or to quantify the amount of revenue generated by the use of these particular federal lands for recreational use, a value of $8.77 per acre was extrapolated using BLM’s estimated economic impact of recreation activities on BLM lands throughout Nevada (roughly 47.5 million acres), valued at $416.6 million for 2014 (Bureau of Land Management, 2015).

Biking Trails

Mountain biking trails are being developed in the Beatty, Nevada, area. The NTTR expansion proposed under Alternative 3A may potentially impact 4.88 miles of existing bike trails on the western side of the NTTR near Beatty (Figure 7-2) without impacting the rest of the trails in the immediate area.

Bike trails have been developed on the Spicer Ranch and connect with trails to the east on BLM land in the Transvaal region. Biking events are held on the ranch. Current trail use estimates are at about 100 or more user days during the months of September to June. A proposal to expand the bike trails in the Beatty area would incorporate some 36 miles of existing roads, 23 miles of existing trails for horseback riding and biking, and 32 miles of new single tract trails for biking and other activities. The new routes would not be impacted by the proposed expansion under Alternative 3A.

Hiking Trails

There are approximately 26,000 acres of BLM lands that are included in Alternative 3B

that could be used for hiking and recreational activities. Using the factor of $8.77 per

acre described previously, the impact to BLM lands would be $228,020.

The DNWR has a number of trails on its eastern portion that is currently outside of the NTTR. Alternative 3C proposes to extend the NTTR boundary by about 227,000 acres along its eastern border, which potentially blocks access to several hiking trails. The extensions may close portions of Alamo Road and block access to Dunes North and South hiking trails (Figure 7-3).


APRIL 2017

Figure 7-2. Land Impacts on Bike Trails from Alternative 3A



APRIL 2017

Figure 7-3. Land Impacts on Hiking Trails from Alternative 3C



APRIL 2017

The economic impacts associated with reduced utilization of these hiking trails has been difficult to estimate since the USFWS does not maintain census information regarding the usage of the DNWR. Limited data is associated with the visitors’ registration process at the Corn Creek Visitors’ Center. The extrapolated per-acre value for recreational use would apply in this case. (See the Summary of Impacts on

Recreational Activities subsection.)

Off-Road Racing

Off-road car and all terrain races, such as the “Best in The Desert” race between Las Vegas and Reno, the “Pahrump Nugget 250,” and the Beatty VFW Poker Run are held each year in Nye County and are an economic driver for the Beatty community. The “Best in the Desert” and the “Pahrump Nugget 250” are competitive events, while the Beatty VFW Poker Run is a non-competitive race. The competitive events have a considerable fan following with large sponsorships comparable to professional stock car events in the southeastern United States.

Previously published race routes for the “Pahrump Nugget 250” appear to be sufficiently south of NTTR such that the proposed land expansion associated with Alternative 3A will not impact the race route. In 2016 the “Best in the Desert” race was approximately 650 miles long, starting from Alamo, Nevada, and finishing at Reno, Nevada. The race lasts about 10 to 12 hours with visitors staying one to two days. Total related spending is estimated between $714,000 to $2,142,000 over the entire race course with larger proportions being spent near the beginning and the end of the course.

Portions of the race routes such as the Vegas to Reno’s Beatty to Dayton route are close to the NTTR boundary and may be impacted by the additional land withdrawal under Alternative 3A (Bureau of Land Management, 2016). The 2016 route would not have been impacted by the proposed Alternative 3 actions. In any event, the race routes may vary between years, so it is likely that the routes could be altered as needed to avoid the expansion areas or the Air Force might be able to adjust mission-related activities to accommodate these races. It is important to note that these races have been occurring for over 20 years in some cases and are an essential element of the local culture and economy of Beatty.

Summary of Impacts on Recreational Activities

The NTTR expansion proposed under Alternative 3A may potentially impact 4.88 miles of the existing bike and all-terrain vehicle trails near Beatty (Figure 7-2) but proposed new trails would not be affected. Portions of the “Best in The Desert” off-road race routes close to the NTTR boundary may be impacted by the additional land withdrawal under Alternative 3A, but the 2016 route would not have been impacted by the proposed Alternative 3 actions and future routes could be altered as needed to avoid the expansion areas. The “Pahrump Nugget 250” course has historically been outside of the lands proposed for expansion.

Since data was not available specifically for the DNWR, a value of $8.77 per acre was extrapolated from BLM estimates and used to approximate the economic value for recreational use of acres that are associated with the proposed expansion under


APRIL 2017

Alternative 3C. The estimated recreational-use economic impact would be $1,990,790 for Alternative 3C (227,000 acres).

7.2.3.4 Impact on Grazing

The Alternative 3A extension would overlap areas of grazing allotments (Figure 7-4) and reduce grazing in Nye County by about 17,000 acres. The permit or lease holders are protected from loss of any improvement that they made to the grazing land. The Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 provides that whenever a permit or lease for grazing domestic livestock is cancelled in whole or in part, in order to devote the lands covered to another public purpose, including disposal, the permittee or lease would receive reasonable compensation for the adjusted value for any improvements that were made to the land. The impact to the grazing activity would also depend on the grazing capacity of the withdrawn land.

Figure 7-4. Rangeland Allotments Impacted by Alternative 3A


In 2014, the cattle and calves production in Nevada was valued at $298 million (Nevada Department of Agriculture, 2016). BLM estimated that the socioeconomic impact of grazing in Nevada from the management of its public lands amounted to $127.5 million in 2014 (Bureau of Land Management, 2015).


APRIL 2017

The BLM Razorback grazing allotment, which is impacted by Alternative 3A, consists of 269,764 acres and has an allotment of 1,926 animal unit months (AUM1). Currently, there are 386 AUM suspended. Assuming uniform forage production within the allotment and a 18,000-acre reduction in the allotment due to Alternative 3A, the allotment capacity would be reduced by about 6 percent. With the total active AUM managed by BLM currently at 1,525,738 AUM, this loss of the grazing allotments would represent a potential reduction of economic impact of about $128,000 for the BLM managed lands.

7.2.3.5 Impact on Section 368 Energy Corridor

Complying with Section 268(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the DOE, DOI, and the U.S. Forest Service identified energy corridors for oil, gas, and hydrogen pipelines and electricity transmission and distribution facilities. In 2009, BLM and the Forest Service designated 600 miles of Section 368 corridors on federal lands. As a result of a lawsuit, a Corridor Study was completed. An interagency Memorandum of Understanding was then reached to explain how the agencies will review the Section 368 corridors on a regional basis to assess the need for corridor revisions, deletions, or additions. The Corridor Study was completed in May 2016, defining the corridors (Argonne National Laboratory, 2016).

Corridor 18-224 (also known as Crater Flat to Las Vegas) is of concern under Alternative 3A. That corridor extends northwest to southeast from east of Carson City, Nevada, to the northwest of Pahrump in southern Nye County (Figure 7-5). U.S. Highway 95 lies within the corridor along portions of the NTTR. The land withdrawal proposed by Alternative 3A is in conflict with sections of the corridor near milepost 193 and between milepost 195 to 197 and milepost 204 to 205, each approximately 2 miles in length. The additional rights-of-way proposed under Alternative 3A that cross into the corridor may impact its use. The September 2016 Regional Review of Region 1 Corridors indicated that this was a jurisdictional concern and recommended moving the corridor south of U.S. Highway 95 (U.S. Department of Energy, 2016). Shifting of the corridor out of the impacted area may be possible but would have to be assessed for its environmental aspects.

It should be noted that the BLM is currently in the process of revising their Southern Nevada resource management plan, which is proposing corridor revisions. Plans call for the corridor to be reviewed in its entirety in 2018. (Refer to documentation on the web at http://bogi.evs.anl.gov/section368/abstracts/corridor-18-224.pdf.)

As a result of the unknowns associated with the proposed corridor revisions, a level of economic impact cannot be determined at this time; however, if the corridor was to maintain its current proposed route, there would be an impact. However, it would be anticipated that if the current route was maintained, energy transmission could be placed underground for the limited distance of overlap with the proposed expansion area.

1 The AUM provides sufficient forage for one cow and calf for a month.


APRIL 2017

Figure 7-5. Section 368 Energy Corridors

7.2.4 Alternative 4 - Establish the Period of Withdrawal

Alternative 4 establishes the period of withdrawal. This alternative will be paired with one or more of the other alternatives. Alternatives 4A, 4B, and 4C propose a 20-year, 50-year, and an indefinite withdrawal period, respectively.

With each alternative, there is the assumption that economic indicators would increase at the national average of 2.2 percent annually, which has been the national average based on the last 17 years.

7.3 IMPACT OF THE NO ACTION ALTERNATIVE - NOT EXTENDING THE NTTR LAND WITHDRAWAL

With the land withdrawal not extended, prohibitions placed in effect under the public law would expire. Appropriative land uses such as mining, mineral leasing, and livestock grazing could potentially be reintroduced after the Secretary of Interior opens the land to such uses. Facilities on the NTTR may need to be removed and Creech AFB closed. Decontamination the land where it is practicable and economically feasible would be undertaken if funded by Congress. Detailed evaluations and characterization are not included in this analysis since the full scope of the No Action Alternative would be


APRIL 2017

determined in coordination with the Secretary of the Interior. Further NEPA analyses would be conducted, as appropriate, at that time.

No alternative location to the NTTR has been identified. If there were an alternative location, employment on the NTTR could possibly be shifted to the yet-to-be-identified testing and training location. A shift of training personnel and equipment from Nellis AFB may also be required to be closer to a new training location to minimize flight times.

7.3.1 Loss of Employment and Payroll on the NTTR

Without the extension of the withdrawal of the NTTR, in the long term, all military, DoD employee and contractor employment on NTTR would end (Table 7-4). Information on the number of SNL employees and contractors were not included in the employee payroll account for the NTTR, though their use of the NTTR would also end.

Table 7-4. Employment and Payroll Loss on NTTR

NTTR Employment 2015

Personnel 2015

Payroll

Military Members 52 $7,023,116

Appropriated and Non- Appropriated Fund Civilians 57 $5,170,642

On-Site Contract Civilians 846 $126,566,605

Department of Energy and Sandia National Laboratory N/A N/A

Total 955 $138,760,363

Note: Department of Energy/Sandia National Laboratory data was not available for the analysis.


7.3.2 Reduction of Expenses, Purchases, Contracts, Other Costs

With no NTTR withdrawal extension, certain service contracts, equipment, and supplies relating to the operation and maintenance of the NTTR would no longer be needed. With the loss of the test and training range, TDY assignments to Nellis and Creech AFB would be reduced as well. Estimated reduction in cost is $340.4 million (Table 7-5).

Table 7-5. Annual Reduction of Expenses on NTTR

Expense Category 2015 Expense

Amount on NTTR

Commissary (Inventory) $0

Army Air Force Exchange Service (Inventory) $0

Health (Tri-Care) $0

Education (Tuition Assistance) $0

Temporary Duty (TDY) $84,918,098

Fuels, Inventory, Equipment $20,339,809

Government Purchase Card Expenses and Utilities $2,607,250

Service Contracts $16,077,760

Construction (Includes Military Construction, Non-Appropriated Funds and Operation & Maintenance)

$213,264,751

Subtotal $337,207,668

Multi-Year Capital Assets $3,167,264

Total Annual Expenditures $340,374,932

Source: Derived from (Nellis AFB, 2015)


APRIL 2017

7.3.3 Reduction in Economic Impact of the NTTR from Not Extending the Land Withdrawal

Should the land withdrawal of the NTTR not be extended, a $500.8 million reduction in economic impact is estimated to occur (Table 7-6). Retirees are assumed not to be impacted by not extending the NTTR land withdrawal.

Table 7-6. Reduction in Economic Impact from Not Extending the NTTR Withdrawal, based on Fiscal Year 2015

Source of Impact Economic Impact

Annual Payroll $138,760,363

Retirees Payroll* $0

Annual Expenditures $340,374,931

Annual Value of Jobs Created $21,693,320

Total $500,828,614

*Retirees are assumed not to be impacted by not extending the NTTR land withdrawal.

7.3.4 Cost of Removing Facilities and Equipment from the NTTR

Without the extension of the NTTR, the Air Force and DOE/NNSA may be required to remove the facilities and structures that they currently operate and maintain on the NTTR. Currently, there are 310 facilities and 65 buildings on the NTTR. Creech AFB has an additional 637 facilities and 149 buildings that also may need to be removed. The cost to remove all facilities is estimated to be $213,264,751 and would likely take a number of years to complete (Nellis AFB, 2016a).

The facilities on the NTTR have a replacement value of $122.971 million and the facilities on Creech AFB have a replacement value of $1.122 billion.

7.3.5 Cost of Decontaminating the NTTR

Decontamination of the NTTR would also be required to the extent practicable and economically feasible and to the extent that funds are appropriated for the decontamination process. The estimated cost of decontamination of the NTTR is from $2 billion to $4 billion. The Air Force Fiscal Year 2015 Report of Continuing Decontamination Nevada Test and Training Range placed the most likely cost for full decontamination at $2.5 billion and estimated clean-up time of 18 years for full decontamination (U.S. Air Force, 2016b).

7.3.6 Impact on Payment in Lieu of Taxes

If the land withdrawal is not extended and the control of the land is returned to its originating federal agency, the land may again become part of the entitlement acres considered in determining the PILT for Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties. The 1,808,244 acres in Nye County and 1,141,359 acres total in Clark and Lincoln Counties are managed by the Air Force in the NTTR. The acres in Nye County eligible for PILT payments would add, at 2016 rates, an estimated $682,000 to the Nye County PILT payments. Clark and Lincoln County payments are estimated with population limitations


APRIL 2017

and would not necessarily experience such direct impacts on the magnitude of their PILT payments.

8. ALTERNATIVE USES OF NTTR LAND AND POTENTIAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Due to its standing as a safe and secure military use area for well over 65 years, NTTR lands have not been subject to multiple use activities such as recreation, cattle grazing, mining, OHV or other motorized vehicle use, or extensive hunting. These currently protected NTTR lands would be expected to be subject to increasing pressure for such uses if the withdrawal is not extended. All necessary decontamination would be performed by the Secretary of the Air Force, and lands would be opened for public use by order of the Secretary of the Interior.

Economic activity is likely to increase on the former NTTR lands, when permitted. Some lands will be suitable for grazing, and there are old mining claims to be considered again. People would likely be interested in exploring the land and experiencing new hunting and fishing opportunities. These all will lead to increased economic activity on the former NTTR lands. It will take time to realize such increases. Certainly some of the participants and investments will be drawn off other lands in the area.

9. SUMMARY

Activities at Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR produced some $5.5 billion in economic activity in 2015 (Table 9-1).

Table 9-1. Total Economic Impact of Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and the NTTR, Fiscal Year 2015 (including Retirees)

Category Economic Impact

Annual Payroll $1,134,733,812

Retirees Payroll $735,384,000

Annual Expenditures $3,436,073,129


Total $5,548,845,621


Proposed Alternatives 1 and 2 maintain the NTTR current land withdrawal boundaries. The ready access provision in Alternative 2 will allow the Air Force to more effectively manage its activities on the NTTR, which may allow increased testing and training activities, potentially leading to increased economic activity.

Alternatives 3A, 3B, and 3C would increase the NTTR land boundary by some 301,507 acres. The additional land for the NTTR is planned to meet the needs of 5th generation aircraft and technology. Alternative 3C would increase the capacity of the South Range, helping to reduce congestion on the North Range potentially leading to increased economic activity from additional testing and training. Adding the land to the


APRIL 2017

NTTR would further reduce the availability of range land for cattle grazing and recreational activities.

The No Action Alternative would result in the removal of Air Force and DOE/NNSA activities from the NTTR. The initial impact would to be a $500.8 million reduction in economic impact including a $138 million reduction in payroll, a $340 million reduction in expenditures and a $21 million reduction due to the loss of jobs (Table 9-2).

Table 9-2. Reduction in Economic Impact from Not Extending the NTTR Land Withdrawal, based on Fiscal Year 2015

Source of Impact Economic Impact

Annual Payroll $138,760,363

Retirees Payroll* $0

Annual Expenditures $340,374,931


Total $500,828,614

*Retirees are assumed not to be impacted by not extending the NTTR land withdrawal.

While there would be a reduction in the annual economic impact for the closing of the NTTR, the cost to return the NTTR to public use may be significant. The removal of all facilities and buildings from the NTTR and Creech AFB is estimated to cost $213 million. Secondly, the cost for full decontamination of the NTTR is estimated at about $2.5 billion. These actions would delay opening some of the NTTR land to public use by up to 18 years, particularly land where decontamination is necessary.

No alternative location has been identified for a training range of sufficient size, topography, and airspace access to meet the need for testing and training new generations of equipment and technologies. A range meeting the Air Force criteria would be costly if such land could be located and acquired. The replacement costs of facilities on the NTTR are estimated at $122 million and $1.1 billion at Creech AFB. A new range location may also require moving the aggressor squadrons and facilities from Nellis AFB to the new location.

10. REFERENCES

Argonne National Laboratory. (2016). Section 368 Corridor Study. May.

Bureau of Land Management. (2012). Draft Environmental Assessment for Tough

Mudder, LLC, Special Recreation Permit. U.S. Department of Interior.

September. doi:DOI-BLM-NV-B020-2012-0216-EA

Bureau of Land Management. (2015, November 2). Socioeconomic Impacts in Nevada.

Retrieved December 2016, from U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land

Management:

https://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/info/socioeconomic/states/nevada.html


APRIL 2017

Bureau of Land Management. (2016). Environmental Assessment, 2016 Best in the

Desert “Vegas to Reno” The Long Way Race Event. U.S. Department of Interior.

DOI-BKLM-NV-B020-2016-0041-EA. July 1. doi:DOI-BKLM-NV-B020-2016-

0041-EA

ECONorthwest. (2016). Quiet Recreation on BLM-Managed Lands: Economic

Contribution 2014. Prepared for The Pew Charitable Trusts. March.

Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. (2016a). S&P/Case-Shiller NV-Las Vegas Home

Price Index. Federal Reserve Economic Data, Economic Research Division.

Retrieved from https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/LVXRNSA

GRO Trails and Race Consulting. (2016, July 27). Oasis Valley Recreational Trails

Master Plan, 2016. Retrieved December 30, 2016, from

http://www.beattynv.info/pdf/Master-Plan-Final-7-2016.pdf

Leidos, Inc. (2017). Nevada Counties on the NTTR. Generated with ArcGIS 10.2 using

data from ESRI and 2013 National Geographic Society basemap.

Nellis AFB. (2009). 2009 Economic Impact Analysis, Nellis AFB, Creech AFB, and

NTTR, Quick Reference Tables.





Nellis AFB. (2012). 2012 Economic Impact Analysis, Nellis AFB, Creech AFB and

Nevada Test and Training Range Quick Reference Tables.


Nevada Test and Training Range.


Nevada Test and Training Range.


Nevada Test and Training Range Economic Impact Analysis.

Nellis AFB. (2016, June). 57th Wing Fact Sheet. Retrieved from Nellis Air Force Base,

Units: http://www.nellis.af.mil/units/57WG.aspx


APRIL 2017

Nellis AFB. (2016a). Personal communication via e-mail from Nellis AFB to Donald

Stadelman, Leidos, Inc. Spreadsheet "The Nellis, Creech, and NTTR Economic

Impact Report Data Requirements".

Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. (2015). Major Mines of Nevada 2014, Mineral

Industries in Nevada’s Economy. Special Publication P-26, Rich Perry and Mike

Visher, The Nevada Division of Minerals.

Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. (2016). The Nevada Mineral Industry 2014.

Special Publication MI-2014.

Nevada Department of Agriculture. (2016). 2016 Economic Analysis of the Food and

Agriculture Sector. March.

Nevada Department of Wildlife . (2016a). Partners in Wildlife. Retrieved September 21,

2016, from http://www.ndow.org/Hunt/Specialty_Tags/Partnership_in_Wildlife/

Nevada Department of Wildlife. (2016b). Hunting Unit Information. Retrieved September

23, 2016, from http://www.ndow.org/Hunt/Hunting_Units/

Nevada Mining Association. (2015). The Role of the State’s Mining Industry.

Nevada Mining Association. (2016a). State of Nevada Mining Overview. Retrieved from

http://www.nevadamining.org/faq/analysis.php

Nevada Mining Association. (2016b). Clark County Mining Overview: 2013-2014.

Retrieved from http://www.nevadamining.org/faq/analysis.php

Nevada Mining Association. (2016c). Lincoln County Mining Overview: 2013-2014.


Nevada Mining Association. (2016d). Nye County Mining Overview: 2013-2014.


Nye County Planning Department. (2015, October). Nye County Population Estimates

Through the Third Quarter, 2015. .

Pahrump Valley Times. (2015, April 24). Beatty Grand Opening of First Bike Trails May

2. Retrieved from http://pvtimes.com/news/beatty-grand-opening-first-bike-trails-

may-2.html

U.S. Air Force. (2016a). Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR) Land Withdrawal,

Description of Proposed Action and Alternatives. August.


APRIL 2017

U.S. Air Force. (2016b). Fiscal Year 2015 Report of Continuing Decontamination

Nevada Test and Training Range. February.

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2016). Gross Analysis Regional Product, Wages

and Employment CA25N and CA6N for United States, State of Nevada, Clark,

Lincoln, and Nye Counties, 2004, 2009-2014.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2004). 2002 Census of Agriculture, Nevada State and

County Data. Volume 1, Geographic Area Series, Part 28, AC-02-A-28, National

Agricultural Statistics Service, June.

U.S. Department of Agriculture. (2014). 2012 Census of Agriculture, Nevada State and

County Data. Geographic Area Series, Volume 1, Part 28. Table 11. Cattle and

Calves – Inventory and Sales: 2012 and 2007.

U.S. Department of Energy. (2016, September). Section 368 Energy Corridor Regional

Reviews - Region 1. Retrieved January 2017, from U.S. Department of Energy

(DOE): http://bogi.evs.anl.gov/section368/abstracts/corridor-18-224.pdf

U.S. Department of Interior. (2016). Fiscal 2016, Payments in Lieu of Taxes, National

Summary.

U.S. Department of Interior. (2016a). Payment in Lieu of Taxes. Retrieved January 17,

2017, from Frequently Asked Questions: https://www.doi.gov/pilt/resources/faqs

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (2009). Desert National Wildlife Refuge Complex Ash

Meadows, Desert, Moapa Valley, and Pahranagat National Wildlife Refuges Final

Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Statement

Summary.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. (2013). 2011 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and

Wildlife-Associated Recreation, Nevada. December.

University of Nevada. (1995). Federal and State Land-Based Payments in Nevada.

Report prepared by Randall D. Mead, Janet C. Baker, Natalie J. Little, and

Thomas R. Harris.

Wargo, B. (2016, June 23). Southern Nevada Economy Seen as Outflexing US. Las

Vegas Review Journal. Retrieved from

http://www.reviewjournal.com/business/economy/southern-nevada-economy-

seen-outflexing-us


APRIL 2017


NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | A-1

APRIL 2017

APPENDIX A EMPLOYMENT


APRIL 2017



APRIL 2017

Table A-1 Employment in State of Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Employment 2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total jobs 1,446,547 1,524,073 1,483,883 1,508,399 1,524,035 1,566,463 1,614,814

Farm 4,943 5,035 5,354 5,367 5,673 5,855 5,759

Nonfarm 1,441,604 1,519,038 1,478,529 1,503,032 1,518,362 1,560,608 1,609,055

Private 1,290,778 1,347,719 1,309,434 1,336,494 1,353,054 1,393,946 1,440,875


1,499 1,637 1,585 1,682 1,676 1,667 1,696


12,156 15,435 16,904 17,963 22,015 21,311 20,924

Utilities 5,224 4,740 4,534 4,357 4,231 4,168 4,108

Construction 137,322 99,879 75,701 68,439 67,910 73,068 79,815

Manufacturing 49,234 44,466 41,675 42,490 43,619 45,696 47,057

Wholesale trade 39,558 39,794 37,490 37,639 37,404 38,000 39,006

Retail trade 150,979 155,577 152,417 155,307 158,391 163,233 168,282


45,921 54,246 53,204 55,323 58,262 59,170 62,696

Information 18,796 18,100 17,646 17,578 17,854 18,430 19,387

Finance and insurance 68,161 89,850 82,788 86,914 84,420 87,525 87,375


86,136 102,650 100,484 102,778 99,339 100,638 101,906


76,594 82,682 81,383 81,612 82,488 85,163 86,901


11,744 21,569 22,136 21,629 23,067 23,770 24,574


95,888 92,759 95,040 100,726 102,446 106,727 111,203

Educational services 8,381 13,168 13,942 13,975 14,151 14,741 15,371


87,634 107,042 109,586 113,032 115,561 118,706 122,764


45,261 47,068 46,560 48,603 49,327 50,254 51,636


291,814 290,134 290,991 297,117 298,016 304,983 316,355


58,476 66,923 65,368 69,330 72,877 76,696 79,819

Government 150,826 171,319 169,095 166,538 165,308 166,662 168,180

Federal, civilian 16,810 17,915 18,743 17,750 18,243 18,381 18,121

Military 13,832 15,940 17,002 17,848 18,300 18,608 18,550

State and local 120,184 137,464 133,350 130,940 128,765 129,673 131,509

State government 30,550 36,027 35,255 35,184 34,383 34,764 35,165

Local government 89,634 101,437 98,095 95,756 94,382 94,909 96,344

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, 20161

1 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2016). Gross Analysis Regional Product, Wages and Employment CA25N and CA6N for

United States, State of Nevada, Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, 2004, 2009-2014.


APRIL 2017

Table A-2 Employment Statistics for the State of Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Nevada Employment

Average Annual %

Rate of Change

Absolute Change in

Number of Jobs

Sector Employment

Percent of Total

2004 -2014

2009 -2014 2004 -2014

2009 -2014

2009 2014

Total jobs 1.10 0.58 168,267 90,741 100.00 100.00

Farm 1.52 1.88 816 724 0.33 0.36

Nonfarm 1.10 0.82 167,451 90,017 99.67 99.64

Private 1.10 0.67 150,097 93,156 88.43 89.23


1.23 0.35 197 59 0.11 0.11

Mining, oil and gas extraction 5.30 3.02 8,768 5,489 1.01 1.30

Utilities -2.39 -1.43 -1,116 -632 0.31 0.25

Construction -5.30 -2.23 -57,507 -20,064 6.55 4.94

Manufacturing -0.45 0.57 -2,177 2,591 2.92 2.91

Wholesale trade -0.14 -0.20 -552 -788 2.61 2.42

Retail trade 1.08 0.78 17,303 12,705 10.21 10.42

Transportation and warehousing 3.09 1.45 16,775 8,450 3.56 3.88

Information 0.31 0.69 591 1,287 1.19 1.20

Finance and insurance 2.47 -0.28 19,214 -2,475 5.90 5.41


1.68 -0.07 15,770 -744 6.74 6.31


1.26 0.50 10,307 4,219 5.43 5.38


7.07 1.30 12,830 3,005 1.42 1.52


1.48 1.81 15,315 18,444 6.09 6.89

Educational services 5.89 1.54 6,990 2,203 0.86 0.95


3.34 1.37 35,130 15,722 7.02 7.60


1.32 0.93 6,375 4,568 3.09 3.20


0.81 0.86 24,541 26,221 19.04 19.59


3.09 1.76 21,343 12,896 4.39 4.94

Government 1.09 -0.18 17,354 -3,139 11.24 10.41

Federal, civilian 0.75 0.11 1,311 206 1.18 1.12

Military 2.91 1.51 4,718 2,610 1.05 1.15

State and local 0.90 -0.44 11,325 -5,955 9.02 8.14

State government 1.40 -0.24 4,615 -862 2.36 2.18

Local government 0.72 -0.52 6,710 -5,093 6.66 5.97



APRIL 2017

Table A-3 Employment in Clark County, Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Clark County Employment

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total jobs 1,011,193 1,086,009 1,057,759 1,078,835 1,093,543 1,126,440 1,166,051

Farm 355 334 384 407 456 479 464

Nonfarm 1,010,838 1,085,675 1,057,375 1,078,428 1,093,087 1,125,961 1,165,587

Private 916,538 974,060 947,027 969,580 984,132 1,016,067 1,054,355


337 328 306 336 320 351 356


1,359 1,887 2,144 1,847 2,952 2,725 3,000

Utilities 3,360 3,135 2,986 2,931 2,807 2,733 2,670

Construction 101,130 76,344 55,204 48,233 47,522 51,662 56,088

Manufacturing 25,115 23,600 21,614 22,060 22,766 23,719 24,280

Wholesale trade 24,518 25,817 24,493 24,509 24,376 24,838 25,581

Retail trade 105,735 110,220 108,983 111,756 115,183 118,641 122,746


31,399 37,224 36,340 38,085 39,760 40,416 42,455

Information 13,156 13,193 12,821 12,960 13,446 14,049 14,936



61,640 73,140 73,589 75,805 73,908 74,683 75,792


52,038 56,767 56,000 56,079 56,994 59,363 61,142


8,671 16,084 15,884 16,029 17,445 18,343 19,199


71,246 69,996 72,044 76,551 77,926 81,302 85,084



58,129 72,830 74,884 78,436 80,977 83,845 87,008


30,311 32,003 31,780 33,559 34,856 35,696 36,930


234,384 240,402 242,468 248,071 249,059 254,849 265,510


39,233 46,195 45,602 48,913 51,519 53,895 56,381

Government 94,300 111,615 110,348 108,848 108,955 109,894 111,232


Military 11,380 13,311 14,203 14,944 15,459 15,778 15,709

State and local 72,163 86,581 83,755 82,153 81,184 81,605 83,157





APRIL 2017

Table A-4 Employment Statistics for Clark County, Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Clark County Employment

Average Annual %

Rate of Change

Absolute Change

Number of Jobs

Sector Employment

Percent of Total

2004 -2014

2009 -2014 2004 -2014

2009 -2014

2009 2014

Total jobs 1.42 0.71 86,900 27,208 100.00 100.00

Farm 2.66 3.26 109 130 0.03 0.04

Nonfarm 1.42 0.71 154,749 79,912 99.97 99.96

Private 1.40 0.79 137,817 80,295 89.69 90.42


0.55 0.82 19 28 0.03 0.03

Mining, oil and gas extraction 7.53 4.55 1,641 1,113 0.17 0.26

Utilities -2.29 -1.60 -690 -465 0.29 0.23

Construction -5.73 -3.06 -45,042 -20,256 7.03 4.81

Manufacturing -0.34 0.28 -835 680 2.17 2.08

Wholesale trade 0.42 -0.09 1,063 -236 2.38 2.19

Retail trade 1.49 1.08 17,011 12,526 10.15 10.53

Transportation and warehousing 2.99 1.31 11,056 5,231 3.43 3.64

Information 1.27 1.24 1,780 1,743 1.21 1.28

Finance and insurance 2.71 -0.21 15,388 -1,345 6.06 5.52


2.06 0.36 14,152 2,652 6.73 6.50


1.61 0.74 9,104 4,375 5.23 5.24


7.56 1.77 10,528 3,115 1.48 1.65


1.77 1.95 13,838 15,088 6.45 7.30

Educational services 6.09 1.66 5,032 1,647 0.84 0.92


3.98 1.77 28,879 14,178 6.71 7.46


1.97 1.43 6,619 4,927 2.95 3.17


1.25 0.99 31,126 25,108 22.14 22.77


3.59 1.99 17,148 10,186 4.25 4.84

Government 1.65 -0.03 16,932 -383 10.28 9.54

Federal, civilian 1.39 0.53 1,609 643 1.08 1.06

Military 3.20 1.65 4,329 2,398 1.23 1.35

State and local 1.42 -0.40 10,994 -3,424 7.97 7.13

State government 2.13 0.07 3,246 122 1.54 1.44

Local government 1.24 -0.52 7,748 -3,546 6.43 5.69



APRIL 2017

Table A-5 Employment in Lincoln County, Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Lincoln County Employment 2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total jobs 1,968 2,189 2,250 2,388 2,474 2,486 2,494

Farm 150 183 212 229 254 261 257

Nonfarm 1,792 2,006 2,038 2,159 2,220 2,225 2,237

Private 1,183 1,346 1,407 1,518 1,566 1,589 1,613


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Mining, oil and gas extraction (D) 79 112 162 (D) (D) 181

Utilities (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Construction 57 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Manufacturing 29 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Wholesale trade (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 21 (D)

Retail trade 260 237 235 219 238 232 238


(D) 45 47 47 (D) (D) 53

Information (D) 39 (D) (D) (D) 55 (D)

Finance and insurance 62 70 94 130 145 146 146


82 60 65 65 56 79 80


(D) 300 287 282 284 285 278


(L) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


39 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Educational services (L) 12 19 28 28 27 (D)


(D) 58 70 82 90 92 (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Government 609 660 631 641 654 636 624

Federal, civilian 47 44 44 48 49 43 40

Military (L) 12 13 13 14 14 14

State and local 554 604 574 580 591 579 570

State government (D) 135 125 136 141 143 140

Local government (D) 469 449 444 450 436 430

(D) Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information. Totals include estimates for this item.

(L) Less than 10 jobs. Totals include estimates for this item.



APRIL 2017

Table A-6 Employment Statistics for Lincoln County, Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Lincoln County Employment

Average Annual %

Rate of Change

Absolute Change in

Number of Jobs

Sector Employment

Percent of Total

2004 -2014

2009 -2014 2004 -2014

2009 -2014

2009 2014

Total jobs 2.36 1.30 526 305 100.00 100.00

Farm NA 3.36 114 74 8.36 10.30

Nonfarm NA 1.09 412 231 91.64 89.70

Private NA 1.80 405 267 61.49 64.68


NA NA NA NA NA NA

Mining, oil and gas extraction NA 7.85 NA 102 3.61 7.26

Utilities NA NA NA NA NA NA

Construction NA NA NA NA NA NA

Manufacturing NA NA NA NA NA NA

Wholesale trade NA NA NA NA NA NA

Retail trade -1.33 0.04 -34 1 10.83 9.54

Transportation and warehousing -0.19 1.63 -1 8 2.06 2.13

Information NA NA NA NA 1.78 NA

Finance and insurance NA 7.04 NA 76 3.20 5.85


NA 2.86 NA 20 2.74 3.21


NA -0.76 NA -22 13.70 11.15


NA NA NA NA NA NA


NA NA NA NA NA NA

Educational services NA NA NA NA 0.55 NA


NA NA NA NA 2.65 NA


NA NA NA NA NA NA


NA NA NA NA NA NA


NA NA NA NA NA NA

Government 0.11 -0.56 7 -36 30.15 25.02

Federal, civilian -0.49 -0.95 -2 -4 2.01 1.60

Military NA 1.54 NA 2 0.55 0.56

State and local 0.05 -0.58 3 -34 27.59 22.85

State government NA 0.36 NA 5 6.17 5.61

Local government NA -0.87 NA -39 21.43 17.24

NA = data not available



APRIL 2017

Table A-7 Employment in Nye County, Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Nye County Employment 2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total jobs 16,048 15,742 15,257 15,434 15,420 15,517 15,784

Farm 322 261 245 220 208 212 211

Nonfarm 15,726 15,481 15,012 15,214 15,212 15,305 15,573

Private 13,890 13,309 12,941 13,256 13,394 13,467 13,701


57 (D) (D) (D) (D) 93 94

Mining, oil and gas extraction 1,060 1,017 1,020 1,076 1,192 1,223 1,244

Utilities (D) 132 117 113 125 142 140

Construction 1,348 661 629 651 696 741 723

Manufacturing 248 203 192 171 186 226 232

Wholesale trade 171 142 169 164 130 135 124

Retail trade 1,886 1,893 1,808 1,807 1,791 1,775 1,831


(D) 241 227 231 219 207 232

Information 149 139 133 128 135 141 137

Finance and insurance 412 557 480 481 553 469 464


1,073 992 987 1,000 914 1,013 1,018


2,448 1,907 1,766 1,738 1,648 1,660 1,643


(D) (D) 147 221 223 165 167


(D) 1,006 1,007 1,185 1,076 1,036 1,043

Educational services (D) 183 (D) (D) (D) (D) 237


(D) 952 (D) 978 (D) (D) 1,032


594 752 714 671 678 644 676


1,619 1,514 1,510 1,519 1,557 1,564 1,602


824 879 833 836 981 1,009 1,062

Government 1,836 2,172 2,071 1,958 1,818 1,838 1,872

Federal, civilian 167 159 141 138 128 119 118

Military 78 149 173 171 120 119 121

State and local 1,591 1,864 1,757 1,649 1,570 1,600 1,633

State government (D) 169 175 166 169 169 166

Local government (D) 1,695 1,582 1,483 1,401 1,431 1,467




APRIL 2017

Table A-8 Employment Statistics for Nye County, Nevada, 2004 and 2009-2014

Nye County Employment

Average Annual %

Rate of Change

Absolute Change in

Number of Jobs

Sector Employment

Percent of Total

2004-2014 2009-2014 2004-2014 2009-2014 2009 2014

Total jobs -0.17 0.03 -264 42 100.00 100.00

Farm -4.17 -2.12 -111 -50 1.66 1.34

Nonfarm -0.10 0.06 -153 92 98.34 98.66

Private -0.14 0.29 -189 392 84.54 86.80


4.90 NA 37 (D) (D) 0.60

Mining, oil and gas extraction 1.60 2.01 184 227 6.46 7.88

Utilities NA 0.59 (D) 8 0.84 0.89

Construction -6.04 0.90 -625 62 4.20 4.58

Manufacturing -0.67 1.33 -16 29 1.29 1.47

Wholesale trade -3.19 -1.35 -47 -18 0.90 0.79

Retail trade -0.30 -0.33 -55 -62 12.03 11.60


NA -0.38 (D) -9 1.53 1.47

Information -0.84 -0.14 -12 -2 0.88 0.87

Finance and insurance 1.19 -1.82 52 -93 3.54 2.94


-0.53 0.26 -55 26 6.30 6.45


-3.94 -1.49 -805 -264 12.11 10.41


NA NA 149 (D) (D) 1.06


NA 0.36 -3 37 6.39 6.61

Educational services NA 2.57 160 54 1.16 1.50


NA 0.81 367 80 6.05 6.54


1.29 -1.06 82 -76 4.78 4.28


-0.11 0.56 -17 88 9.62 10.15


2.52 1.89 238 183 5.58 6.73

Government 0.19 -1.48 36 -300 13.80 11.86

Federal, civilian -3.44 -2.96 -49 -41 1.01 0.75

Military 4.32 -2.07 43 -28 0.95 0.77

State and local 0.26 -1.32 42 -231 11.84 10.35

State government NA -0.18 10 -3 1.07 1.05

Local government NA -1.44 -15 -228 10.77 9.29


NA = data not available


NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | B-1

APRIL 2017

APPENDIX B GROSS REGIONAL PRODUCT


APRIL 2017



APRIL 2017

Table B-1 State of Nevada Gross Regional Product (GRP), Imports, and Exports by Industry, 2014

Industry GRP ($) % of total

Region Exports ($)

% of total

Region Imports ($)

% of total

Forestry, fishing , and related activities

367,106,837 0.27 822,970,406 0.52 $1,286,820,201 0.92


6,411,561,956 4.77 9,150,209,528 5.83 $2,445,700,316 1.75

Utilities 2,103,279,129 1.56 1,767,748,255 1.13 $1,855,984,502 1.33

Construction 6,188,433,181 4.60 4,594,215,058 2.93 $3,483,093,084 2.50

Manufacturing 5,374,794,567 3.99 12,095,696,324 7.71 $32,570,320,458 23.37

Wholesale trade 5,951,994,626 4.42 5,675,149,953 3.62 $6,406,195,729 4.60

Retail trade 8,289,640,894 6.16 6,406,286,396 4.08 $4,254,497,396 3.05


4,237,052,547 3.15 5,789,114,286 3.69 $3,644,819,530 2.62

Information 3,000,928,822 2.23 1,995,496,325 1.27 $6,476,793,075 4.65

Finance and insurance 8,541,044,969 6.35 8,100,045,211 5.16 $10,371,466,339 7.44


5,960,512,671 4.43 5,391,319,564 3.44 $4,218,206,137 3.03


6,394,248,016 4.75 3,846,013,562 2.45 $7,546,257,525 5.42


3,570,345,478 2.65 3,990,910,455 2.54 $2,660,329,656 1.91


4,438,680,012 3.30 3,675,145,644 2.34 $2,763,933,350 1.98

Educational services 627,599,635 0.47 292,835,092 0.19 $1,735,518,640 1.25


7,630,375,622 5.67 4,379,415,971 2.79 $7,168,347,348 5.14


2,911,766,784 2.16 3,751,084,053 2.39 $1,062,826,302 0.76


20,027,429,852 14.88 28,687,293,776 18.29 $1,252,400,287 0.90


2,203,889,736 1.64 1,569,511,178 1.00 $2,135,306,641 1.53

Government 16,526,786,481 12.28 44,852,997,571 28.60 $36,017,834,174

25.85

Other Non-Industries 13,797,236,497 10.25 - - - -

Total 134,554,708,313 100.00 156,833,458,609 100.00 139,356,650,691 100.00

Source: Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016a1

1 Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016a. State of Nevada Business Overview.


APRIL 2017

Table B-2 Clark County Gross Regional Product (GRP), Imports, and Exports by Industry, 2014

Industry GRP ($)

% of total

Region Exports ($)

% of total

Region Imports ($)

% of total


22,838,194 0.02 33,797,760 0.03 730,601,737 0.76

Mining, oil and gas extraction 291,640,844 0.31 254,170,277 0.25 1,639,210,946 1.70

Utilities 1,437,914,167 1.52 1,074,014,331 1.05 1,161,951,748 1.20

Construction 4,457,873,380 4.72 3,176,575,178 3.09 2,037,553,718 2.11

Manufacturing 2,797,615,851 2.96 6,144,277,271 5.99 22,383,802,187 23.18

Wholesale trade 4,078,803,161 4.32 3,700,021,956 3.60 4,200,883,460 4.35

Retail trade 6,116,884,207 6.48 4,600,939,891 4.48 2,733,217,139 2.83


2,908,568,324 3.08 3,926,913,522 3.83 2,453,269,796 2.54

Information 2,378,110,542 2.52 1,553,904,244 1.51 4,459,247,852 4.62

Finance and insurance 6,492,770,165 6.88 6,214,095,714 6.05 7,366,326,491 7.63


4,332,094,995 4.59 3,687,245,596 3.59 2,958,181,800 3.06


4,639,351,850 4.91 2,402,424,452 2.34 5,116,695,587 5.30


2,803,580,756 2.97 2,995,321,676 2.92 1,709,161,638 1.77


3,397,479,843 3.60 2,835,096,899 2.76 1,857,598,701 1.92

Educational services 487,321,032 0.52 207,462,320 0.20 1,178,600,341 1.22


5,412,947,655 5.73 2,722,959,182 2.65 4,716,934,500 4.88


2,157,543,335 2.28 2,744,236,553 2.67 735,449,722 0.76


17,738,610,268 18.78 25,865,635,735 25.20 574,538,843 0.59


1,548,728,927 1.64 1,020,993,628 0.99 1,501,740,131 1.55

Government 11,362,268,486 12.03 27,485,526,880 26.78 27,062,274,809 28.02

Other Non-Industries 9,572,666,118 10.14 - - - -

Total 94,435,612,099 100.00 102,645,613,065 100.00 96,577,241,147 100.00

Source: Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016b1

1 Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016b. Clark County Nevada Business Overview.


APRIL 2017

Table B-3 Lincoln County Gross Regional Product (GRP), Imports, and Exports by Industry, 2014


Region Exports ($)

% of total

Region Imports ($)

% of total


5,515,709 4.22 15,631,586 6.07 3,074,495 1.23

Mining, oil and gas extraction 10,207,481 7.82 14,894,596 5.79 3,288,522 1.31

Utilities 1,276,932 0.98 1,436,485 0.56 3,034,432 1.21

Construction 3,640,635 2.79 3,024,618 1.18 12,938,713 5.16

Manufacturing 2,010,909 1.54 6,558,279 2.55 38,794,138 15.47

Wholesale trade 1,394,963 1.07 1,688,041 0.66 10,865,054 4.33

Retail trade 8,258,746 6.33 10,826,374 4.21 9,662,835 3.85


6,112,445 4.68 11,535,825 4.48 5,559,745 2.22

Information 4,743,499 3.63 6,763,187 2.63 9,578,088 3.82

Finance and insurance 5,228,524 4.00 5,771,938 2.24 14,067,981 5.61


4,978,658 3.81 7,315,313 2.84 7,414,896 2.96


1,762,848 1.35 2,009,060 0.78 11,947,270 4.77


69,858 0.05 95,621 0.04 2,112,795 0.84


1,488,026 1.14 1,834,627 0.71 3,825,350 1.53

Educational services 182,378 0.14 237,794 0.09 2,857,446 1.14


2,005,772 1.54 2,223,206 0.86 18,405,915 7.34


86,083 0.07 60,567 0.02 2,132,676 0.85


4,289,816 3.29 5,110,353 1.99 4,475,800 1.79


1,343,121 1.03 1,326,323 0.52 3,704,121 1.48

Government 47,447,035 36.34 159,040,633 61.79 82,979,184 33.10

Other Non-Industries 18,520,226 14.18 - - - -

Total 130,563,662 100.00 257,384,426 100.00 250,719,456 100.00

Source: Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016c1

1 Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016c. Lincoln County Nevada Business Overview.


APRIL 2017

Table B-4 Nye County Gross Regional Product (GRP), Imports, and Exports by Industry, 2014


Region Exports ($)

% of total

Region Imports ($)

% of total


45,362,201 2.92 91,722,722 4.08 26,039,849 1.13


448,814,502 28.88 671,396,789 29.85 93,858,975 4.08

Utilities 58,346,063 3.75 71,791,884 3.19 30,848,282 1.34

Construction 42,765,107 2.75 40,396,086 1.80 75,712,735 3.29

Manufacturing 38,948,176 2.51 145,882,892 6.49 412,286,870 17.93

Wholesale trade 13,722,301 0.88 15,930,366 0.71 112,665,000 4.90

Retail trade 81,478,233 5.24 89,528,262 3.98 88,747,314 3.86


11,495,375 0.74 17,261,381 0.77 70,420,043 3.06

Information 15,464,763 1.00 15,424,868 0.69 85,728,508 3.73



29,868,553 1.92 39,054,730 1.74 80,294,174 3.49


152,488,291 9.81 312,561,939 13.90 145,878,422 6.34


1,943,108 0.13 3,138,030 0.14 44,645,340 1.94


87,696,681 5.64 139,928,345 6.22 54,931,406 2.39

Educational services 7,106,854 0.46 9,519,692 0.42 27,880,528 1.21


54,353,453 3.50 56,958,850 2.53 152,001,080 6.61


35,234,239 2.27 54,405,190 2.42 16,036,872 0.70


56,900,907 3.66 71,158,455 3.16 42,639,432 1.85


23,837,634 1.53 25,407,152 1.13 36,393,473 1.58

Government 141,104,630 9.08 353,473,345 15.72 562,694,903 24.47


Total 1,553,973,921 100.00 2,248,873,073 100.00 2,299,426,451 100.00

Source: Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016d1

1 Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016d. Nye County Nevada Business Overview.


APRIL 2017

Table B-5 Lincoln County Gross Regional Product (GRP), Imports, and Exports by Industry, 2014


Region Exports ($)

% of total

Region Imports ($)

% of total


5,515,709 4.22 15,631,586 6.07 3,074,495 1.23

Mining, oil and gas extraction 10,207,481 7.82 14,894,596 5.79 3,288,522 1.31

Utilities 1,276,932 0.98 1,436,485 0.56 3,034,432 1.21

Construction 3,640,635 2.79 3,024,618 1.18 12,938,713 5.16

Manufacturing 2,010,909 1.54 6,558,279 2.55 38,794,138 15.47

Wholesale trade 1,394,963 1.07 1,688,041 0.66 10,865,054 4.33

Retail trade 8,258,746 6.33 10,826,374 4.21 9,662,835 3.85


6,112,445 4.68 11,535,825 4.48 5,559,745 2.22

Information 4,743,499 3.63 6,763,187 2.63 9,578,088 3.82



4,978,658 3.81 7,315,313 2.84 7,414,896 2.96


1,762,848 1.35 2,009,060 0.78 11,947,270 4.77


69,858 0.05 95,621 0.04 2,112,795 0.84


1,488,026 1.14 1,834,627 0.71 3,825,350 1.53

Educational services 182,378 0.14 237,794 0.09 2,857,446 1.14


2,005,772 1.54 2,223,206 0.86 18,405,915 7.34


86,083 0.07 60,567 0.02 2,132,676 0.85


4,289,816 3.29 5,110,353 1.99 4,475,800 1.79


1,343,121 1.03 1,326,323 0.52 3,704,121 1.48

Government 47,447,035 36.34 159,040,633 61.79 82,979,184 33.10


Total 130,563,662 100.00 257,384,426 100.00 250,719,456 100.00

Source: Governor’s Office of Economic Development, 2016c


APRIL 2017


NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE LAND WITHDRAWAL – ECONOMIC IMPACT ANALYSIS PAGE | C-1

APRIL 2017

APPENDIX C REGIONAL COMPENSATION


APRIL 2017



APRIL 2017

Table C-1 Total Compensation by Sector in Nevada, 2004, 2009 - 2014

Industrial Sector Total Compensation ($thousands)

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total Earnings 55,854,778 64,742,094 63,667,579 64,234,665 66,323,209 67,713,271 71,927,764

Farm 63,996 85,033 75,590 74,885 91,030 103,138 104,457

Nonfarm 55,790,782 64,657,061 63,591,989 64,159,780 66,232,179 67,610,133 71,823,307

Private 46,167,282 51,651,838 50,212,214 50,917,977 53,119,863 54,449,420 58,386,189


16,617 24,303 25,250 26,586 29,561 29,334 32,169


761,694 1,091,473 1,211,991 1,370,467 1,530,624 1,578,307 1,522,798

Utilities 554,188 559,754 553,745 548,109 518,787 562,147 548,134

Construction 6,278,938 5,851,527 4,124,240 3,425,729 3,364,731 3,620,286 4,169,875

Manufacturing 2,526,077 2,635,128 2,521,020 2,538,218 2,683,961 2,766,660 2,939,886

Wholesale trade 2,127,116 2,462,487 2,381,226 2,413,251 2,523,814 2,513,428 2,726,233

Retail trade 4,152,190 4,311,321 4,300,397 4,377,468 4,571,160 4,720,688 5,012,561


1,906,568 2,618,516 2,710,159 2,875,950 3,058,451 3,045,184 3,264,958

Information 912,521 952,046 899,558 898,530 945,554 927,772 1,047,439

Finance and insurance 2,374,051 2,258,511 2,249,122 2,264,112 2,407,354 2,568,037 2,719,951


999,194 1,099,677 1,057,412 1,044,381 1,082,915 1,147,338 1,251,085


3,275,327 3,870,379 3,763,270 3,821,789 3,963,216 4,065,656 4,274,463


1,745,335 2,139,697 2,257,542 2,344,791 2,669,319 2,847,575 2,944,624


2,325,933 2,543,701 2,578,536 2,720,287 2,824,003 2,884,246 3,175,088



3,928,579 5,501,825 5,684,703 5,710,446 5,976,125 6,112,068 6,525,292


967,542 1,023,479 993,969 1,075,051 1,084,882 1,094,656 1,209,630


9,898,627 10,789,690 10,976,805 11,499,694 11,835,116 11,873,745 12,784,033


1,213,836 1,520,779 1,495,364 1,537,509 1,609,284 1,636,690 1,747,929

Government 9,623,500 13,005,223 13,379,775 13,241,803 13,112,316 13,160,713 13,437,118

Federal, civilian 1,279,906 1,551,699 1,595,849 1,607,773 1,674,584 1,689,644 1,729,322

Military 731,180 1,032,545 1,140,908 1,218,838 1,269,875 1,252,937 1,255,438

State and local 7,612,414 10,420,979 10,643,018 10,415,192 10,167,857 10,218,132 10,452,358

State government 1,997,743 2,673,057 2,707,042 2,638,468 2,532,061 2,618,310 2,671,966

Local government 5,614,671 7,747,922 7,935,976 7,776,724 7,635,796 7,599,822 7,780,392


1 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. (2016). Gross Analysis Regional Product, Wages and Employment CA25N and CA6N for

United States, State of Nevada, Clark, Lincoln, and Nye Counties, 2004, 2009-2014.


APRIL 2017

Table C-2 Average Compensation by Sector in Nevada, 2004, 2009 - 2014

Industrial Sector Average Compensation* per Job (in dollars)

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Average Earnings (all jobs) 46,857 54,360 55,116 55,245 56,184 56,029 57,412

Farm 12,947 16,888 14,118 13,953 16,046 17,615 18,138

Nonfarm 38,700 42,564 43,010 42,687 43,621 43,323 44,637

Private 35,767 38,325 38,347 38,098 39,259 39,061 40,521


12,947 14,846 15,931 15,806 17,638 17,597 18,968


Utilities 106,085 118,092 122,132 125,800 122,616 134,872 133,431

Construction 45,724 58,586 54,481 50,055 49,547 49,547 52,244

Manufacturing 51,308 59,262 60,492 59,737 61,532 60,545 62,475

Wholesale trade 53,772 61,881 63,516 64,116 67,474 66,143 69,893

Retail trade 27,502 27,712 28,215 28,186 28,860 28,920 29,787


41,518 48,271 50,939 51,985 52,495 51,465 52,076

Information 48,549 52,599 50,978 51,117 52,960 50,340 54,028



11,600 10,713 10,523 10,162 10,901 11,401 12,277


42,762 46,810 46,241 46,829 48,046 47,740 49,188


148,615 99,202 101,985 108,410 115,720 119,797 119,827


24,257 27,423 27,131 27,007 27,566 27,025 28,552



44,829 51,399 51,874 50,521 51,714 51,489 53,153


21,377 21,745 21,348 22,119 21,994 21,782 23,426


33,921 37,189 37,722 38,704 39,713 38,932 40,410


20,758 22,724 22,876 22,177 22,082 21,340 21,899

Government 63,805 75,912 79,126 79,512 79,321 78,966 79,897


Military 52,861 64,777 67,104 68,290 69,392 67,333 67,679

State and local 63,340 75,809 79,813 79,542 78,964 78,799 79,480




*Average compensation per job is compensation of employees divided by total full-time and part-time wage and salary employment.


APRIL 2017

Table C-3 Total Compensation by Sector in Clark County, 2004, 2009 - 2014

Industrial Sector Total Compensation ($thousands)

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total Earnings 39,855,513 47,014,563 45,839,638 46,142,653 47,854,394 48,854,378 52,187,489

Farm 3,458 2,807 2,765 2,994 3,783 4,214 4,422

Nonfarm 39,852,055 47,011,756 45,836,873 46,139,659 47,850,611 48,850,164 52,183,067

Private 33,738,833 38,312,240 36,850,263 37,228,107 38,946,826 39,961,207 43,079,384


1,320 7,241 7,339 7,898 9,382 9,378 9,726


22,122 19,132 17,980 14,876 18,865 21,147 25,838

Utilities 375,237 383,251 376,106 383,257 356,376 390,203 367,691

Construction 4,887,195 4,857,447 3,222,176 2,503,096 2,462,139 2,666,644 3,043,844

Manufacturing 1,249,130 1,365,741 1,280,237 1,296,526 1,398,125 1,440,558 1,538,427

Wholesale trade 1,387,626 1,643,748 1,587,695 1,597,089 1,688,271 1,669,842 1,854,656

Retail trade 2,990,533 3,124,529 3,148,508 3,220,245 3,403,150 3,502,600 3,724,026


1,307,550 1,843,178 1,915,122 2,067,962 2,192,993 2,162,578 2,318,772

Information 682,679 724,098 676,686 682,420 735,789 730,197 832,421


1,747,301 1,696,714 1,672,121 1,678,324 1,790,633 1,904,775 2,012,293


796,899 905,625 865,003 850,247 882,894 934,375 1,022,823


2,339,530 2,780,826 2,689,862 2,710,862 2,797,419 2,910,723 3,086,032


1,425,335 1,650,847 1,754,869 1,831,998 2,103,953 2,274,011 2,321,423


1,784,562 1,953,370 1,960,697 2,052,061 2,160,660 2,216,262 2,447,272



2,641,112 3,807,085 3,930,656 3,985,450 4,206,422 4,323,013 4,624,110


689,149 725,359 694,704 768,328 798,718 802,454 910,962


8,396,774 9,452,233 9,671,013 10,167,279 10,474,731 10,502,518 11,320,047


861,950 1,071,308 1,052,500 1,084,497 1,127,462 1,151,009 1,243,874

Government 6,113,222 8,699,516 8,986,610 8,911,552 8,903,785 8,888,957 9,103,683

Federal, civilian 834,707 1,012,461 1,061,016 1,068,615 1,132,437 1,153,166 1,183,407

Military 616,323 881,147 977,457 1,053,503 1,119,727 1,109,622 1,117,400

State and local 4,662,192 6,805,908 6,948,137 6,789,434 6,651,621 6,626,169 6,802,876

State government

790,299 1,180,027 1,205,823 1,168,726 1,132,423 1,166,890 1,214,584

Local government

3,871,893 5,625,881 5,742,314 5,620,708 5,519,198 5,459,279 5,588,292



APRIL 2017

Table C-4 Average Compensation by Sector in Clark County, 2004, 2009 - 2014

Industrial Sector Average Earnings per Job (in dollars)

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Farm 9,741 8,404 7,201 7,356 8,296 8,797 9,530

Nonfarm 39,425 43,302 43,350 42,784 43,776 43,385 44,770

Private 36,811 39,333 38,912 38,396 39,575 39,329 40,859


3,917 22,076 23,984 23,506 29,319 26,718 27,320


Utilities 111,678 122,249 125,956 130,760 126,960 142,775 137,712

Construction 48,326 63,626 58,369 51,896 51,811 51,617 54,269

Manufacturing 49,736 57,870 59,232 58,773 61,413 60,734 63,362

Wholesale trade 56,596 63,669 64,822 65,163 69,260 67,229 72,501

Retail trade 28,283 28,348 28,890 28,815 29,546 29,523 30,339


41,643 49,516 52,700 54,299 55,156 53,508 54,617

Information 51,891 54,885 52,780 52,656 54,722 51,975 55,733



12,928 12,382 11,755 11,216 11,946 12,511 13,495


44,958 48,987 48,033 48,340 49,083 49,033 50,473


164,380 102,639 110,480 114,293 120,605 123,972 120,914


25,048 27,907 27,215 26,806 27,727 27,260 28,763



45,435 52,274 52,490 50,811 51,946 51,560 53,146


22,736 22,665 21,860 22,895 22,915 22,480 24,667


35,825 39,318 39,886 40,985 42,057 41,211 42,635


21,970 23,191 23,080 22,172 21,884 21,357 22,062

Government 64,827 77,942 81,439 81,872 81,720 80,887 81,844


Military 54,158 66,197 68,820 70,497 72,432 70,327 71,131

State and local 64,606 78,607 82,958 82,644 81,933 81,198 81,808






APRIL 2017

Table C-5 Total Compensation by Sector in Lincoln County, 2004, 2009 - 2014

Industrial Sector Total Earnings ($thousands)

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total Earnings 60,408 74,873 76,809 80,254 82,775 82,007 83,911

Farm 1,098 2,788 2,938 3,330 4,513 5,121 5,173

Nonfarm 59,310 72,085 73,871 76,924 78,262 76,886 78,738

Private 26,229 32,979 34,781 36,461 36,901 36,036 37,461


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Mining, oil and gas extraction (D) 348 458 708 (D) (D) 738


Construction (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Manufacturing (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Wholesale trade (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 400 (D)

Retail trade 3,421 3,912 4,168 3,825 3,929 3,882 4,351


2,229 2,540 2,567 2,777 (D) (D) 3,356

Information (D) 1,593 (D) (D) (D) 1,736 (D)

Finance and insurance (D) 1,615 1,567 1,613 1,585 1,537 1,712


(D) 309 261 226 177 105 204


(D) 16,385 16,678 16,644 16,738 16,384 16,452


0 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


603 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Educational services 0 0 0 0 0 0 (D)


355 1,520 1,981 2,093 2,400 2,186 (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Government 33,081 39,106 39,090 40,463 41,361 40,850 41,277


Military 229 463 491 473 464 438 415

State and local 30,651 35,845 35,631 36,473 37,280 37,098 37,504

State government (D) 10,692 10,199 10,869 10,896 10,696 10,522



(D) Not shown to avoid disclosure of confidential information, but the estimates for this item are included in the total.


APRIL 2017

Table C-6 Average Compensation by Sector in Lincoln County, 2004, 2009 - 2014


2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Farm 7,678 15,235 13,858 14,541 17,768 19,621 20,128

Nonfarm 32,499 35,935 36,247 35,629 35,253 34,556 35,198

Private 21,713 24,501 24,720 24,019 23,564 22,678 23,224


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Mining, oil and gas extraction (D) 4,405 4,089 4,370 (D) (D) 4,077


Construction (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Manufacturing (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Wholesale trade (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) 19,048 (D)

Retail trade 12,577 16,506 17,736 17,466 16,508 16,733 18,282


41,278 56,444 54,617 59,085 (D) (D) (D)

Information (D) 40,846 (D) (D) (D) 31,564 (D)

Finance and insurance (D) 23,071 16,670 12,408 10,931 10,527 (D)


(D) 5,150 4,015 3,477 3,161 1,329 2,550


(D) 54,617 58,111 59,021 58,937 57,488 59,180


0 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


14,357 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Educational services (L) 0 0 0 0 0 (D)


7,100 26,207 28,300 25,524 26,667 23,761 (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


(D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

Government 53,616 59,252 61,949 63,125 63,243 64,230 66,149


Military (L) 38,583 37,769 36,385 33,143 31,286 29,643

State and local 54,058 59,346 62,075 62,884 63,080 64,073 65,796





(L) Less than $50,000, but the estimates for this item are included in the total.



APRIL 2017

Table C-7 Total Compensation by Sector in Nye County, 2004, 2009 - 2014

Industrial Sector Total Earnings ($thousands)

2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Total Earnings 546,464 624,122 635,077 641,527 646,486 658,310 688,403

Farm 4,338 4,756 3,460 2,741 2,575 2,922 2,951

Nonfarm 542,126 619,366 631,617 638,786 643,911 655,388 685,452

Private 442,013 477,479 485,245 499,732 520,652 533,908 559,689


279 (D) (D) (D) (D) (D) (D)


Utilities (D) 13,604 13,772 11,921 13,941 16,205 16,705

Construction 33,782 16,673 16,548 20,116 21,962 30,633 26,440

Manufacturing 7,364 6,066 5,728 4,934 5,726 6,787 7,716

Wholesale trade 4,550 5,388 6,219 6,170 4,265 5,501 5,587

Retail trade 35,964 42,982 41,705 40,758 41,209 42,056 44,721


(D) 2,948 3,543 5,161 5,395 5,322 6,414

Information 4,514 4,736 4,623 3,807 4,374 4,700 5,842



3,689 3,245 3,256 2,857 3,057 3,121 3,619


170,402 146,030 141,784 143,233 137,493 130,805 136,566


(D) (D) 2,358 2,315 2,714 1,966 1,614


(D) 52,351 58,785 67,627 59,639 57,238 57,444

Educational services (D) 5,205 (D) (D) (D) (D) 6,823


(D) 33,043 (D) 35,414 (D) (D) 46,181


10,955 16,306 15,979 14,474 15,040 15,101 16,139


28,693 30,961 31,200 31,955 34,976 34,517 36,127


9,252 12,909 12,904 12,496 18,457 17,953 19,804

Government 100,113 141,887 146,372 139,054 123,259 121,480 125,763


Military 2,505 8,724 11,196 10,989 4,220 4,076 3,906

State and local 85,715 120,508 123,389 116,426 108,119 107,030 111,176






APRIL 2017

Table C-8 Average Compensation by Sector in Nye County, 2004, 2009 - 2014


2004 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014


Farm 13,472 18,222 14,122 12,459 12,380 13,783 13,986

Nonfarm 34,473 40,008 42,074 41,987 42,329 42,822 44,015

Private 31,822 35,876 37,497 37,699 38,872 39,646 40,850


4,895 (D) (D) (D) (D) 19,452 21,383


Utilities (D) 103,061 117,709 105,496 111,528 114,120 119,321

Construction 25,061 25,224 26,308 30,900 31,555 41,340 36,570

Manufacturing 29,694 29,882 29,833 28,854 30,785 30,031 33,259

Wholesale trade 26,608 37,944 36,799 37,622 32,808 40,748 45,056

Retail trade 19,069 22,706 23,067 22,556 23,009 23,694 24,424


(D) 12,232 15,608 22,342 24,635 25,710 27,647

Information 30,295 34,072 34,759 29,742 32,400 33,333 42,642



3,438 3,271 3,299 2,857 3,345 3,081 3,555


69,609 76,576 80,285 82,413 83,430 78,798 83,120


(D) (D) 16,041 10,475 12,170 11,915 9,665


(D) 52,039 58,376 57,069 55,427 55,249 55,076

Educational services (D) 28,443 (D) (D) (D) (D) 28,789


(D) 34,709 (D) 36,211 (D) (D) 44,749


18,443 21,684 22,380 21,571 22,183 23,449 23,874


17,723 20,450 20,662 21,037 22,464 22,070 22,551


11,228 14,686 15,491 14,947 18,814 17,793 18,648

Government 54,528 65,326 70,677 71,018 67,799 66,094 67,181


Military 32,115 58,550 64,717 64,263 35,167 34,252 32,281

State and local 53,875 64,650 70,227 70,604 68,866 66,894 68,081






Documents

NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE (NTTR) Impact... · 1 April 2017 NEVADA TEST AND TRAINING RANGE (NTTR) Land Withdrawal Application Packages / ... the Engle Act, the Federal Land Policy