Neutrino Physics Opportunitiesfor Fermilab Steering Group 6/12/07

Andy Lankford

UC Irvine

NPG: Presentations

• 5/10 Gene Beier: NuSAG Status Report to NSAC• 5/14 Peter Meyers: NuSAG• 5/22 Henryk Piekarz: A Double, 480 GeV, Fast Cycling

Proton Accelerator for Production of Neutrino Beams at Fermilab

• 5/22 Janet Conrad: An Ultra-High Statistics Muon Neutrino Scattering Experiment at the TeVatron

• 5/29 Mats Lindroos: Beta-beams• 5/31 Bonnie Fleming: Ideas on LArTPC Detectors• 5/31 Kate Scholberg: Neutrino Physics with a Stopped

Pion Source

Long-Baseline Oscillation Experiments

• Flagship of neutrino physics– theta_13, mass hierarchy, CP violation

• NuSAG is addressing– Report to HEPAP expected in mid-July– NuSAG is relying heavily on BNL-FNAL study

• Examining options for next generation:– Off-axis Beam vs. Wide-band Beam– Liquid argon TPC vs. Water cerenkov

• Experiments require as many neutrino interactions as possible– Neutrino flux– Detector mass– Next generation would benefit more from an order of magnitude

improvement than a factor of two improvement• Possible conclusion: Need results from current generation before

finalizing next generation• NPG is to build upon NuSAG report

Double 480 GeV Proton AcceleratorH. Piekarz

• Two super-ferric rings in TeVatron– Designed for high beam power

• Note: current booster cannot provide current for more than 4.8 MW

• Note: power via intensity rather than energy preferred

• Produces high energy neutrinos– Needs very long baselines– Energies much higher than optimum for U.S.-based

experiments• High energy comes with high intrinsic neu_e bkgd.

• Not rated highly by NPG

Neutrino Scattering using TeVatron BeamJ. Conrad

• Deep inelastic scattering– 100x NuTeV– 50k neu_mu + e elastic scatters

• Needs high statistics– 3x NuTeV fiducial volume– 20x NuTeV proton intensity (5E19 POT/yr)– 2x NuTeV running period

• Unique precision electroweak experiment– Complements direct BSM exploration of LHC

• NPG viewed physics opportunity favorably

Beta-beamsM. Lindroos

• Presentation heard by FSG

• Probably for far future

• Akin to neutrino factory

• Not examined carefully for roadmap

LArTPC DetectorsB. Fleming

• Roadmap from R&D to multi-kiloton– Includes 50-1000 ton experiments on site

• Several options mentioned– Cross-sections, fine-grained near-detector for NOvA

• microBooNE: 50T fiducial– Investigate MiniBooNE low-E discrepancy

• Physics program now + LAr R&D for future program– Using existing beams

• NPG found above synergy very enticing

Physics with Stopped Pion SourceK. Scholberg

• Based on SNS proposal• Stopped pion produces 3 low-energy neus• Physics:

– Cross-sections for astrophysics (SN physics)– Coherent elastic neu-nucleus scattering

• (ambitious)

– Sterile neutrino oscillations

• Requires ~1 MW• NPG found interesting

Facilities for Neutrino Beams - 1

#2 High Intensity Proton Sources– Should include 8 GeV beams– Supports:

• Oscillation program• LArTPC experiments onsite• Stopped pion source

#7 Proton sources by reconfiguring FNAL collider complex– Similar to above; supports same physics

#8 Proton sources with New Booster + 1 GeV Linac– Similar to above; supports same physics

#9 Double, 480 GeV, Fast Cycling Proton Accelerator– Supports oscillation program, but not well– Competes with other uses of TeVatron

Facilities for Neutrino Beams - 2

#10 1 TeV protons from TeVatron– Supports precision deep-inelastic scattering program– Could also measure cross-sections with LArTPC– Competes with other uses of TeVatron

#13 Beta-beams– Supports future oscillation program– In post-ILC era

• Neutrino Factories (should be on list)– Supports future oscillation program– In post-ILC era

Facilities for Neutrino Beams - 3

• Summary: – Interesting for Neutrino Physics: Mid-term

#2 High Intensity Proton Sources#7 Proton sources by reconfiguring FNAL complex#8 Proton sources with New Booster + 1 GeV Linac#10 1 TeV protons from TeVatron

– Interesting for Neutrino Physics: Long-term#13 Beta-beams• Neutrino Factories

– Not particularly interesting for Neutrino Physics#9 Double, 480 GeV, Fast Cycling Proton Accelerator

– More protons are better• Competition with other programs (proton economics0• No clear breakpoints in required intensities• Could foresee using >1 MW at low energy (e.g. 8 GeV)• For fixed neutrino flux, NuMI energy may be higher than optimum

FY09 Opportunities

• Possible investment ideas for FY09 based on neutrino presentations– LArTPC R&D

• E.g. towards neu_e monitor for NuMI

– Hall for near-detector in NuMI line– TeVatron neutrino line