Network+ Guide to Networks, Fourth Edition

Chapter 10

Netware-Based Networking

Network+ Guide to Networks, 4e 2

Introduction to NetWare

• Novell released first NetWare in 1983– NetWare versions prior to 4.11 require IPX/SPX

protocol suite– Refined to run over TCP/IP in version 4.11

• NetWare 6.5’s key features:– Support for multiple processors, multitasking, and

SMP– Flexible use of virtual and physical memory– eDirectory– Simple, centralized management of multiple clients,

resources, and services

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Introduction to NetWare (continued)

• NetWare 6.5’s key features (continued):– Multiple, integrated Web development and delivery

services– Support for multiple modern protocols– Excellent integration with other NOSs and support

for many different clients– Remote client services– Built-in clustering services– Provisions for monitoring server performance,

automatic backups, and resource utilization

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NetWare Server Hardware Requirements

Table 10-1: Minimum hardware requirements for NetWare 6.5 servers

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A Closer Look at the NetWare 6.5 Operating System: NetWare

Integrated Kernel • Core of NetWare 6.5 OS

– Oversees all critical server processes– Started by server.exe, which runs from server’s DOS

partition

• Takes advantage of SMP– Up to 32 processors

• NetWare loadable modules (NLMs): Enable server to run variety of programs and services– Each consumes some of server’s memory and

processor resources

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A Closer Look at the NetWare 6.5 Operating System: NetWare Integrated Kernel (continued)

• Load or unload NLMs through server’s console– Enables network administrator to manage disks and

volumes and modify server parameters– Monitor: text-based menu system – ConsoleOne: graphical menu system

• X Server: NetWare 6.5 server’s graphical desktop

• Remote Manager: access console commands via Web browser on another network computer

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A Closer Look at the NetWare 6.5 Operating System: NetWare Integrated Kernel (continued)

Figure 10-1: A ConsoleOne client window

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A Closer Look at the NetWare 6.5 Operating System: NetWare Integrated Kernel (continued)

Figure 10-2: Remote Manager Health Monitor

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NetWare File System

• Novell Storage Services (NSS):– 64-bit interface– Files or directories up to 8 TB– A trillion files in single directory– File compression– User and directory space restrictions– Advanced fault-tolerance techniques– Efficient use of memory– Browser-based volume management– Split volumes over multiple storage devices

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NetWare File System (continued)

• NSS-based system may have up to four partitions– One must be a DOS partition

• Primary boot partition– Unlimited volumes on each partition

• Volumes are basis for organizing files and directories

• NSS can combine free storage space from multiple storage devices into a storage pool– Provides flexibility

• iManager: GUI tool used to manage objects

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NetWare File System (continued)

Figure 10-3: A storage pool in Novell Storage Services

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eDirectory

• NetWare 6.5’s directory database– System for organizing and managing multiple

servers and their resources– Similar to Active Directory in Windows Server 2003

• Treat every networked resource as separate object with distinct attributes

• Objects belong to classes

• eDirectory information stored in database that supports LDAP– Compatible with other NOS and Internet directories

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eDirectory (continued)

Figure 10-4: eDirectory objects

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eDirectory (continued)

• Schema: defined set of object classes and their properties– Base schema: simple schema installed by default

with eDirectory– Extended schema: changes made to base schema

• Trees and OUs:– Hierarchical organization– Tree can have one root

• Tree Object

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eDirectory (continued)

• Trees and OUs (continued):– Below root is an organization object

• Branches out in hierarchical arrangement of OUs

– A user is a leaf object

• Naming Conventions:– Each eDirectory tree object has a context

• Indicates where object belongs in the tree

• Consists of object’s OU names, arranged from specific to general, plus organization name

– Typeful and typeless contexts

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eDirectory (continued)

Figure 10-5: A simple eDirectory tree

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eDirectory (continued)

Figure 10-6: Ways of grouping objects in an eDirectory tree

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eDirectory (continued)

Figure 10-6 (continued): Ways of grouping objects in an eDirectory tree

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eDirectory (continued)

Figure 10-7: A more complex eDirectory tree

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Installing and Configuring a NetWare 6.5 Server: The Installation Process

• Installed from CD or another server on network

• Installation tasks:– Select language– Select regional settings– Accept License Agreements– Choose Default or Manual installation– Prepare boot partition– Choose pattern– Select components to install (Manual installation)– Copy files

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The Installation Process (continued)

• Tasks to set up server:– Name server– Enable cryptography– Specify network protocols for each network adapter

• If TCP/IP, specify server’s IP addressing information– Enter server’s host and domain name– New eDirectory tree or add server to existing tree?– Enter eDirectory information– Choose an Administrator ID and password– Select login method

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Establishing Users and Groups

• Need to add objects—including user objects—to eDirectory tree– Use ConsoleOne, Remote Manager, or iManager

• To run ConsoleOne, computer must have ConsoleOne client installed – Running same protocols as server

• To run Remote Manager, point Web browser to IP address of server management interface– By default, port 8008 on server

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Establishing Users and Groups (continued)

Figure 10-8: The iManager Create User window

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Establishing Users and Groups (continued)

Figure 10-9: The iManager Create Group window

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Client Services

• Several ways for different types of clients to access server and its resources– Traditional client access– Native file access– Browser-based access

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Traditional Client Access

• Clients running Windows, Macintosh, and UNIX-type of OSs traditionally connected via a Novell client specifically designed for that client– Client must have appropriate protocol suite installed– May require additional client software

• Novell provides utilities to automatically install client software (and updates) on all clients

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Traditional Client Access (continued)

Figure 10-10: Novell Login dialog box

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Native File Access

• NetWare capable of providing clients with direct access to NSS using clients’ native file access protocols– Users can browse folders and directories as if

connected to server running same file access protocols

• All file access protocols installed by default– Network administrator must set up network share for

each protocol• Via iManager

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Native File Access (continued)

• Client must run same protocols and software normally used to connect to a server natively running its file access protocols

• NetDrive: When installed on Windows clients, allows access to directories on NetWare 6.5 server– Uses IPs such as HTTP and FTP

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Native File Access (continued)

Figure 10-11: NetDrive connection dialog box

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Browser-Based Access

• Users can navigate directories and manage files via Novell’s NetStorage tool– Only need to have TCP/IP protocols installed and

configured– Uses standard Internet application protocols– Users connect to URL on server

• By default, server’s IP address (or host name) plus /NetStorage

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Summary

• With NetWare 6.x, Novell has maintained its NOS’s traditional file- and print-sharing strengths while adding browser-based management tools; popular open source Web development tools; a fast, efficient file system; and flexible methods for managing multiple servers, volumes, and storage objects

• The NetWare Integrated Kernel is responsible for overseeing all critical NetWare server processes

• NLMs are routines that enable the server to run a range of programs and offer a variety of services

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Summary (continued)

• Using ConsoleOne, administrators can manage servers, volumes, disks, and eDirectory objects

• iManager is the primary means of managing eDirectory objects in NetWare 6.5

• NSS offers many advantages over traditional file systems, including faster access, more efficient use of memory, file compression, support of files or directories as large as 8 TB, support for sharing a single application over multiple servers, capability to limit user directory and volume size, and browser-based management tools

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Summary (continued)

• eDirectory is NetWare 6.x’s system for organizing and managing multiple servers and their resources, including storage devices, users, volumes, groups, printers, and so on

• The word “schema” refers to eDirectory’s defined set of object classes and their properties

• eDirectory follows a tree structure• Each object has a context that indicates where that

object belongs in the eDirectory tree• NetWare recognizes two naming conventions for a

user’s context: typeful and typeless

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Summary (continued)

• User and Group objects can be created through ConsoleOne, Remote Manager, or iManager

• Clients can connect to a NetWare 6.5 server, browse directories, and manage files in one of several different ways

• NetWare 6.5 uses the DirXML tool to share data between eDirectory and Active Directory or Windows NT domains

• Nterprise Linux Services integrates NetWare and Linux clients and servers