nevel netware

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Over View of Networking and Novell:HOW DOES A NETWORK OPERATE?To understand how a network operates, you must know about the principal components of anetwork: the file server, the workstations, and the software that runs on each----NetWare andoperating systems like DOS, OS/2, VMS, UNIX, and the Macintosh operating system.

Beyond these basic components, a NetWare network can incorporate mainframe computers,backup devices, modem pools, and different types of servers (such as file servers, print servers,or archive servers).The Network Workstations and DOSWorkstations are the personal computers on which network users do their work. Workstations areused much like non-networked personal computers. The only difference is that they can accessfiles from more than just the local drives. Each workstation processes its own files and uses itsown copy of DOS.The Network File Server and NetWareThe file server is a personal computer that uses the NetWare operating system to control thenetwork. The file server coordinates all of the workstations and regulates the way they share

network resources. It regulates who can access which files, who can make changes to data, andwho can use the printer first.All network files are stored on a hard disk in or attached to the file server, instead of on diskettesor hard disks in individual workstations.WHAT IS A NETWARE NETWORK?A NetWare network is a group of computers (such as PCs or Macintoshes) that are linkedtogether so they can communicate and share resources. Network users, each working on adifferent personal computer, can communicate with each other via the network. They can alsoshare network resources (hard disks on the file server, data, applications, and printers) and useany service the network provides (for example, access to a mainframe system).The NetWare WorkstationWorkstations use two pieces of software to communicate with the file server, the shell and aprotocol. The shell must be loaded into each workstation before that workstation can function onthe network.The NetWare shell, either NETX or VLM (depending on whether you are using IPX or ODI),directs workstation requests to DOS or NetWare. When a workstation makes a request (asks todo a task), the shell decides if it is a workstation task (to be directed to DOS) or a network task (tobe directed to NetWare).

If the request is a workstation task (such as using the DOS DIR command to list the filesin a local directory), DOS should handle the request.

If the request is a network task (such as printing a job on a network printer), NetWareshould handle the request.

The shell sends the request to the appropriate operating system, somewhat like a railroad trackswitcher sends trains to the proper destination.

The workstation shell uses another file(s), IPX (or the ODI components: LSL, the MLID and,IPXODI) to send network messages to the file server. This IPX protocol is the language theworkstation uses to communicate with the file server.

How are files stored on a Network?All network information is stored on the file server's hard disk. The system for storing thatinformation is called the "directory structure."The NetWare directory structure is organized into:1. File servers, which contain one or more...


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2. Volumes, which can span several hard disks, divided into...3. Directories, which can contain other directories (subdirectories) and...4. Files.


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A directory structure can be compared to a filing cabinet system.

The file server corresponds to the filing cabinet.

The volumes correspond to the filing cabinet drawers. Each file server has at least onevolume, the SYS: volume, which is created when the server is installed. In NetWare v3.12,however, one volume can span several hard disks.

The directories correspond to the hanging folders within the filing cabinet drawers. Youcan create and delete directories to suit your organizational needs, much as you insert hanging

folders into, and remove them from, a filing cabinet.

Directories can contain other directories, which are sometimes referred to assubdirectories. These directories within a directory then correspond to the manila folders insidethe hanging folders. They divide directories into smaller units, just as manila folders dividehanging folders into smaller units.

And finally, directories contain actual files, just as manila folders contain individualdocuments. A file might be a letter or a list of addresses. When you save information in a file, yougive the file a unique name so you can retrieve it later.

Who can use the network?Before being able to work on the network, a person must be designated as a network user.

Network users can be assigned four levels of responsibility on the network.1. Regular network users2. Operators (file server console, print queue, & print server operators)3. Managers (workgroup managers, user account managers)4. Network supervisors

Regular network users are the people who work on the network. They can run applications andwork with files according to the rights assigned to them.Operators are regular network users who have been assigned additional privileges. For example,a file server console operator is a network user who is given specific rights to use theFCONSOLE utility.Managers are users who have been given responsibility for creating and/or managing otherusers. Workgroup managers can create and manage users; user account managers can manage,

but not create, users. Managers function as supervisors over a particular group, but they do nothave supervisor equivalence.Network supervisors are responsible for the smooth operation of the whole network. Networksupervisors maintain the system, restructuring and updating it as needed. Supervisors may alsoteach regular network users how to use the network.

How is the information protected?All information on a NetWare network is stored in a central location--the file server's hard disk.However, all users should not be able to access all information (such as payroll files). In addition,users should not always be able to access the same data at the same time; otherwise, they mayoverwrite each other's work.To prevent problems like these, NetWare provides an extensive security system to protect thedata on the network.

NetWare security consists of a combination of the following:

Login securityLogin security includes creating usernames and passwords and imposing station, time,and account restrictions on users.

Trustee rights (privileges) assigned to usersTrustee rights control which directories and files a user can access and what the user is


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allowed to do with those files and directories, such as creating, reading, erasing, orwriting to them.

Attributes assigned to directories and filesDirectory and file attributes determine whether that directory or file can be deleted,copied, viewed, or written to. In addition, they also mark a file as shareable or non-

shareable.

Installation of Windows 2003 NT Server

Computer and processor

PC with a 133-MHz processor required; 550-MHz or faster processor recommended; support for

up to four processors on one server

Memory

128 MB of RAM required; 256 MB or more recommended; 4 GB maximum

Hard disk

1.2 GB for network install; 2.9 GB for CD install

Drive

CD-ROM or DVD-ROM driveDisplay

VGA or hardware that supports console redirection required; Super VGA supporting 800 x 600 or

higher-resolution monitor recommended

Plan your installation

When you run the Windows Server 2003 Setup program, you must provide information about

how to install and configure the operating system. Thorough planning can make your

installation of Windows Server 2003 more efficient by helping you to avoid potential problems

during installation.

when planning for your Windows Server 2003 installation

Check System Requirements

Check Hardware and Software Compatibility

Determine Disk Partitioning Options

Choose the Appropriate File System: FAT, FAT32, NTFS

Decide on a Workgroup or Domain Installation

Complete a Pre-Installation Checklist

After you made sure you can go on, start the installation process.

Beginning the installation process

You can install Windows Server 2003 in several methods all are valid and good, it all depends

upon your needs and your limitations.

In this tutorial we are installing directly from a CD by booting your computer with the CD.

Start the computer from the CD.


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You can press F6 if you need to install additional SCSI adapters or other mass-storage devices.

Setup will load all the needed files and drivers.
http://www.windowsreference.com/windows-server-2003/step-by-step-windows-server-2003-installation-guide/http://www.windowsreference.com/windows-server-2003/step-by-step-windows-server-2003-installation-guide/http://www.windowsreference.com/windows-server-2003/step-by-step-windows-server-2003-installation-guide/


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Windows server 2003 welcome screen and available options press enter

Read and accept thelicensing agreement and press F8 if you accept it.


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Select or create the partition on which you will install Windows Server 2003.Now you need to

click C to create new partition

Enter the partition size and press enter


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After creating the partition you need to select where you want to install windows server 2003

press enter

Now you need to format your new partition with NTFS select the option as below and press

enter


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Drive Format is in progress

After format setup will start copying files is in progress


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Setup Initializes your windows configuration

The computer will restart now and the installation process will start in graphicalmode.


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It will then begin to load device drivers based upon what it finds on your computer. You dont

need to do anything at this stage.


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Click Customize to change regional settings, if necessary.

Current System Locale Affects how programs display dates, times, currency, and numbers.

Choose the locale that matches your location, for example, United Kingdom.

Current Keyboard Layout Accommodates the special characters and symbols used in different

languages. Your keyboard layout determines which characters appear when you press keys on

the keyboard.

If you dont need to make any changes just press Next.


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Enter the name and Organization click next


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Enter your product key click next


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Select the license mode you want to use click next


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Enter the computer name and administrator password click next


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Select the correct date and time for your computer click next


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Installing network in progress


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Now you need to set the network settings here select custom settings click next


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Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) click on properties


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Select use the following ip address radio button and enter you ip address details click ok


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After configuring IP address you need to click next


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In the Workgroup or Domain window enter the name of your workgroup or domain.

A workgroup is a small group of computers on a network that enables users to work together

and does not support centralized administration.

A domain is a logical grouping of computers on a network that has a central security database

for storing security information. Centralized security and administration are important for

computers in a domain because they enable an administrator to easily manage computers that

are geographically distant from each other. A domain is administered as a unit with common

rules and procedures. Each domain has a unique name, and each computer within a domain has

a unique name.

If youre a stand-alone computer, or if you dont know what to enter, or if you dont have the

sufficient rights to join a domain leave the default entry selected and press Next.


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Next the setup process will finish copying files and configuring the setup. You do not need to

do anything.


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After finishing installation process your system will reboot and you can see logon screen


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After logging in you should see similar to the following screen for Windows server 2003 R2

editions now you need to insert CD2 to install extra components click ok


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Thats it you have completed windows server 2003 R2 installation..

Managing Resources and Users

Users, Printers, GroupsLeaf objects represent network resources. They cannot have other objects below them. For now,we'll review the four main types of leaf objects: Server, User, Volume, and Alias.Typeless vs. Typeful NamesUntil now, we have used typeless names for NDS objects. However, NDS can also use typefulnames. You do not have to use typeful names. NDS automatically converts typeless names into

typeful names.Here is an example of a typeless name, which uses only object names:.admin.CompNetSupp.OurCo

Here is the same name in typeful format, where the object type is prefixed before each objectname:.CN=admin.OU=CompNetSupp.O=OurCo


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Object Type AbbreviationsThese are the abbreviations for types of objects used in a typeful name format. CN stands forcommon name.

This abbreviation Fits this type of objectC Country

O Organization

OU Organizational Units

CN All leaf objects

Client for Novell and WindowsEarlier, you learned how Novell Client software enables workstations to communicate with thenetwork and to submit user names and passwords during the login procedure.

Windows ClientWindows 95/98 comes with Microsoft Clients for NetWare, which you can use to connect to aNetWare server. However, this client software is not NDS aware, so a workstation running it doesnot take full advantage of NetWare 5 services. Novell recommends that you use the Novell Clientfor Windows 95/98. This workstation client takes full advantage of all NetWare 5 functionality.

After placing the CD in the drive, WINSETUP.EXE should launch automatically. If not, useWindows Explorer to find the file and launch it, and after installation launches, your first step is toselect a language option.


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Then select a client version. In this example, we are installing the client for Windows 95/98. Thenselect the option for installing the Novell Client. Novell requires you to accept the terms of theirlicense agreement before installing

Typical or CustomThe Typical installation uses default settings that most users need, while the Custom option letsyou select exactly what is installed. For illustration purposes, we will use the Custom option.Select a ProtocolSelect a protocol option based on the protocols used by your network. The protocol and any othernecessary drivers will be installed. Select IP and IPX.


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NDS or BinderyYou must select either the NDS or Bindery connection option. Clients that log in to a NetWare 4or 5 server will need NDS. Clients that log in to a NetWare 3 server will connect to the bindery

Custom OptionsCustom options allow you to add additionalfunctionality to the client.

For example, to use network printing, certainNDPS software must be installed on theworkstation.

Also, if you want to download applications to theworkstation or perform other management tasksremotely, you must install Novell WorkstationManager.These custom options can be installed later.

However, planning the needs of the workstationsand installing the options now can make yourwork easier.

After the client software is installed, you're prompted to reboot the workstation. It must berebooted for the client to become active. Rebooting immediately enables you to check that theclient is functioning correctly. But you might want to wait to reboot if you have additional work toperform on that workstation.


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Two key changes occur because of the client installation. First, the Novell log in dialog box

appears when the client boots the computer. Second, Novell's icon is added to the systemtray. Windows 95/98 users can also launch the login dialog box from the Novell icon, the Startmenu, or LOGINW95.EXE in the Novell\Client32 directory.

Client ConfigurationsYou can control some of the workstation's network related activities by configuring the client.These configurations will affect every person who uses the workstation to access the network.

If your users share stations or frequently use different stations, you might want to minimize theconfigurations you set. However, if one person uses the same computer every day, setting clientconfigurations can make the login procedure quicker.To access client configurations, use the Control Panel. From the Start menu, point to Settings,and click Control Panel. With the Control Panel open, double-click the Network icon to open theNetwork dialog box. Select the Novell NetWare Client and click Properties.


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Client TabThe Novell NetWare Client Properties dialog box offers quite an assortment of configurationoptions.

Client tab to set default login information.The information you enter has to matchinformation specified for the User object inNDS. For example, you might use theName context box to set the context auser needs in order to log in. This contextis the NDS location of the User object.

Contextless login relieves users of the

need to enter their login context. Withoutit, users must enter the NDS context oftheir User object when logging in.Contextless login requires the login serverto run Cataloging Services, and it usesmore server capacity than traditional login.

Protocol Preferences. Beginning withclients for NetWare 5, Novell defaults to apreference for IP. So if you install both IPand IPX on a workstation, the station willattempt to use IP first when sending andreceiving packets. Use this tab to changethe protocol preference, if you wish.

Advanced SettingsThe Advanced Settings tab gives youaccess to several parameters.For example, you can use Cancel Desktop

Login to prevent users from using theirworkstations when not logged into thenetwork. By default, this parameter is setto Off.Select any parameter from the list, andselect an option from the Settings list.


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To log in, a user enters her username and password, which were created when her account wascreated. She then clicks OK to log in (assuming her network uses contextless login, or hercontext has already been set).

A user might also need to set Advanced optionsAdvanced options allow users to specify logininformation.

If contextless login isn't in effect, users typicallyneed to enter Tree and Context information thefirst time they log in. It is then stored for futurelogins.

Logging in from a different machine than usualmay require changing this information. Forexample, if admin's User object is not in theSales.OurCo NDS container, he will need tochange context.

Users can enter their context or use the browsebutton beside the box to locate it. After thesettings are entered, click OK to log in

The version of NetWare Administrator that you use depends on the operating system of yourWindows workstation. Versions of the application are located in subdirectories on the SYSvolume in the Public directory. The examples in this course always use NWADMN32.EXE, unlessnoted otherwise.

Workstation OS Application Version Location

Windows 95 NWADMN95.EXE SYS\Public\Win95

Windows 98 (or Windows 95 if the workstationis running a 32-bit version of Novell Client forWindows 95/98)

NWADMN32.EXE SYS\Public\Win32

Windows NT NWADMNNT.EXE SYS\Public\WinNT

You can use Windows Explorer, Network Neighborhood, My Computer, or the DOS prompt tolaunch NetWare Administrator. Here, we could double-click NWADMN32.EXE to launch theapplication.


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Follow these steps to create a User object with NetWare Administrator: In the tree, select thecontainer where you want to create the object. In this example we'll create a User object in theCompNetSupp container

From the Object menu, choose Create.

In the Class of new object list, choose Userand then click OK

In the Create User dialog box, enter theLogin name, also called a common name,for the user. This name is also the name ofthe User object. Make sure that the Loginname follows the naming standardsestablished for your network. You mustenter a Login name

In the Last name box, enter the user'scomplete last name. You must enter avalue in this box.

You do not have to use the remainingoptions on this dialog box. You'll learnabout templates and defining additionalproperties later in this unit. Therefore, we'llbriefly review the Create Home Directoryand Create another User option.

Home DirectoryThe Create Home Directory option enables you to create a network file system directory where

the user can store files. Use the browse button to select the volume or directory where the newdirectory will be located. In the Home Directory box, enter a name for the directory. Usually thisname should be the login name.After you have entered the required information and selected any additional options, click Createto create the new User object

The User object is created and appears in the NDS tree.


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You manage NDS objects by manipulating theobjects' property values. In this example, youlearn to manage User objects. However,managing all NDS objects follows this same basicprocedure.

To view and change property values, select anobject. From the Object menu, choose Details toopen the object's properties dialog box.You can manage several User object properties.Properties are grouped on pages, and you accessthese pages by clicking the buttons along the rightside of the dialog box. You'll learn the details ofmanaging these properties in other courses of thisseries. Now, let's review the Identification pageproperties.

The Last name box contains the name you entered when you created the User object. All of theother information on this page is optional. You should enter a name in either the Given name orFull name boxes. A user's full name might not fit into your Login name naming convention. Forinstance, you might have User objects named CLongen1 and CLongen2. In the Full name box,you can specify that CLongen1 represents Clarisa Longenberger.


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Earlier, when you created a User object,you saw the option to use a Templateobject. You use a template to do two things:

Create User objects that sharethe same properties

Update the property values of

all users created from thatTemplate object

Select the container where the object willbe used.Select the container where the object willbe used.In the Class of new object list, selectTemplateIn the dialog box, enter a name for thetemplate. You must enter a name for aTemplate object

In the Template object's properties dialog box, enter any values you wish all of the User objects toshare. Here we entered department information. After entering values, click OK to create theobject. The template is now ready to use.

Login Security FeaturesLogin security has four features:

Account restrictions

Password restrictions

Intruder Detection

Authentication

On the Login Restrictions page, you can select three options. The Account disabled optionprevents a user from logging in. You can set this option temporarily and reactivate the accountlater. The Account expiration date option allows you to disable an account on a preset date andtime. The Limit concurrent connections option determines how many logins a user can have atone time. For example, if this limit is two, then a user can log into the network from oneworkstation and then login from a second workstation. You can also limit the hours during which auser can login.On the Login Time Restrictions page, you can limit the hours during which a user can login.Select the hours that a user cannot login and click Reset. The restricted hours appear in gray.


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On the Network Address Restriction page, enter network addresses of workstations from whichthe user can log into the network. Click Add to enter an address. In the protocol options group,select the protocol used by that address.

The Account Balance page enables you to regulate how much the user uses one ormore network resources. For example, you can limit a user to being logged in only 100hours during a month. In order to use this feature, Accounting must be set up on everyserver in your network, and each server must have the bindery setup. On each server,you select the services for which there will be a charge and the charge rate. For example,you might charge one point for one hour of login time. By default, the user is allowedunlimited credit

You use the Password Restrictions page to specify how the password option functionsand to set passwords. If you want, you can prevent users from setting their passwords.You do not have to require passwords with user accounts. However, to secure yournetwork, you should use them. Passwords must be at least five characters up to amaximum of 128 characters.

The Intruder Detection feature detects and records information about failed login attempts due toincorrect passwords. This feature also can lock an account after a set number of attempts.


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ConsoleOneConsoleOne is a Java-based utility that you can use to create these NDS objects:

User

Group

Organization

Organizational Unit

ConsoleOne can be run on either the server or any workstation that has the Novell Clientsoftware and Java Runtime Environment (JRE) installed. The JRE is automatically installed withthe NetWare operating system.This course shows you how to use ConsoleOne from a Windows 98 workstation. To create aUser object with ConsoleOne, start in Windows Explorer and navigate to the SYS volume'sPublic\mgmt\ directory. Double-click Console1.exe.

In the tree pane of ConsoleOne, select the container where you want to create the User object. Inthis case we'll be placing the new User object in the CompNetSupp container. Open the Filemenu and choose User from the New submenu. In the New User dialog box, enter a login nameand last name, then click Create

In the Create Authentication Secrets dialog box, ifthe Tree and Context boxes are empty, enter theinformation for where the User object will becreated in the NDS tree. This information appearsautomatically if you selected the container object(i.e., context for the User object) in Step 2.

Enter a password and click OK. The User objectappears in the display pane

UIMPORT is a command-line utility that enables the administrator to create multiple User objects

by using an ASCII text file and a control file. In situations where a large number of user accountsneed to be brought into NDS from a different platform, UIMPORT enables the creation to beautomated.


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Consider this example. When employees are hired, a personnel department creates a record foreach employee in a database. The record contains information about the employee's name, thedepartment where he works, and his employee ID numbers. At the end of each week, thepersonnel department exports the information for the employees hired that week to an ASCII textfile, which is sent to you, the network administrator. Then, you use that file to create User objectsand set up accounts.

ASCII Text FilesTo use UIMPORT, you need two ASCII text files:

A comma-delimited text file that has the user data. This file is named with a .DATextension.

A control file that is named with a .CTL extension. UIMPORT uses information in thecontrol file to know where to create the User objects and how to organize and read thefield values in the data file.

Here's an example of a UIMPORT control file named control.ctl.There are many Import control parameters. This example showsonly three that you must useName context specifies the container in which the users will becreated. The Separator specifies the character used in the datafile to separate field values. In this case we're using comma-delimited files.The Import Mode field uses four possible values:

B for updating property values of existing User objects

or creating new User objects C only for creating User objects

U only for updating property values of existing Userobjects

R for removing or deleting User objects listed in thedata file from NDS

Fields represent properties of User objects. For a complete listof the fields you can use, check the UIMPORT help. Just likewhen you create User objects with NetWare Administrator, youmust use the Name and Last Name fields. The Name fieldrepresents the username assigned to the User object.

F:\public> UIMPORT [path:\]controlfile [path:\]datafile


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Logging Into YourNovell Account

from Windows 95/98To login to your Novell account, all you need to know yourusername andpassword- nothingmore. Your Novell username is usually the same as your First Initial and Last Name.Another example is usernames with the first 5 letters of their last name + the first letter of theirfirst name + the last 2 digits of their SSN. The initial password is the student's SSN without anydashes or spaces. For example, Jane J. Smith has a SSN of 123-45-6799, so her username is

smithj99 and her initial password is 123456799.Step 1. If the PC is turned off, turn it on and go to step 2. If the PC is on and waiting at the "NovellLogin" screen, go to step 2. If the PC is already on and the Windows 95 status bar is displayed,click on the "Start" button and click on "Shut Down...". The "Shut Down Windows" dialog box willappear. Click on "Restart the computer?" and click on "Yes".Step 2. When the PC has finished its process it will stop at the "Novell Login" dialog box. Thescreen will prompt you for your Username and Password.Step 3. Type your username in the "Username" field and press [Tab]. Type your password in the"Password" field and press [Enter].Step 4. If this is the first time you have logged into your Novell account, or your password is olderthan 180 days, the "Confirm..." screen will notify you that your password has expired and ask youif you want to change your password. Click on "Yes". If you do not get this "Confirm..." screen, goto step 7.

Step 5. The Novell "Change Password" dialog box will prompt you for a new Novell password.You must use a password that is at least 5 characters long.Note: Academic Computing recommends that when selecting a password you do not use anyword that can be found in a dictionary or familiar names and dates. The best type of password isa cryptic combination of letters, numbers, and/or symbols.Step 6. Type your new password in the "Enter new password:" field and press [Tab]. Retype yournew password in the "Retype new password:" field for verification, and press [Enter]. If you enteran invalid password the screen will prompt you for the information again.Step 7. A "Change Windows Password" dialog box may appear and prompt you for and newWindows password. If it does, press [Enter] or click on "OK". If the dialog box does not clear,press [Esc] or click on "Cancel" to clear it.Step 8. When both the Novell system and Windows have authenticated your username andpassword, your Novell login script will run. The login script will automatically configure the PC

environment for you. When it is complete, it will close.Congratulations! You have successfully logged into the Novell Network.IMPORTANT - Please remember to logout of your Novell account before you leave the PC. If youdo not, the next person that uses the PC will have access to your account and your files.

From a Windows NT WorkstationThese instructions will take you through the process of logging into your personal Novell accountfrom a Windows NT Workstation in the General Access Computer Labs.


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Step 1. If the PC is turned off, turn it on and go to step 2. If the PC is on and waiting at the"Begin Login" screen, go to step 2. If the PC is already on and the Windows NT status bar isdisplayed, click on the "Start" button and click on "Shut Down...". The "Shut Down Windows"dialog box will appear. Click on "Close all programs and log on as a different user?" and click on"Yes".Step 2. When the PC has finished its process it will stop at the "Begin Login" window. Thescreen will prompt you to press [Ctrl-Alt-Del] (all at the same time) to begin the login process.Step 3. When you press [Ctrl-Alt-Del], the "Novell Login" window will open and prompt you foryour Username and Password. Type your Username in the "Username" field and press [Tab].Type your password in the "Password" field and press [Enter] or click on OK.

Step 4. The "Windows NT/2000Workstation" window will open and prompt you for another name and password. Do not enter orchange any information in this dialog box, simply press [Enter] or click on OK.

Step 5. If this is the first time you havelogged into your Novell account, or your password is older than 180 days, the "Confirm..." screenwill notify you that your password has expired and ask you if you want to change your password.Click on "Yes". If you do not get this "Confirm..." screen, go to step 7.

Step 6. The "Change Password" dialog box will prompt you for a new Novell password. Typeyour new password in the "Enter new password:" field and press [Tab]. Retype your newpassword in the "Retype new password:" field for verification, and press [Enter] or click on OK. Ifyou enter an invalid password the screen will prompt you for the information again.Note: Passwords must be at least 5 characters long. Academic Computing recommends thatwhen selecting a password you do not use any word that can be found in a dictionary or familiarnames and dates. The best type of password is a cryptic combination of letters, numbers, and/orsymbols.When you have successfully changed your password the login process will continue.Step 7. When both the Novell system and Windows have authenticated your Username andpassword, the Novell login script will run and the Windows NT desktop will open.Congratulations! You have successfully logged into the Novell Network on a Windows NTWorkstation.IMPORTANT - Please remember to logout of your Novell account before you leave the PC. If youdo not, the next person that uses the PC will have access to your account and your files.


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Control Panel Novel Netware

List of Control Panel applets

The applets listed below are components of theMicrosoft Windowscontrol panel, whichallows users to define a range of settings for theircomputer, monitor the status of devices such

as printers and modems, and set up newhardware, programs and networkconnections. Each

applet is stored individually as a separate file (usually a .cpl file), folder orDLL, the locations of

which are stored in theregistryunder the following keys:

HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Current Version\Control Panel\Cpls

This contains the string format locations of all .cpl files on the hard drive used within the

control panel.

HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Current

Version\Explorer\ControlPanel\Namespace

This contains the location of the CLSIDvariables for all the panels not included as cpl

files. These are commonly folders or shell applets, though Windows Vistaallows physical

programs themselves to be registered as well. The CLSID then allows items such as the

icon, infobox and category to be set and gives the location of the file to be used.

The control panel then uses these lists to locate the applets and load them into the control panel

program (control.exe) when started by the user. In addition to using the control panel, a user can

also invoke the applets manually via thecommand processor. For instance, the syntax

"Control.exe inetcpl.cpl" or "control.exe /name Microsoft. InternetOptions" will run the internet

properties applet in Windows XP or Vista respectively.

Standard applets

Accessibility Options (Access.cpl)

Allows users to configure the accessibility of their PC. It comprises various settings primarily aimed atusers with disabilities or hardware problems.

The behavior of thekeyboardcan be modified, this is aimed at people who have difficulty pressing

key-combinations, or pressing a key just once. (StickyKeys, FilterKeys and ToggleKeys)

Behavior of sounds can be modified. (SoundSentryand ShowSounds)

High contrast mode can be activated.

The keyboardcursorcan be customized.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_registryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_registryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_registryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLSIDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLSIDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cmd.exehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cmd.exehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(computers)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(computers)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(computers)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_hardwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic-link_libraryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_registryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLSIDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cmd.exehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_keyboardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(computers)


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Themouse pointercan be controlled using the keyboard. (MouseKeys)

Note that in the next generation of Windows, theEase of Access control panel superseded the simple access.cpl

control panel in previous versions.

Add New Hardware (hdwwiz.cpl)

Launches a wizard which allows users to add new hardware devices to the system. This can be done byselecting from a list of devices or by specifying the location of the driverinstallationfiles.

Add or Remove Programs (appwiz.cpl)(Renamed Programs and Features in Windows Vista and later)

The Add/Remove Programs dialog allows the user to manipulate software installed on the system in anumber of ways;

Allows users to uninstall and change existing software packages, as well as indicating how much

space individual programs take and how frequently they are used.

Allows users to manually install software from a CD-ROMorFloppy Disk, and install add-ons from

Windows Update.

Allows users to change which Windows components are installed, via the Windows setup Wizard,

which includes Internet Explorer,Windows Media Playerand Windows Messenger

Finally, it allows users to specify the default applications for certain tasks, via the 'set program access

and defaults' wizard, such as internet browsers, media players and email programs and whether

access to these programs is available

Administrative Tools (control admintools)

Contains tools for system administration, including security, performance and service configuration. Theseare links to various configurations of theMicrosoft Management Console such as the local serviceslist and theEvent Viewer.

Automatic Updates (wuaucpl.cpl)This is used to specify how theAutomatic Updates client (wuauclt.exe) should download updates fromthe Microsoft Update Website, by default this is set to download and installdaily, however this can bechanged to a more suitable frequency. This also allows the user to specify whether to ask permissionbefore downloading and/or installing updates or to simply switch off Automatic Updates all together.

Date and Time (timedate.cpl)

Allows user to change the date and time stored in the machinesBIOS, change the time zoneand specifywhether to synchronize the date and time with anInternet Time Serverand which serverto use.

Display (control desktop) (desk.cpl)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_pointerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_pointerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ease_of_Accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ease_of_Accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wizard_(software)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD-ROMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD-ROMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_Diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Messengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_linkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Management_Consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Management_Consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_Updateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_Updateshttp://v4.windowsupdate.microsoft.com/en/default.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downloadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Time_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Time_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_pointerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouse_keyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ease_of_Accesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wizard_(software)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Softwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD-ROMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_Diskhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Playerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Messengerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_linkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Management_Consolehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_servicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Event_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_Updateshttp://v4.windowsupdate.microsoft.com/en/default.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Downloadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Installation_(computer_programs)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Time_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)


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Allows the user to change the display characteristics of their computer;

Allows users to change the desktop background (wallpaper) to a picture of their choice and specifies

how it should be shown.

Allows the user to change or disable thescreensaver, and specify how long it takes to activate and

whether to ask for a password on resume

Allows the user to specify the color styles of all elements within the system, primarily whether to use

the Windows XP / Vistastyles (blue by default in XP) or to use the classic Windows 98/ Mestyles,

this also allows the user to change the My Computer and Recycle Bin icons.

Allows the user to change thescreen resolutionand colour quality, and provides trouble shooting

advice for displays.

Folder Options (control folders)

This item allows for configuration of how foldersand files are presented inWindows Explorer. More specifically it

allows the user to specify general settings like whether folders open in a new window or the existing window and

whether the common tasks pane is shown, as well as more advanced tasks such as whether windows should hide

critical system files and whether to show file extensions. It is also used to modify file type associations in Windows;

i.e., which program opens which type of file and other settings like actions for each file type and the file extension.

Fonts (control fonts)

Displays all fontsinstalled on the computer. Users can remove fonts, install new fonts or search for fontsusing font characteristics. Note that "explorer \Windows\Fonts" has the same effect.

Internet Options (inetcpl.cpl)

Allows the user to change the way the computer manages internet connections andbrowsersettings forInternet

Explorer, it has several tags specifying different attributes;

General - This specifies the homepage and color schemes and allows the user to delete internet

usage history.

Security & Privacy - These specify whether the computer should allow websites to undertake

certain processes and downloadcookies, this panel also gives access to the inbuiltpop-up blocker
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_wallpaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screensaverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screensaverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recycle_Binhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_resolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_resolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_resolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folder_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folder_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typefacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typefacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homepagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websiteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop-up_adhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop-up_adhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_wallpaperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screensaverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recycle_Binhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_resolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folder_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_filehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typefacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homepagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Websiteshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop-up_ad


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(Windows XP SP2 and later) and the phishingcontrols (Internet Explorer 7).

Content - Allows the parental controls and auto-complete to be configured and also specifies how to

deal with certificates.

Connections, Programs and Advanced - These give access to other aspects of internet settings such

as the default modem connection and email client,proxy settings and other advanced configurations.

Game Controllers (joy.cpl)

Allows you to add, display, troubleshoot, and use advanced settings on joysticks and game controllers

Keyboard (control keyboard)

Lets the user change and test keyboard settings, including cursor blink rate and key repeat rate.

Mail (mlcfg32.cpl)(mlcfg.cpl)

Mail allows for configuration of themail client in Windows, usually Microsoft Outlook.Microsoft OutlookExpresscannot be configured with this item; it is configured through its own interface. mlcfg.cpl is used for64 bit office applications first available with the Office 2010 release.

Mouse (control mouse) (main.cpl)

Mouse allows the configuration of pointer options, such as the double click and scroll speed, and includes

visibility options such as whether to use pointer trails and whether the pointer should disappear whentyping. This also allows the user to specify the pointer appearance for each task, such as resize and busy.

Network Connections (control netconnections) (ncpa.cpl)

Displays and allows the user to edit or createnetworkconnections such asLocal Area Networks

(LAN) and internet connections. It also offers troubleshooting functions in case the computer has to be reconnected

to the network.

Phone and Modem Options (telephon.cpl)

Managestelephoneandmodem connections.

Power Options (powercfg.cpl)

Includes options to manage energy consumption such as;

Specify how long it takes to switch off the display and hard drivesand how long it takes for the system

to enterstandby, if at all.

To decide what to do when the computer's on/offbuttonis pressed, such as whether to shut down or

to enter standby.

Whether to allow Hibernation (some systems become unstable when restarting).

Allows the user to configure UPS (if available).

Printers and Faxes (control printers)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointer_trailshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Button_(control)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Button_(control)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Button_(control)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibernate_(OS_feature)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supplyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_key_certificatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook_Expresshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointer_trailshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_area_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_drivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sleep_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Button_(control)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hibernate_(OS_feature)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply


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Displays all theprinters and faxes currently installed on the computer, and has two main uses;

Firstly, it shows the all the jobs queued for each printer, thefile size and status of each job and which

user they belong to, it also allows each job to be paused, canceled or moved up or down the list.

Secondly, it allows the user to set the printing or faxing preferences, such as paper size and quality

via the manufacturers own preferences pane and also specifies how to share the printer across

a computer network, the device drivers,ports etc.

Regional and Language Settings (intl.cpl)

Various regional settings can be altered, for instance:

The way numbers are displayed (e.g. decimal separator).

How Currency values are displayed, including the Currency sign.

Time and date notations, such as the date separator and whether the clock should be in 12 or 24

hours.

Cultural location of the user's computer (The time zone is set inDate and Time).

Language;

Input language.

Keyboard layout (mapping between key strokes and characters).

Display language forMenusand Dialog Boxes.

Whether files necessary for Asiatic language support must be installed.

Installedcode pages.

Security Center(wscui.cpl)Renamed "Action Center" in Windows 7

First added in Windows XP with Service Pack 2, Security Center gives the user access to theinbuiltWindows security components, as well as providing information about any existing antivirussoftware such as McAfee orZone Alarm. It includes access to Windows Update, where users can specifywhether the computer should check for updates regularly (also available through the Windows Updatepanel), and options for managing internet security settings. It also includes links to internet articles aboutPC security and current virus threats and notifies the user when the PCs security is compromised.

Sounds and Audio Devices (mmsys.cpl)

This panel contains various audio-related functions;

Change the speaker volume and type and specify whether to show the volume icon in the notification

area.

Change the sounds played for the system or specific programs when a certain event occurs, i.e.

Windows Startup or Critical Stop.

Change default devices for music playback, recording, voice recognition, MIDI etc.

Change the Sound card settings and whether to use Hardware acceleration.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_printerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_printerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_drivershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_port_(hardware)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_port_(hardware)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal_separatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menu_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menu_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialog_Boxeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McAfeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_Alarmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_Alarmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_Alarmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Updatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Updatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_accelerationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_printerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_sizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_networkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_drivershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_port_(hardware)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decimal_separatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currency_signhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menu_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialog_Boxeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McAfeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zone_Alarmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Updatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_virushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIDIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_cardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_acceleration


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Display the audio devices installed on the computer, and allows them to be configured.

Speech (Sapi.cpl)

This applet has two main functions, the first is specify settings forSpeech synthesis, allowing the user toselect the voice the computer should use tonarratetext and how fast it should read. The second is tospecify settings forSpeech recognition, allowing the user to set up different profiles detailing how thecomputer should deal with an individuals dialect, for instance;

The amount of grammatical errors in a persons voice (punctuality sensitivity).

The speed at which the person speaks, and the time delay between words.

This also allows the user to access the voice recognition training wizard, in which an individual 'teaches' the

computer to recognize a person voice interactively using the microphone.

System (Sysdm.cpl)

This is used to view and change core system settings, a user can for instance:

Display general information on the user's machine such as the amount ofRAM,CPU speed and type,

the version ofWindows the system is using and the manufacturer.

Edit the computer name in a network workgroup.

Manage and Configure hardware devices, and view information such as the manufacturer, user

access and driver version of any hardware device installed on the system via Device Manager.

Enable/Disable system features such as automatic updates and System restore monitoring.

Specify advanced features such as performance logs, virtual memory settings and roaming profiles.

Taskbar and Start Menu (rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 1)

Allows the user to change the behavior and appearance of the task barand Start Menu;

Specifies whether to use Windows XP/Vista or Classic 9x/Mestyles on the taskbar and start menu.

Whether the taskbar should Auto-Hide.

Whether to show the clock in the notification area.

Allows the user to manage the tray icons.

Advanced options such as whether to show Printers & Faxes in the start menu and whether to

displayMy Documents as a menu or as a link to a new window.

User Accounts (nusrmgr.cpl)

This allows the user to configure their account and otheraccounts used in the system, should they have

sufficient privileges. They can change theirusername and password, their picture (if enabled) andtheir.net passport. If the current user has an administrators account they can also add, delete and modifyother user accounts as well as make changes to core system settings. This panel also specifies whetherthe guest account should be active and whether to use the Welcome screen whileWindows loads.

Interoperating with NetWare

Understanding NWLinkUpdated: January 21, 2005
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narratorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narratorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narratorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workgroup_(computer_networking)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_barhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start_Menuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_9xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notification_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notification_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Documentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Documentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_accounthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_accounthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usernamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.net_passporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.net_passporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_administratorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_synthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narratorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speech_recognitionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workgroup_(computer_networking)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_Managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Task_barhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Start_Menuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_9xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notification_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Documentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_accounthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usernamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passwordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.net_passporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_administratorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows


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Applies To: Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2003 with SP1,Windows Server 2003 with SP2

Understanding NWLink

The NWLink IPX/SPX/NetBIOS Compatible Transport Protocol (NWLink) is a Network Driver

Interface Specification (NDIS)-compliant, native 32-bit implementation of Novell's IPX/SPX protocol.

NWLink supports two networking application programming interfaces (APIs): NetBIOS and WindowsSockets. These APIs allow communication among computers running Windows and betweencomputers running Windows and NetWare servers.

The NWLink transport driver is an implementation of the lower-level NetWare protocols, which

include IPX, SPX, RIPX (Routing Information Protocol over IPX), and NBIPX (NetBIOS over IPX). IPXcontrols addressing and routing of packets of data within and between networks. SPX providesreliable delivery through sequencing and acknowledgments. NWLink provides NetBIOS compatibilitywith a NetBIOS layer over IPX.

Interoperating with NetWare resources

Depending on what platform you are using and what resources that you want to access, you mayneed to use NWLink in conjunction with other tools. The following table lists several interoperabilityoptions that use NWLink.

Platform Running Can connect to

Windows NWLink Client/server applications running on a NetWare server

Windows NWLink and Client Service for

NetWare

NetWare servers for file and print services

NetWare client IPX with NetBIOS, Named Pipes,or Windows Sockets support

Computers running Windows (with NWLink installed) runnIPX applications such as Microsoft SQL Server

NetWare client IPX Servers running Windows Server 2003 (with NWLink instafor file and print services

For a Windows client to access file and print resources on a NetWare server, Client Service for

NetWare must be installed on the Windows client in addition to NWLink. For more information,seeNovell NetWare integration overview.

Interoperating with Microsoft resources

By default, the file and print sharing components of Windows use NetBIOS over IPX to send file and

print sharing messages.

Alternatively, you can disable NetBIOS so that the file and print sharing messages are sent directlyover IPX. This is known as direct hosting. While direct hosting may be more efficient, it causes aninteroperability issue: A direct hosting client can only connect to a direct hosting server. Directhosting clients include computers running Microsoft Network Client for MS-DOS, Windows for

Workgroups, Windows 95, and Windows 98. Direct hosting servers include computers runningMicrosoft Network Client for MS-DOS, and all Windows-based computers.

The following table lists several interoperability options that use IPX.

Platform Running Can connect to

Microsoft Network Client for MS-DOS

Windows for WorkgroupsWindows 95

Windows 98

IPX only (directhosting)

File and print shared resources on computersrunning:

Microsoft Network Client for MS-DOSWindows for Workgroups

Windows 95Windows 98Windows NTWindows 2000
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc738033(WS.10).aspxhttp://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc738033(WS.10).aspxhttp://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc738033(WS.10).aspx


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Microsoft Network Client for MS-DOS

Windows for WorkgroupsWindows 95Windows 98Windows NT

Windows 2000

NetBIOS over IPX File and print shared resources on computersrunning:

Microsoft Network Client for MS-DOSWindows for WorkgroupsWindows 95Windows 98

Windows NT

Windows 2000Important

You cannot use direct hosting of IPX to gain access to resources on any computer acting as

a direct host server from a computer running Windows. Computers running Windows do not

include a direct hosting client for NWlink. For example, while you can connect by using

direct hosting of IPX to resources on a computer running Windows from a computer running

Windows 95 or Windows 98 (where NetBIOS is disabled by default for performance

reasons), you cannot connect by using direct hosting of IPX to the computer running

Windows 95 or Windows 98 from the computer running Windows. For detailed instructions

about enabling direct hosting, seeEnable direct hosting of IPX.

Client Service for NetWare is not available on 64-bit versions of Windows Server 2003 and

Windows XP.

Gateway Service for NetWare is included in Windows 2000 Server. It is not included in the

Windows Server 2003 family.

Computers running operating systems in the Windows Server 2003 family cannot be IPX

routers.
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776250(WS.10).aspxhttp://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776250(WS.10).aspxhttp://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc776250(WS.10).aspx