Need for Achievement

• Need for Achievement

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Conscientiousness

1 It is manifested in characteristic behaviors such as being efficient,

organized, neat, and systematic, also including such elements as self-

discipline, carefulness, thoroughness, self-organization, deliberation (the tendency to think carefully before acting), and need for achievement


Entrepreneurship - What is an entrepreneur

1 1961: David McClelland: An entrepreneur is a person with a high need for achievement [N-Ach]. He is energetic and a moderate risk taker.


Entrepreneur - What is an entrepreneur

1 * 1961: David McClelland: An entrepreneur is a person with a high need for achievement [N-Ach]. He is energetic and a moderate risk taker.


Motivation - Achievement motivation

1 The emphasis on performance seeks to integrate formerly separate

approaches as need for achievement with, for example, social motives like

dominance


Goal orientation - Antecedents

1 In a meta-analysis by Payne and her colleagues, both need for

achievement and the Big Five personality traits were identified as

important antecedents of goal orientation, while cognitive ability

was found to have almost no relationship with goal orientation


Goal orientation - Need for achievement

1 Although LGO and need for achievement were found to be strongly related, the findings

demonstrate that LGO is related to, but not synonymous with need for

achievement.


Need for achievement

1 'Need for achievement' ('N-Ach') refers to an individual's desire for

significant accomplishment, mastering of skills, control, or high

standards



1 Measured with the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), need for

achievement motivates an individual to succeed in competition, and to

excel in activities important to him or her.http://www.businessdictionary.co

m/definition/need-for-achievement.html#ixzz2DAbf1NPt



1 Need for Achievement is related to the difficulty of tasks people choose to

undertake. Those with low N-Ach may choose very easy tasks, in order to

minimise risk of failure, or highly difficult tasks, such that a failure would not be embarrassing. Those with high N-Ach

tend to choose moderately difficult tasks, feeling that they are challenging, but

within reach.


Need for achievement - Theory

1 In this connection, the need for achievement refers to an individual's

preference for success under conditions of competition


Need for achievement - Theory

1 A high emotional intelligence calls for a high need for achievement while a low emotional intelligence calls for a

lower need for achievement


Need for achievement - Measurement

1 It was Murray who first identified the significance of Need for

Achievement, Power and Affiliation and placed these in the context of an

integrated motivational model.


Need for achievement - Measurement

1 McClelland’s research led him to formulate psychological characteristics of

persons with strong need for achievement. According to McClelland and David Winter (Motivating Economic

Achievement), the following features accompany high level of achievement motivation: David C. McClelland and

David G. Winter. Motivating Economic Achievement. New York: Free Press, 1969.


Content theory - McClelland’s Theory of Needs

1 David McClelland proposed a context for understanding needs in people,

which holds significance in understanding motivations and

behaviors. It is subdivided into three categories: the Need for

Achievement, the Need for Affiliation, and the Need for Power.


Content theory - McClelland’s Theory of Needs

1 The Need for Achievement refers to the notion of getting ahead and succeeding


Flow (psychology) - The autotelic personality

1 Several correlational studies found need for achievement to be a

personal characteristic that fosters flow experiences.Engeser, S.,

Rheinberg, F


Work motivation - Need for achievement

1 Studies show those who have a high need for achievement prefer moderate levels of risk, seek

feedback, and are likely to immerse themselves in their work



1 The theory is referred to as Need for Achievement because these individuals are

theorized to be the most effective employees and leaders in the workplace. These

individuals strive to achieve their goals and advance in the organization. They tend to be

dedicated to their work and strive hard to succeed. Such individuals also demonstrate a strong desire for increasing their knowledge and for feedback on their performance, often

in the form of performance appraisal .



1 The Need for Achievement is in many ways similar to the need for mastery

and self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy of needs and growth in the

ERG theory. The achievement orientation has garnered more

research interest as compared to the need for affiliation or power.


Locus of control - Personality orientation

1 This has obvious implications for differences between internals and

externals in terms of their achievement motivation, suggesting

that internal locus is linked with higher levels of need for

achievement


Belongingness - Psychological needs

1 They argue that many of the human needs that have been documented,

such as the needs for Need for power|power, intimacy, approval,

Need for achievement|achievement and Need for affiliation|affiliation, are

all driven by the need to belong


Need theory - Effect on management

1 He stated that people with a high need for achievement will succeed

best when given projects with attainable goals and although

individuals with a need for achievement can make good

managers, they are not suited to being in the top management

positions


Dependency need - Social needs

1 People who have need for achievement|achievement needs are

willing to seek out and accomplish tasks


Stanford-Binet - Revisions of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale

1 Gale Roid published the most recent edition of the Stanford-Binet

Intelligence Scale. Roid attended Harvard University where he was a

research assistant to David McClelland. McClelland is well known

for his studies on the need for achievement. While the fifth edition incorporates some of the classical

traditions of these scales, there were several significant changes made.


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Need for Achievement