NECESSITY FOR BLOOD CLOTTING

SEALS A WOUNDPREVENT EXCESSIVE BLOODLOSS FROM THE BODY

PREVENTS THE ENTRY OFMICROORGANISMS AND FOREIGN PARTICLESINTO THE BODY THROUGHTHE WOUND

PREVENTS BLOOD PRESSURE FROM FALLINGTO A LOW LEVEL AS PRESSURE IS NEEDED

MECHANISM OF BLOOD CLOTTING

INJURY/RUPTURE IN BLOOD VESSELS(accidentally cut the finger and bleedings)

PLATELETS CLUMP AT THE WOUND(platelets in the blood become sticky and clump togetherto plug the wound, so it can reduce blood loss)

release

THROMBOKINASE (clotting factor VIII)converts

PROTHROMBIN (in the liver)

THROMBIN (active enzyme)

Vitamin Kconverts

Calcium ions

Fibrinogen(soluble plasmaprotein)

Fibrin(insolublefibres)

a meshwork of threads overthe wound

Trap erythrocytes& platelets

Blood Clottingforms

Scab falls off, form newskin

CONSEQUENCES OF AN IMPAIRED BLOOD CLOTTING MECHANISM

DISEASEDISEASE CAUSES BY HOW TO OVERCOME/PREVENT/REDUCE

HAEMOPHILIA • lack of gene for productionof clotting factor (factor VIII)• an impaired clotting mechanismwhich causes serious bleeding• haemophiliacs may die of internalor external bleeding.

• factor VIII can now be produced by generic engineering

THROMBOSIS • a local blood clot (thrombus) is formed on the damaged rough inner wall of the artery.• blockage of the artery.

• Thrombus dislodge and is carried away by blood circulation(embolus)• embolus trapped & block the blood flow.

EMBOLISM

HEART ATTACK • the coronary artery is partially blocked.• cuts off the supply of oxygen andnutrients to the heart muscle.• extensive heart muscle damagecan cause death.

• avoid to take foodsrich in fats• consume more fruits and vegetables• exercise and practise a healthy lifestyle